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respectively are this day in rebellion against the United States, the following, to-wit:

Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana (except the parishes of St. Bernard, Plaquemines, Jefferson, St. John, St. Charles, St. James, Ascension, Assumption, Terre Bonne, Lafourche, Ste. Marie, St. Martin, and Orleans, including the city of New Orleans), Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Virginia, (except the forty-eight counties designated as West Virginia, and also the counties of Berkeley, Accomac, Northampton, Elizabeth City, York, Princess Ann, and Norfolk, including the cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth), and which excepted parts are for the present left precisely as if this proclamation were not issued.

And by virtue of the power and for the purpose aforesaid, I do order and declare that all persons held as slaves within said designated States and parts of States are and henceforward shall be free; and that the Executive Government of the United States, including the military and naval authorities thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of said persons.

And I hereby enjoin upon the people so declared to be free to abstain from all violence, unless in necessary self-defense; and I recommend to them that, in all cases when allowed, they labor faithfully for reasonable wages.

And I further declare and make known that such persons, of suitable condition, will be received into the armed service of the United States to garrison forts, positions, stations, and other places, and to man vessels of all sorts in said service.

And upon this act, sincerely believed to be an act of justice, warranted by the Constitution upon military necessity, I invoke the considerate judgment of mankind, and the gracious favor of Almighty God.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my name and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.

Done at the city of Washington this first day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, and of the [L. S.] independence of the United States the eighty-seventh.

By the President:

WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State.

ABRAHAM LINCOLN.

GENERAL INDEX.

NUMBERS REFER TO PAGES.

Absent Members, 84, 142, 143.
Accommodation Paper, 266.
Accused, Rights of, 33, 77, 210, 230, 231.
Adjournment of Congress, 142, 144.
Administrative Boards, 97.
Administrator, 56, 57.

Admission of States, 72, 217, 357.
Advice and Consent of Senate, 97,
198.

Age, of State Officers, 292-300; of
Representatives, U.S., 126; of Sen-
ators, U. S., 136; Roman, 136; of
President, 188; of Sovereigns, 188,
304-5.

Agency, Law of, 253.
Agreement
flower, 359.
Agriculture, Department of, 197, 306.
Aliens, 319, 348.

on board the May-

Alliances, States forbidden to form,
174, 175.

Ambassadors, 198, 202, 207, 209, 347,
349.

Amendments, to Constitution, 75,
221, 225-243; to Bills, 346.
Annapolis Naval Academy, 196,
311.

Appeals, 22, 29, 99, 101, 102, 210.

Appellate Jurisdiction, 99, 101, 210.
Appointive Offices, 37, 97, 195, 198, 201,
306-9.

Apportionment, 80, 102, 112, 128, 134,
240, 316-7.

Arbitration, 21, 351.

Argument, 28.

Aristocracy, 244, 245, 248.

Aristotle quoted, 244.

Army, 160, 161, 174, 194, 310.

Arrest, 29, 85, 145.

Articles of Confederation, 110–115.

Assembly, Freedom of, 76, 228.
Atlantic Monthly, 65, 244.
Attachment, Writ of, 25, 279.
Attainder, Bills of, 77, 170, 174.
Attorney, Village, 37;

City, 40;

County, 50; State, 92, 102-3; U. S.,
196, 306; Power of, 254.

Auditor, County, 46, 47, 269; State,
92, 102-3.

Australian Plan of Voting, 325.
Authentication,

Award of Damages, 18.

Bail, 32, 234, 284.

Balance of Power in Europe, 847.
Bankruptcies, 155, 175.

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Bills for Raising Revenue, 86, 149.
Birth of the Nation, 110.
Blackstone, referred to, 21.
Blockade, 354.

Bond, Official, 14, 19, 47, 103; in Suit,
25; in Appeal, 29; Bail, 32; form of,
272.
Booth's Manuals and Forms: Rec-
ommended to Teachers, 7; re-
ferred to, 17; quoted, 269.

Borrow, Congress may, 112, 153, 165.
Boy-courts, 19-21.

Burden of Proof, 28, 233.

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Charities, 66, 98.

Charter of Incorporation, 39, 258.
Checks, on Treasurer, 47; on Depart-

ments, 152; on Banks, 262, 267.

Chief Justice of U. S. Supreme
Court, in Impeachment of Presi-
dent, 138, 139; Appointment, 198;
Term, 205; Salary, 206; Removal,
203; Name, 307.

Citizen, 215, 239, 319.

City, Definition, 39; Need of, 38;
Management,40; Tabular View,66.
Civil Actions, 24, 54, 99, 233.
Civil Service Reform, 200.
Classification of Senators, 135.
Clerk, of Town, 14; of Village, 35; of
City, 40; of County, 46; of Court, 51;
of Supreme Court, 100, 102-3; of
U. S. H. of R., 131, 329, 332; of U.S.
Senate, 138; of U. S. Supreme
Court, 307.

Coin, 155, 174.

Colorado, 294-300, 316, 342.
Commerce, Regulation of, 108, 118,
154, 169, 172.

Commissioners, County, 35, 45, 46,
47, 51, 52; Court, 50, 51; U. S., 103.
Committee of the Whole, 332, 345.
Committees, 137, 327, 345.
Commitment to Jail, 285.

Common Defense, 11, 12, 112, 121, 160,
161, 194.

Common Law, 232, 233.

Comparative Tables, 66, 314-15, 140,
152, 186, 214, 260; Legislative, 292-3;
Executive, 291-5; Judicial, 296-7;
Miscellaneous, 298-9; Suffrage,
300-1; Legislatures of Nations,
302-3.

Compensation, 52, 84, 90, 102-3, 145,
191, 192, 206, 306-9.

Complaint, 25, 61, 230, 231, 277,284, 286.
Compromise of the Constitution,
124, 129, 169.

Confiscation, 165, 212.
Congress, Composition, Confedera-
tion, 111; Constitution, 123; Pow-
ers, 112, 153; Organization, 328.
Conscience, Freedom of, 76, 228.
Consent, of State, 217; to contract,
250, 263, 265.

Constable, 15, 25, 26, 35, 277, 279, 280,
282-5.

Constitution, State, 74; Defects of,
75; Provisións, 79; U. S., Origin of,
115; Outline, 120; Amendments,
221, 226.

Consul, 198, 207, 321, 350.
Contested Elections, 330.
Continental Congress, 111, 112.
Contraband of War, 353.

Contracts, 77, 174, 175, 249, 252, 350.

Convention, Constitutional, 73, 117;
Nominating, 182, 326.

Cooley's Constitutional Law, 170.
Copyright, 2, 157, 318.
Coroner, 50.

Corporate Powers, Town, 14; School
District, 19; Village, 35; City, 42;
County, 46; State, 74; U. S., 153;
Business Corporations, 257.
Corporation, Law of, 257.
Correction lines, 340-1.
Council, Village, 35; City, 41, 42;
Governor's, 93, 297.
Counterfeiting, 156.

Counting Votes, 187, 324; of Electors,

334.
County, 43, 69.

County Board, 16, 35, 45, 61, 63, 269.
Court Commissioner, 51.

Court of Claims, 157, 205, 206, 307.
Courts of the United States, 157, 205,
206, 307-9.

Courts Martial, 230, 338.

Courts, State and Federal, 101.
Credit, of United States, 153; Bills
of, 174; of State Documents, 214;
Letters of, 328, 350.

Crimes, Trial of, 29, 33, 77, 210, 230-1,
349; at Sea, 158.

Criteria of Good Government, 246.
Cross-examination, 27, 233.

Cruel and Unusual Punishments,
234.

Dakota, 292-9, 342.
Damages, 18, 275-6.

Dangers in each Form of Govern-
ment, 247.

Debate, Questions for, 19, 38, 43, 65,
140, 147, 168, 194, 214, 248.

Debts of United States, 153, 241; of
Confederation, 223; of States in
Rebellion, 242.

Declaration of Independence, 109,
110, 111, 345, 360; of War, 159, 351,
351; of Intention to become a Citi-
zen, 319.

Defects, of State Constitution, 75;
of Articles of Confederation, 113;
in Contracts, 250, 251; in Commer-
cial Paper, 250, 263, 265; in Elective
System, 325.

Democracy, 244, 245.
Departments of Government,79,124.
Direct Taxes, 128, 171.

Disability of Members of Legisla-
tures, 85; of Members of Congress,
127; of President, 189; of Vice-
President, 138, 139, 189.

District Court, State, 45, 58-64; U. S.,
157, 159, 160, 164, 205, 211, 237.
District of Columbia, 155, 164, 206.
Division in Voting, 344.

Docket, 28, 281.

Dole's Talks About Law, 20, 24, 26,
58, 65, 237, 261.

Drafts, Law of, 261, 262, 265.
Duties, Offic.al, Town, 14; Village,
35; City, 41, 42; County, 45; State,
90, 102-3; of President, 201; Vice-
President, 137.

Duties, Revenue, 149, 153, 172, 175.

Education, 18, 66, 299.

Election, Local, 16, 37, 51; State, 89,
102-3; U. S. Representatives, 125,
141; of U. S. Senators, 134, 141, 333;
of President, 180-2, 184, 334; how
Conducted, 16, 323-5.

Electors, Voters, 125, 323; of Presi-
dent, 180, 181, 328, 334; of German
Emperor, 244.

Elective Officers, Town, 14; School
District, 18; Village, 35; City, 40;
County, 45, 66; State, 88, 102-3;
United States, 180.

Eligibility, of County Attorney and
Court Commissioner, 52; to State
Legislature, 86, 292-3; State Execu-
tive Offices, 88, 294; State Judicial
Offices, 296; U.S. House of Repre-
sentatives, 126, 127, 240; U. S. Sen-
ate, 127, 136, 240; President, 188, 240;
U. S. Judicial Officers, 240.

Elliott's Debates in the Constitu-
tional Convention, 116, 117.
Emancipation, Thirteenth Amend-
ment, 238; in States, 343; Procla-
mation, 344, 362.

Enlargement, of Village, 37; of Num-
ber of States, 72.
Equalization of Taxes, 98.
Equity, 208, 237, 238.

Evidence, 21, 23, 27, 59, 211, 230, 231.
Examiner, Public, 48, 96, 102-3.
Exclusive Jurisdiction of Congress,
163.

Execution, Issuance of, 29; Form
of, 282.

Executive, City, 41; State, 88, 102-3;
United States, 178; Officers of U.S.,
306.

Exports, Duties on, 172.

Ex Post Facto Laws, 77, 170, 174.
Extradition, 216, 337, 349.
Extra Sessions, 90, 201.

"Federalist" quoted, 199.
Felony, 29, 158.
Fines, 35, 234.
Fisheries, 98.
Folk-moot, 21.

Forbidden Laws, 77, 87, 169-177, 212,
228, 235.

Foreign Coin, 155.
Forgery, 266.

Formation of New States, 72, 217.
Forms: Organization of Town, 269;
Elections, 270-2; Oath and Bond,
272; Roads, 273-277; Civil Suit, 277-
283; Criminal Prosecutions, 284-5;
Miscellaneous, 256; Probate Court,
286-289; District Court, 290-1.
Forms of Government, 244.
Forsyth's History of Jury System,
23.

Franchise, 16, 17, 19, 126, 240, 242, 248,
300-1, 323.

Franking Privilege, 313.
Franklin, Benjamin, 118.
Fraud, in Voting, 16; in Business,
251, 264.

Freedom of Conscience, 76, 228; of
Speech, 76, 228; of Assembly, 76,
228; of Person, 64, 76, 230, 231, 235,
238, 290, 323; from Unwarranted
Searches and Seizures, 76, 229, 230,
261; from Military Tyranny, 76,
228, 229.

Free Trade, 168, 169, 172.

Fugitives from Justice, 216, 337, 349.

Georgia, 169, 218, 219, 292-300, 316.
Government,why Established, 9-12,
121; Forms of, 244, 245; Criteria of
Good, 246; Dangers in, 247; all Aris-
tocratic, 248; Our Own, 248.
Governor, 88, 90, 102-3, 135, 337.
Governor's Council 93, 295.
Grand Jury, 31, 32, 60, 77, 131, 230.
Great Britain, 106, 110, 124, 149, 360.

Green's History of English People,
21, 67.

Guaranties to States, 219, 252; in
Business, 252, 265, 267.

Habeas Corpus, 54, 64, 170, 290.
Hamilton. Alexander, 118, 199, 227.
Health, Boards of, Town, (Super-
visors); Village, 36; City, 42; State,
98,322.

High Seas, 158, 211, 348.

Historical Reviews, 19, 23, 67, 105,
110-120.

Homestead, how Secure a, 342.
House of Representatives, State, 80,
86, 102; U. S., Establishment, 123;
Election and Term, 125; Qualifica-
tions, 126, 127; Apportionment, 128,
240, 316; Vacancies, 130; Sole Pow-
ers, 130, 149, 183.

Houses in Legislative Body, why
Two, 88, 124.

How-Trial Conducted, 25-33, 59-64;

Probate Business Transacted, 54-
58; Copyright Obtained, 316; Pat-
ent Secured, 317; Alien becomes
Citizen, 317; Citizens are Protected
Abroad, 321; at Home, 322; Elec-
tions Conducted, 323; Nomina-
tions Made, 198, 326; Congress
Organizes, 328; Contested Elec-
tions are Settled, 330; Impeach-
ment is Tried, 331; Senators
Elected, 333; Electoral Vote Count-
ed, 334; Extradition, 337; Court
Martial, 338; Territories, 339; U. S.
Survey, 340; Secure Public Lands,
342; Slavery Abolished, 343; Laws
Made, 341; Ambassadors "Re-
ceived," £50; States Created, 72.

Ignorance of Law no Excuse, 249.
Illinois, Local Government, 54, 70;

Minority

Representation,

81:

Franchise, 300-1; Slavery in, 343;
Representation in Congress, 316;
Survey of, 342.

Immigration, Board of, 98.

Immunities, of Legislators, 84; of
Members of Congress, 145; of Citi-
zens, 215.

Impeachment, 89, 103, 130, 138, 139,
2.3, 331.

Implied Powers, 164, 165.

Incorporation, of Town, 16; of Vil-
lage, 35; of City, 39; of County, 45; of
State, 72; of U. S., 121; of Business
or Private Corporations, 258.
Indiana, 292-300, 316, 342.
Indians, 154.

Indictment, 60, 77, 131, 230, 290, 337.
Insurance Commissioner, 95, 102-3.
Insurrection, 162.

Intercourse, International, 348.

Interest Rates and Usury Laws, 299.

Interior, Secretary of, 196, 306.
International Law, 346-354.

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Jefferson, Thomas, 184, 340.
Jevons' Money and the Mechanism
of Exchange, referred to, 166.
Johnson, Andrew, 73, 199, 241, 333.
Journal, Houses to keep and pub-
lish, 84, 143.

Judges, 22, 102-3; of U. S., 206, 307-9.
Judgment, in Trial, 28; in Impeach-
ment, 138.

Judicial Power, Local, 24, 29; Coun-
ty, 54, 58; State, 99, 102-3; U.S., 207,
210, 237.

Jurisdiction of a Nation, 158, 348.
Jury, 23, 26, 60, 63, 101, 210, 231, 223, 276,
279.

Justice, Primitive Modes, 19; of
Peace, 15, 273, 277; Court Proceed-
ings, 24, 277, 281.

Justices of U.S. Supreme Court, 307.

Kansas, 54, 292-300, 316, 342.
Kentucky, 218, 292-300, 316.

Lalor's Cyclopedia, 118, 165, 170, 244,
337.

Law-making, 91, 149, 344.

Law of Nations, 158, 346-354.

Laws, Forbidden, 77, 87, 169–177, 212,
228-235.

Legal Tender, 165, 174.
Legislation, Exclusive of Congress,
163.

Legislation Power, in States, 80, 292;
in U. S., 123; in Territories, 292, 339.
Letters, of Marque and Reprisal,
159, 174, 352, 354; Testamentary, 56,
288.

Libel, 236, 323.

Liberty Protected, 64, 170, 230, 238,290,
323.

Librarian, State, 96, 102-3.
Lieber's Civil Liberty, 65, 231.
Lieutenant Governor, 91, 162–3, 204.
Life Protected, 50, 230, 322.
Limited Partnerships, 256.
Lincoln, Abraham, 363.

Lists of Electoral Votes, 186, 334.
Local Self-Government, 13-104, 123.
Local Officers as State Officers, 103.
Losing Citizenship, 320.

Macy's Our Government, 22, 66, 70.
Madison, James, 118, 227.
Maine, 218, 292–300, 316.
Majority, 35, 142, 183, 185, 294.

Maritime Jurisdiction, 207, 211, 348.
Maryland, 116, 292-300, 316.
Massachusetts, 116, 218, 292–300, 316,
325, 343.
Mayor, 41.

Measures, Weights and, 155.
Mecklenburg Resolutions, 358.
Meetings of Congress, 141, 338.
Meridians of Survey, 340-2.

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National Indebtedness, 223, 241.
National Supremacy, 121, 154, 155,
159-165, 174-7, 224.

Naturalization, 155, 239, 290, 319, 349.
Navy, 161, 311; Secretary of, 196, 306.
Nebraska, 292–300, 317, 342.
Negotiability, 262.
Neutrals, 353-4.

New Hampshire, 218, 292-300, 317,343.
New States, 72, 217, 339.

New York, 218, 292-300, 317, 343.
Nobility, Titles of, 76, 173, 174.
Nominations, 182, 198, 326.
North American Review, 65.
North Carolina, 169, 218-9, 226, 292-
300, 317.

North Dakota, 292-301, 307–311.
Northwest Territory, 340, 343.
Notes, Commercial, 261, 262.
Notices, of Election, 16, 17, 35, 40, 48,
270, 273, 324; for Roads, 17, 18, 274;
Suminons, 25, 277; Probate Court,
55, 56, 57, 286-289; for Commercial
Paper, 265; of Constable's Sale, 283;
of Ownership of Land, 48.

Oath, of Office, 192, 224, 272, 282, 329;
in Impeachment Trial, 139; to Ju-
rors, 27, 282; to Witness, 27, 282; to
Complainant, 284.
Ohio, 292-300, 317, 342.
Oil Inspector, 97.
Oligarchy, 244, 245.

One-fifth may call for yeas and
nays, 143.

Opening tatement, in Trial, 27.
Ordeal, Trial by, 20.

Order, in Legislature, 83; in Con-
gress, 143.

Ordinances, Village, 36; City, 41; the
Ordinance of 1787, 218, 343.
Oregon, 292-300, 317.

Origin of Town, 13, 68; of County,
43, 68; of Village, 34; of City, 38; of
the Constitution, 115; of Govern-
ment, 9; of Consuls, 321.

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