The Fourth Heaven, or that of the Sun, where are seen the Spirits
of Theologians and Fathers of the Church.

Aquinas.

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St. Thomas

48

CANTO XI.

St. Thomas Aquinas recounts the Life of St. Francis.

CANTO XII.

St. Buonaventura recounts the Life of St. Dominic

CANTO XIII.

Of the Wisdom of Solomon

CANTO XIV.

The Fifth Heaven, or that of Mars, where are seen the Spirits of
Martyrs, and of Crusaders who died fighting for the true Faith.—
The Celestial Cross .

Cacciaguida's Discourse of the Great Florentines

CANTO XVII.

Cacciaguida's Prophecy of Dante's Banishment

CANTO XVIII.

The Sixth Heaven, or that of Jupiter, where are seen the Spirits of
Righteous Kings and Rulers. -The Celestial Eagle

CANTO XIX.

The Eagle discourses of Salvation by Faith

CANTO XX.

The Eagle praises the Righteous Kings of old

CANTO XXI.

The Seventh Heaven, or that of Saturn, where are seen the Spirits
of the Contemplative. The Celestial Stairway.
Damiano. His Invectives against the Luxury of the Prelates

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Page

CANTO XXII.

St. Benedict.-His Lamentation over the Corruption of the Monks. —
The Eighth Heaven, or that of the Fixed Stars

CANTO XXIII.

97

St. Peter's reproof of bad Popes. - The Ascent to the Ninth Heaven,
or the Primum Mobile

CANTO XXVIII.

God and the Celestial Hierarchies

CANTO XXIX.

118

Beatrice's Discourse of the Creation of the Angels, and of the Fall
Her Reproof of the Ignorance and Avarice of

of Lucifer.

St. Bernard points out the Saints in the White Rose

CANTO XXXIII.

Prayer to the Virgin. The Threefold Circle of the Trinity.
Mystery of the Divine and Human Nature

NOTES

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135

139

143

148

I LIFT mine eyes, and all the windows blaze
With forms of Saints and holy men who died,
Here martyred and hereafter glorified;

And the great Rose upon its leaves displays
Christ's Triumph, and the angelic roundelays,
With splendor upon splendor multiplied;
And Beatrice again at Dante's side

No more rebukes, but smiles her words of praise. And then the organ sounds, and unseen choirs

Sing the old Latin hymns of peace and love
And benedictions of the Holy Ghost;

And the melodious bells among the spires

O'er all the house-tops and through heaven above Proclaim the elevation of the Host!

O STAR of morning and of liberty!

O bringer of the light, whose splendor shines Above the darkness of the Apennines,

Forerunner of the day that is to be!

The voices of the city and the sea,

The voices of the mountains and the pines, Repeat thy song, till the familiar lines Are footpaths for the thought of Italy! Thy fame is blown abroad from all the heights, Through all the nations, and a sound is heard, As of a mighty wind, and men devout, Strangers of Rome, and the new proselytes, In their own language hear thy wondrous word, And many are amazed and many doubt.