9-articulatæ, in medio crassiores, articulis 3 ultimis clavam parvam subconicam formantibus; collare capite et thorace multo angustius; abdomen thorace minus, longe pedunculatum, spatuliforme, depressum; tarsi tetrameri.

Head large; antennæ 9-jointed, the 4th, 5th, and 6th joints the broadest, hairy, the three terminal joints forming a small attenuated mass; collar much narrower than the head and thorax; abdomen smaller than the thorax, with a long footstalk, depressed; tarsi 4-jointed.

Sp. 1. Deróst. gémmeus West. Nitidus; capite thoraceque splendide igneo-cupreis, hoc postice æneo; abdomine æneo, maculâ magnâ baseos albidâ; antennis fuscis; pedibus subalbis; alis immaculatis.

Long. corp. 1 lin.. Exp. alar. 12 lin. Habitat prope Ensham, Aug. 1826, &c.

Head and thorax of a splendid fiery copper colour, the latter brassy at the extremity; abdomen æneous, with a large basal whitish spot; antennæ brown; legs whitish; wings unspotted.

MYRMECOMO RPHUS Westw., ad Gonatópides pertinere videtur. Caput oblongo-rotundatum depressum antice tuberculatum ; ocellis nullis ; antennæ corporis longitudine, 10-articulatæ, cylindricæ, articulo primo capitis longitudine; thorax capite duplo longior; alarum rudimentis vix conspicuis; collari fere quadrato; abdomen magnum ovatum; pedes crassi; tarsi antici haud raptorii, postici longissimi; palpi max. 3-, labiales 2-articulati.

Head rounded-oblong, depressed, with a frontal tubercle; ocelli none; antennæ as long as the body, 10-jointed, cylindric, and filiform, the first joint as long as the head; maxillary palpi 3-, labial 2-jointed; thorax twice as long as the head; rudiments of wings scarcely visible; collar nearly square; abdomen much larger than the thorax, ovate; legs thick; the anterior tarsi not raptorial, the posterior long.

Spec. 1. Myr. rufescens Westw. Rufo-ferrugineus, obscurus, subpubescens; antennis pedibusque paullo pallidioribus.

Long, corp. 17 lin. Dorking; G. R. Waterhouse, Esq.

Brick-coloured red, not shining, subpubescent; with the antennæ and legs paler.

GONA'TOPUS (Ljungh) sepsöìdes Westw. Niger, nitidus; facie antennarumque basi flavidis; capite postice abdominisque macula basali fulvis; pedibus sordide ochreis, tibiis anticis concoloribus; femoribus anticis basi, intermediis lineâ inferâ, posticisque summo apice supra, piceis; tarsis apice fuscis (aptera, thorace binodoso).

Long. corp. 1 lin. Habitat apud Blackgang Chine, Insula Vectis.

Black, shining; face and base of antennæ yellow; hinder part of the head and basal spot of the abdomen fulvous; legs dirty ochre, anterior tibiæ being of the same colour; the base of the anterior thighs, a line on the under side of the intermediate thighs, and the upper side of the posterior at the tips, pitchy; tarsi brown at the tips. Isle of Wight, Aug.

Gonátopus (Ljungh) oratorius West. Rufo-testaceus; abdomine, oculis, verticeque, nigris; antennis nigris basi flavidis ; tarsis apice fuscis (aptera thorace binodoso).

Long. corp. lin. Habitat prope Ripley, com. Surrej.

Palish red; the crown of the head, eyes, abdomen, and antennæ black; the latter yellow at the base; tarsi brown at the tips.

Gonátopus (Ljungh) Ljunghi Westw., cum Gonátopo formicario Ljungh (nec Drymus formicàrius Latr.), ut a Dalmanno descripto in

* Myrmica, a genus of ants, and morphe, form; from its ant-like form.

Analecta Entomologica, fere notis omnibus convenit, at tibiæ anticæ subtus lineâ nigrâ sunt notatæ.

Long. corp. 14 lin. Habitat Wimbledon Common. An species distinctâ?

Nearly resembles Gonátopus formicàrius; but the anterior tibiæ have a dark line on the under side.

ANTE ON? (Jurine) excìsus Westw. Niger, obscurus; capite antice (subtus antennas) angulariter producto, postice valde emarginato; antennis nigris, articulo primo brevi; alis hyalinis, stigmate nigrescenti angusto; pedibus obscure testaceis; coxis totis femoribusque (nisi basi et apice) nigro-piceis, pedibus posticis obscurioribus,

.

Long. corp. 14 lin. Expans. alar. 24 lin. Habitat prope Cantabrigiam, Jul., 1833.

Black not shining; the lower part of the face angularly produced in front; the hinder part of the head deeply emarginate, the posterior angles acute; the antennæ black, with the basal joint scarcely longer than the second; wings hyaline, with a blackish very narrow stigma, the stigmal nerve running nearly to the tip of the wing; legs dirty testaceous; the entire coxæ and thighs (except at the base and tips) pitchy black, the hinder legs the darkest.

I am, Sir, yours, &c.

The Grove, Hammersmith, Sept., 1833.

J. O. WESTWOOD.

ART. V. Illustrations in British Zoology. By GEORGE JOHNSTON, M.D., Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.

15. PLUMULA`RIA CATHARI'NA. (fig. 61.)

A SPECIMEN of this feather coralline, so large and perfect as that selected for the present illustration, rarely occurs; but smaller specimens are not uncommon in Berwick Bay; and I have seen the same from the Frith of Forth, in the collection of my friend Dr. Coldstream of Leith. It has been hitherto confounded with the Plumulària pinnata or setacea of Lamarck, which have the same outward habit, and rival it in delicacy and beauty; but the minuter characters are so dissimilar, that no doubt can be entertained of the distinctness of these species from one another.

Dr. Fleming, in his History of British Animals, has reduced Pl. pinnata and setàcea to one species; and I adopted this opinion in my catalogue of the zoophytes of North Durham, published in the Transactions of the Natural History Society of Newcastle [and noticed in this Magazine, Vol. V. p. 702.]. I am now satisfied that, in so doing, I was in error; and, with a view of correcting this error, but more especially of pointing out with greater precision the distinctions between the species under consideration, I will here subjoin their cha

1. Pl. pinnata Lamarck. Stem simple, erect, plume-like, pinnate; pinnæ alternate, slightly arched, three originating from each joint of the stem; cells unilateral, uniserial, rather distant, campanulate, leaning; the mouth wide and entire.

2. Pl. setacea Lamarck. Stem simple, slightly waved, plume-like, pinnate; pinnæ alternate, arched, one originating at each ringed joint; cells very remote, campanulate, with an even margin; vesicles elliptical, axillary.

3. Pl. Catharina Johnston. Stem simple, erect, plumelike, pinnate; pinnæ opposite, erecto-patent, bent inwards; cells uniserial, distant, campanulate, with an even margin, and intervening tooth-like cells; vesicles solitary, scattered, pear-shaped, stalked. (fig. 62.)

Plumulària Catharina grows in deep water, attached to old shells, gravel, &c.; or, as in the present instance, to the

Ascídia conchílega. It is of a white colour, and very delicate; expanding like a fine feather, and rising from 1 in. to 4 in. in height. The main stalk is always simple, and the branches or pinnæ are generally so; but sometimes they become compound. They are always opposite; and, instead of being arched, they bend inwards, so as to render the general form of the coralline concave on a front view: an appearance produced by their originating, not from the sides, but from the anterior face of the stem. The stem itself is straight or slightly bent, tubular, jointed, pellucid, filled with a granular fluid matter; and, in which it differs from its congeners, bear

62

ing cells, there being always one at the base and between the insertion of the pinnæ, and generally another on the naked interval between · them. Between the cells there is a series of minute tubular or tooth-like cells, visible only with a high magnifier. The ovarian vesicles are produced in summer: they are stalked, shaped like a pear or vase, solitary, scattered, and always The little polypes were visible within their cups; but, although kept in fresh sea-water, they never ventured to protrude their tentacula, or to relax themselves sufficiently to permit their being described.

originating at the base of a polype cell.

The specific name, so far as I am aware, sins against no rule of nomenclature; and I have a peculiar pleasure in affixing to so elegant a species the Christian name of the lady to whose pencil the reader is indebted for the present series of illustrations [begun in Vol. V. p. 43.]: and if he has taken any interest in them, or shall find them of any service in his researches, he will not grudge me my pleasure; far less will he attempt to rob the lady of the compliment, such as it is, and which has often been bestowed where it was less merited.

Berwick upon Tweed, Aug. 1. 1833.

ART. VI. Facts in relation to the Reproductive Economy of the Mistletoe (Viscum álbum L.). By the Rev. J. S. HENSLOW, A.M., King's Professor of Botany in the University of Cambridge, &c.

Sir,

As every thing connected with the history of the mistletoe is interesting, I send you a slight sketch* (fig. 63.) of a fact, which I have just noticed in the mode of its propagating on a tree to which it has become attached. The specimen was cut from a crab tree in the botanic garden, particularly infested with this parasite; and, as it seemed impossible to suppose the numerous plants which were upon it could all have originated from seeds scattered over the surface of the bark, I examined a branch; and found that a connection existed between some of the plants upon it, by means of dark green strings extending from one to another through the substance of the bark. strings gave off other portions of a lighter colour, at right angles to their own direction, into the woody part of the tree. I should think, therefore, that there can be no doubt of the mistletoe being propagated somewhat in the manner of those like the potato, possess rhizomata, from whose surface young plants are

terrestrial plants which, or underground stems, developed at intervals.

Cambridge, Aug. 20. 1833.

I am, Sir, yours, &c.

These

J. S. HENSLOW.

In relation to the habits and to habitats of the mistletoe, but not farther connected with the above most interesting discovery respecting the reproductive economy of this plant, some notices will be found in Vol. II. p. 294., and Vol. V. p. 48. 503. and 505. Some facts on the conditions exhibited by some young plants of mistletoe, raised from seeds in the Oxford Botanic Garden, have been recently published in Baxter's British Flowering Plants.-J. D.

a, Plant of mistletoe. stance of the bark. c, wood of the crab tree

bb, Strings (or rhizomata?) given off by the plant, into the subSections of roots descending from the removed portion of b into the d, Young plant, originating in a string, similar to b e, Section of

a root of a plant as large as a, penetrating the wood.