Cutaneous Laser Surgery: The Art and Science of Selective Photothermolysis

ablation absorption Acad Dermatol alexandrite alexandrite laser anesthesia Apfelberg DB Arch Dermatol argon laser average beam Candela Candela FLPD laser Candela PDPL capillary carbon dioxide laser cell carcinoma clinical CO₂ CO2 laser coagulation cosmetic cutaneous vascular depth dermal Dermatol Surg Oncol dermis diameter dye laser effects epidermal excision exposure Fitzpatrick fluence Goldman MP healing hemangiomas histologic hyperpigmentation hypertrophic scarring Invest Dermatol irradiation J/cm² keratoses laser pulses laser safety laser surgery laser therapy laser treatment Lasers Surg lesions melanin melanocytes melanosomes msec Nd:YAG laser nevi nevus nsec occur particles patients Pediatr photothermolysis pigmented lesions Plast Reconstr Surg port-wine stains procedure pulse duration pulsed dye laser PWSS Q-switched ruby laser reported response rhinophyma ruby laser sclerotherapy selective photothermolysis skin spot superficial superpulsed surgical target tattoo pigment tattoo removal technique telangiectatic thermal damage thermal relaxation tissue treated area treatment of port-wine treatment sessions vascular lesions veins wavelength