The Art of Tanning Leather ...Baker & Godwin, printers, 1857 - 262 էջ |
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Common terms and phrases
1st ingredient 3d ingredient 5th ingredient applied bating beam-house CALF SKINS cent chapter chemical cog-wheels color Composition number currying DAVID H denominate depilation diameter Dissolve these ingredients engraving in front epidermis EXAMPLE OF TANNING false bottom feet in length feet long feet wide fibrine finished flesh side gallic acid gelatine gluten ground bark hair side handled harness leather hide mill hot water improvement inches ingredients as usual ingredients in hot kinds of leather labor leaches leather tanned let them remain LETTERS PATENT lime manufacture of leather material mechanics old method operation paddle-wheels placed plunge pounds prepared process of tanning purpose quality of leather quantity of bark run of bark salt Schuylkill River shaft slats soft softening sole leather sole-leather soluble solution strength strong bark liquor substances sufficient quantity tanner tannic acid tannin tanning liquor texture thickness tion unhairing upper wheel wood engraving
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Էջ 251 - PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, have caused these letters to be made Patent, and the Seal of the GENERAL LAND OFFICE to be hereunto affixed.
Էջ 116 - sweating," the character of the hides and the temperature are essential, but ever-varying, considerations. As a general rule, however, the milder the process of preparing the hides for the bark, the better. Unnecessarily severe or prolonged treatment is inevitably attended with a loss of gelatine, and a consequent loss of weight and strength in the leather. Too high a temperature is particularly to be avoided.
Էջ 115 - In the impossibility of adopting fixed rules to the innumerable variety of cases, nothing can be depended upon but the judgment of the practical tanner. In softening hides, and preparing them for the process of tanning, a great deal also depends upon the judgment of the person superintending the operation, inasmuch as the diversities in the qualities and characteristics of hides render it impossible to subject them to anything more than a general mode of treatment. In " sweating," the character of...
Էջ 113 - Much care and judgment is requisite in proportioning the continually increasing strength of the liquors to the requirements of the leather in the different stages of this process. The liquors should also be kept as cool as possible, within certain limits ; but ought never to exceed a temperature of eighty degrees. In fact, a much lower temperature is the maximum point, if the liquor is very strong — too high a heat, with a liquor too strongly charged with the tanning principle, being invariably...
Էջ 250 - March one thousand eight hundred and thirty-one, the full and exclusive right and liberty of making, constructing, using and vending to others to be used...
Էջ 96 - Most of the substances belonging to our globe are constantly undergoing alterations in sensible qualities, and one variety of matter becomes, as it were, transmuted into another. Such changes, whether natural or artificial, whether slowly or rapidly performed, are called chemical. Thus, the gradual and almost imperceptible decay of the leaves...
Էջ 251 - City, this fifth day of March, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty-seven, and of the independence of the United States of America, the eighty-first.
Էջ 112 - On the other hand, however, the effects of an early application of " ooze," that is too strong and too warm, to green hides, is very injurious. It contracts the surface fibres of the skin, tanning at once the external layers, so " dead," as it is termed, as to shut up the pores, and prevent the tanning from penetrating the interior.
Էջ 249 - Rubber fabrics, which, he states, has not been known or used before his application ; has made oath that he is a citizen of the United States...
Էջ 249 - The United States of America To All to Whom These Letters Patent Shall Come: Whereas, Theodore R.