Metatheory in Social Science: Pluralisms and SubjectivitiesDonald Winslow Fiske, Richard A. Shweder University of Chicago Press, 15 մրտ, 1986 թ. - 390 էջ What is the nature of the social sciences? What kinds of knowledge can they—and should they—hope to create? Are objective viewpoints possible and can universal laws be discovered? Questions like these have been asked with increasing urgency in recent years, as some philosophers and researchers have perceived a "crisis" in the social sciences. Metatheory in Social Science offers many provocative arguments and analyses of basic conceptual frameworks for the study of human behavior. These are offered primarily by practicing researchers and are related to problems in disciplines as diverse as sociology, psychology, psychiatry, anthropology, and philosophy of science. While various points of view are expressed in these nineteen essays, they have in common several themes, including the comparison of social and natural science, the role of knowledge in meeting the demands of society and its pressing problems, and the nature and role of subjectivity in science. Some authors hold that subjectivity cannot be studied scientifically; others argue that it can and must be if progress in knowledge is to be made. The essays demonstrate the philosophical pluralism they discuss and give a wide range of alternative positions on the future of the social and behavioral sciences in a postpositivist intellectual world. |
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Generalization and the Social Psychology | 42 |
Specificity of Method and Knowledge in Social Science | 61 |
Social Inquiry by and for Earthlings | 83 |
Sciences Social System of ValidityEnhancing Collective | 108 |
Correspondence versus Autonomy in the Language | 136 |
Divergent Rationalities | 163 |
Explanation in the Social Sciences and in Life Situations | 197 |
in Medicine | 222 |
Heuristics and the Study of Human Behavior | 293 |
What Social Scientists Dont Understand | 315 |
Philosophy of Science and the Potentials for Knowledge | 339 |
Similarity and Collaboration within the Sciences | 347 |
Two Extremes on the Social Science Commitment | 353 |
Pluralisms and Subjectivities | 362 |
Bibliography | 371 |
379 | |
Social Measurement as the Creation of Expert Systems | 246 |
The Forms and Functions of Social Knowledge | 271 |
NonLinear Behavior | 284 |
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action analysis anthropology applied argues assumptions basic behavior belief biological bodies of knowledge Cambridge Campbell causal clinical cognitive complex concepts Construct validity construction context critical Cronbach culture D'Andrade disciplines effects empirical ence epistemology example experience experimental expert systems explanation fact Fiske function Gergen hermeneutic heuristics human hypothesis inquiry interaction interpretation investigation kind Kleinman laboratory language laws linguistic logical logical positivism meaning medicine Meehl ment mental method methodological natural sciences objects observation patient person phenomena philosophy of science postpositivist prediction problem procedural knowledge procedures processes properties propositions protocol psychometric questions rational reason reductionism reductionistic relevant replication scientific Secord semiotic Shweder social psychology social science social scientists sociology sociology of science specific statistical strategy structure theoretical theory things tion understanding University of Chicago University Press validity variables York