of the protection of the United States, and the said nations may punish him or them in such manner as they see fit. ART. 10. The United States renew the reservations heretofore made in the before-mentioned treaty at Fort McIntosh, for the establishment of trading posts, in manner and form following; that is to say: six miles square at the mouth of Miami or Omie Rivers; six miles square at the portage upon that branch of the Miami which runs into the Ohio; six miles square upon the lake Sandusky, where the fort formerly stood; and two miles square upon each side of the Lower Rapids, or Sandusky River; which posts, and the lands annexed to them, shall be for the use and under the Government of the United States. ART. 11. The post at Detroit, with a district of land beginning at the mouth of the river Rosine, at the west end of Lake Erie, and runring up the southern bank of said river six miles; thence northerly, and always six miles west of the strait, until it strikes the Lake St. Clair, shall be reserved for the use of the United States. ART. 12. In like manner the post at Michilimackinac, with its dependencies, and twelve miles square about the same, shall be reserved to the sole use of the United States. ART. 13. The United States of America do hereby renew and confirm the peace and friendship entered into with the said nations, at the treaty before-mentioned, held at Fort McIntosh; and the said nations again acknowledge themselves, and all their tribes, to be under the protection of the said United States, and no other power whatever. ART. 14. The United States of America do also receive into their friendship and protection the nations of Pottawattimies and Sacs; and do hereby establish a league of peace and amity between them respectively; and all the articles of this treaty, so far as they apply to these nations, are to be considered as made and concluded in all and every part, expressly with them and each of them. ART. 15. And, whereas, in describing the boundary before-mentioned, the words, if strictly construed, would carry it from the portage on that branch of the Miami River which runs into the Ohio, over to the river Auglaize, which was neither the intention of the Indians nor of the commissioners, it is hereby declared that the line shall run from the said portage directly to the first fork of the Miami River, which is to the southward and eastward of the Miami village; thence down the main branch of the Miami River to the said village, and thence down that river to Lake Erie, and along the margin of the lake to the place of beginning. Done at Fort Harmar, on the Muskingum, this ninth of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-nine. In witness whereof, the parties have hereunto, interchangeably, set their hands and seals. Jos. Harmar, Lieut.-Col. Com't, 1st U. S. Reg't, and Brig.-Gen. by brevet. Richard Butler. Jno. Gibson. Will. McCurdy, Captain. E. Denny, Ensign 1st U. S. Regiment. A. Hartshorn, Ensign. J. Williams, Jr. Robt. Thompson, Ensign 1st U. S. Regiment. Joseph Nicholes. James Rinken. Be it remembered, that the Wyandots have laid claim to the lands that were granted to the Shawanese at the treaty held at the Miami, and have declared that, as the Shawanese have been so restless and caused so much trouble, both to them and the United States, if they will not now be at peace, they will dispossess them and take the country into their own hands; for that the country is theirs of right, and the Shawanese are only living upon it by their permission. They further lay claim to all the country west of the Miami boundary, from the village to the Lake Erie, and declare that it is now under their management and direction. SEPARATE ARTICLE. Whereas, the Wyandots have represented that, within the reservation from the river Rosine along the strait, they have two villages from which they can not, with any convenience, remove, it is agreed that they shall remain in possession of the same, and shall not be in any manner disturbed therein. Relations between Washington and St. Clair. 631 APPENDIX IV. RELATIONS BETWEEN WASHINGTON AND ST. CLAIR. [See Vol. I., p. 158.] In further explanation of Governor St. Clair's visit to New York, upon the occasion of the organization of the National Government, and the intimate relations between him and General Washington, the following extract is given from "Sketches of Debate in the First Senate of the United States, in 1789-90–91, by William Maclay, a Senator from Pennsylvania" (p. 22): 1 "Monday, 4th May. Went early to the post-office. As I came back, met General St. Clair. He seemed desirous of speaking with me. Said he had been to my lodgings, and asked me what I thought of the President's new arrangements. It was the first I had heard of them. The President is neither to entertain nor receive invitations. He is to have levee days on Tuesdays and Fridays, when only he is to be seen. "I told the General that General Washington stood on as difficult ground as he had ever done in his life. That to suffer himself to be run down, on the one hand, by a crowd of visitants, so as to engross his time, would never do, as it would render his doing business impracticable. But, on the other hand, for him to be seen only in public, on stated times, like an Eastern Lama, would be equally offensive. If he was not to be seen but in public, where nothing confidential could pass between him and any individual, business would, to all appearance, be done without him, and he could not escape the charge of favoritism; all court would be paid to the supposed favorite, weakness and insignificance would be considered as characteristics of the President, and he would not escape contempt; that it was not thus the General gained the universal plaudits of his admiring fellow-citizens. I reiterated these ideas in every shape and in every different light I could place them, for nearly half an hour that we walked in front of St. Paul's Church. The General said that he wished to collect men's sentiments, and the design was to communicate them to the General. I told him my late conduct in the Senate had been such as would render any opinion of mine very ungracious at court, and, perhaps, he had better never make mention of my name. Much more was said, but not worth committing to paper." (1) Friend of St. Clair, Wilson and Judge Smith. APPENDIX V. EXAMINATION OF JOHN LEITH. [See Vol. II, p. 10.] The deponent saith that he was storekeeper for himself and company at Tuscarawas, where he had a quantity of goods and furs; that there was another store at the same place, kept by James Chambers, for Messieurs Hamilton and Greenough, where was also a considerable amount of goods and skins; that the whole property in both stores was about the value of one thousand pounds. That on Tuesday, the 27th of September, seven of the Wyandot nation came to the store, about nine o'clock in the morning; the deponent and Chambers were together at his house, sitting by the fire; the Wyandots told the Delawares, a party of whom had been trading with him for some days, that there was war-that the hatchet was taken up; upon which, one of the Delawares came to him and bid him rise and go with him; the deponent went with him, when the Delaware told him that Chambers would be killed; he soon heard the stroke made at Chambers by one of the Wyandots; he was immediately tomahawked and drawn out before the house, where he was left; the deponent having been a prisoner with the Delawares for twelve years, and being adopted as a brother in that nation, was the reason, he supposes, why his life was spared; the Wyandots took the goods and furs, except the property of the deponent, and made two parcels of them; they gave one division to the Delawares, and took the other themselves. The deponent was carried to the Delaware towns, to a place called Coshurking, on the head-waters of the Big Miami; at the time of his arrival, there was a grand council of the Indians, at which were present the chiefs of the Delawares, Wyandots, Shawanese, Mingoes, Cherokees, Putawatimees, Kickapoes, and the Twigtees, with belts and speeches from the Ouiatinons, Tawas, Chipeways, and the Fox nations. The council was held on the first of October, and lasted two days and nights; they held it three miles from the town; he could not learn the object of their meeting. The deponent further saith that he met with Captain Pipe at the council, and, as soon as the council was over, the deponent was released from confinement; Captain Pipe and George Washington went with him to Pipe's residence, a Delaware town on the Sandusky River; they immediately went to work to collect the goods that were taken at Tuscarawas, and had collected a considerable quantity to be redelivered to the owners; they staid two nights at Pipe's town, when Pipe, George Washington, and the deponent went to the Wyandot towns, where they were collecting the goods also; that the chiefs of both nations seemed very averse to the outrage committed at Tuscarawas; the deponent verily believes that a considerable quantity of the goods will be returned; the deponent is of the opinion, from the frequent conversations he has had with the Indians, before and since the late affair at Tuscarawas, that the chiefs of the Delaware and Wyandot nations are for peace, but that the young men and bad characters of both nations can not be kept at peace; that Simon Girty and Captain Caldwell, of the British rangers, were lately at the Wyandot towns, and that he verily believes, from the information given him by a man well acquainted with these matters, that Girty and Caldwell were using their endeavors to prevent the Delawares and Wyandots from going to the treaty to be held at the mouth of the Big Miami. The deponent further saith that, from every observation he could make, and from the general talk of the Indians, he is led to believe that they are, in general, averse to giving up their lands; he is certain it will be dangerous for the Continental surveyors to go on with their business, until some further treaty is made with the Shawanese, Mingoes, and Cherokees, who appear to be most averse to this business. The deponent further saith that he was at the Lower Sandusky, when the articles of peace between Great Britain and America were made known to the Indians; that they were told that the hatchet was only laid down, but not buried; that the Half King of the Wyandots remarked that, if it was peace, it should be buried-that there were many of their foolish young men who would take it up, unless it was covered. And further saith not.1 Sworn to before me, at Fort McIntosh, this 17th day of October, 1785. JOHN DOUGHTY, Major Comm'dt. APPENDIX VI. TESTIMONY OF CAPTAIN SLOUGH OF THE FIRST BATTALION OF LEVIES, COMMANDED BY MAJOR THOMAS BUTLER. [See Vol. I., p. 174; Vol. II., p. 266.] Captain Slough arrived at Fort Pitt about 12th of May, and left it in July, about the last of it. He was detached to Fort Franklin; arrived at Fort Washington the 1st of September; muskets good, but clothing for the company indifferent; the troops sometimes badly supplied with provisions on the march-not sufficient in quantity, though good in (1) MS. Harmar Papers. |