Cause and Explanation in Ancient Greek ThoughtClarendon Press, 03 դեկ, 1998 թ. - 516 էջ R. J. Hankinson traces the history of ancient Greek thinking about causation and explanation, from its earliest beginnings around 600 BC through to the middle of the first millennium of the Christian era. The ancient Greeks were the first Western civilization to subject the ideas of cause and explanation to rigorous and detailed analysis, and to attempt to construct theories about them on the basis of logic and experience. Hankinson examines the ways in which they dealt with questions about how and why things happen as and when they do, about the basic constitution and structure of things, about function and purpose, laws of nature, chance, coincidence, and responsibility. Such diverse questions are unified by the fact that they are all demands for an account of the world that will render it amenable to prediction and control; they are therefore at the root of both philosophical and scientific enquiry. Hankinson draws on a wide range of original sources, in philosophy, natural sciences, medicine, history, and the law, in order to create a synoptic picture of the growth and development of these central concepts in the Graeco-Roman world. |
Բովանդակություն
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II Science and Sophistry | 51 |
III Plato | 84 |
Explanation and Nature | 125 |
Explanation and the World | 160 |
VI The Atomists | 201 |
VII The Stoics | 238 |
IX Explanation in the Medical Schools | 295 |
X The Age of Synthesis | 323 |
XI Science and Explanation | 364 |
XII The Neoplatonists | 404 |
List of Abbreviated Principles | 449 |
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according action activity actual allow animals antecedent appears argues argument Aristotelian Aristotle Aristotle's atoms basic basis become bodies causal cause claim comes concept concerned considered containing continuous determinism direction disease distinct distinguish divine doctrine earth effect elements empirical Empiricists equally eternal everything evidence existence explanation fact fate final fire follows force function fundamental further Galen genuine give Greek hand Heavens hence hold human individual intelligible involves later least less material matter merely Metaphysics Mind Moreover motion move nature necessary necessity objects observation occurs original particular perhaps philosophical physical Plato position possible principle produce properties providence question reason refers relation requires responsible result seems sense simply soul Stoics structure substance suggests supposed theory things thought true turn universe whole