opinion on this subject, not understanding, as I now do, what a strong hold the question has acquired in the minds of the middle classes, and of those just above them. But I see much that alarms me in their forgetfulness of the example of the French revolution; and I am more than ever anxious to avoid a theoretical basis of representation, whether of numbers, taxation, or property, as leading to republicanism, and on that account should be glad to retain a great variety (as we always have had) of qualifications in our representative system. I lay great stress upon the word retain, because I believe it is hardly possible to create them anew, and their importance, upon that very account, seems not to have been sufficiently estimated.

In making this explicit statement of my opinions, I hope I have not misinterpreted your lordship's letter. I shall be always happy to answer any inquiry, and to receive from your lordship any communication of your own views; and, with sentiments of sincere respect and gratitude, I subscribe myself,

Your lordship's most obliged and faithful servant,
E. LLANDAFF.

'October 22, 1831. Soon after my return to Llansanfraed, I was advised by friends not to go to Abergavenny, as it was likely the populace would offer some insult, and perhaps violence. This advice has been frequently repeated. The spirit of all the populous towns is strong against the bishops, and this spirit is inflamed by the speeches of gentlemen at public meetings.'

'October 31, Monday. Heard of the dreadful riots at Bristol yesterday; the destruction of the mansion-house, the custom-house, the excise, the bishop's palace, the gaols, and fifty private houses. My own servants seem to think it likely that this house may be attacked. A mob of halfa-dozen would be enough to demolish it and all within it. The only precaution I have taken is to have a round hat

and a brown great coat in readiness, should it be expedient to escape at the back of the house over the fields. No indication of hostility or disrespect in the manners of the country people.'

'November 14. Attended a public meeting in the townhall at Usk, to consider of measures for preventing the introduction of the cholera, now certainly increasing at Sunderland. Voted into the chair; a marked disposition seemed to be manifested to give me a respectful reception.

'December 5. Having now spent six weeks in the most delightful tranquillity, in good health, and enjoying the society of the neighbouring gentry and clergy at my own house (for I did not dine out once), I proceeded towards London to keep my residence at St. Paul's. Parliament was to open on the sixth, but this would not draw me there.' The following, to the Rev. J. M. Traherne, may well find a place here, and particularly the sentiment at the close of it:

My dear Sir,

Deanery, St. Paul's, December 22, 1831.

I beg you will present my best thanks to Mrs. Traherne for the elegant drawing I have just received of the episcopal chair at Toul.* The object is well worthy of such an artist, and I shall preserve the drawing as a memorial of her taste and of your friendship. But the days are gone by, I fear, for exciting an interest in behalf of the dignity and solemnity of that office, otherwise it might serve as a pattern, if not for Llandaff, yet for some cathedral hitherto ill provided with this appropriate furniture. My residence at Llansanfraed was delightful. I quitted the place with regret for the less agreeable abode I now occupy in the heart of the city. But there is something in the idea of

On the Moselle.

being where it is your duty to be that tends powerfully to reconcile one to circumstances, which, if they were purely depending on our own choice, would be intolerable.

Believe me to be ever,

My dear Sir,

Most truly yours,

E. LLANDAFF.

'December 6. Called on my aunt C

I found cheerful and well, in her 85th year.'

at Bath, whom

'December 10. Attended the Royal Academy to hear Sir Martin Shee's first Discourse, a revival of Sir Joshua Reynolds' practice. The presidents after Reynolds read only Lectures to the students. This was an eloquent and well written discourse. As Professor of Ancient History I sat, during the lecture, among the members of the academy.'

'December 27. To Ham House, the Countess of Dysart's, to dine with Mr. G. Sinclair, who married her granddaughter. A most interesting visit. The house is still in the style of Charles the Second's reign, superbly furnished, and full of pictures and family relics of the 17th century.'

'January 5, 1832. To Ham House, a second visit, taking Mr. G. Sinclair with me. Sir Augustus D'Este (a striking likeness of his uncle George IV.) dined there, and Sir Charles Wetherell. A most agreeable visit. Mr. S. is one of the best read, most lively, cheerful, and unassuming men I have met with.'

'January 7. Called on Lord Sidmouth in my way home; he showed me the house, commenting upon the pictures, busts, &c., and giving several interesting anecdotes.'

'January 28. Dr. Whately, archbishop of Dublin, dined here privately, with H. B—. His first visit to England since he has taken possession of the see, his errand being to give evidence before the Irish Tithes Committee.'

'January 29. Heard Benson preach a very impressive sermon at the Temple Church, on Christ's discourse with the woman at Samaria.'

'January 30. Heard Archbishop Whately's examination of three hours before the Irish Tithes Committee. He gave his evidence with great clearness, precision, and impartiality.'

February 22. On this day, following the example of almost all the bishops, left off my wig.'

April 11. Spoke shortly in the debate on the second reading of the Reform Bill, after the bishop of Exeter's eloquent speech. My chief object was to separate the Irish bill from the English bill, which he had treated as one measure, and had represented those who supported the English bill as acting injuriously to the Irish church.'

It must have been during this session that the bishop made that defence of an absent friend which is noticed in the following letter, and which I am much pleased, for the reader's sake, to be permitted to insert.

My dear Lord,

.

Dublin, 9th Sept. 1832.

I was just going to write you one of my scraps when yours arrived. Lord Grey tells me that he fully expects there will not be another session of this parliament. I think if anything can induce that rashlycautious man, the Archbishop of to adopt my views, it must be their extreme moderation. I not only propose no specific reform, but do not even declare that any is wanted; only a regular legislative government of the church-call it convocation, synod, assembly, or what you will. The bishops are governors of the church only in the same sense that justices of the peace are of the state: the king is supreme in all causes, ecclesiastical as well as civil; and in the former, as well as in the latter, his single

power, his proclamations and orders in council, are not laws. The utmost stretch of prerogative only amounts (and a great stretch it is) to a dispensing power, not an enforcing; the appointing of festivals and fasts, and of occasional forms of prayer, amounts to a dispensing power against the act of uniformity, q. v. The king, in conjunction with parliament, has no business to legislate for the church; no one else has any right to do so. Did I ever tell you that Lord B said he never heard you speak so well as in defending me? You will, I dare say, have more calls to plunge in after me, for I expect a most determined, most able, and most unscrupulous opponent in fully believe in his sincerity in declaring that he regarded my zeal in behalf of truth as rendering me particularly unsafe. But though I am proud to have been a means of calling forth your powers, I trust the cause of the church will do no less. The winds and the waves are indeed boisterous, but when our Master calls us, we shall not sink unless we want faith and are afraid.

I

In one of your letters, you allude to your publication on the currency: it may be right to mention a remark I have heard, that Tooke's work on High and Low Prices being written in great measure as a reply to it, it created some wonder that in your republication you made no allusion to it.

Ever yours affectionately,
R. DUBLIN.

In July of this year the bishop paid his usual summer visit to his relations in Devonshire, and then repaired to Llansanfraed, where in August he writes thus:

'The remainder of the month I spent very happily here, the cheerful tranquillity and privacy of this spot being more charming to me than ever-the weather fine-the