Crown-
627; declaration to be made by
King or Queen on succession to, ib.
and 628, n.; legal prerogatives of the,
646; resolutions of Mr. Dunning on
the influence of the, 655; revenues of,
660.

Crown debts, clause as to, in Magna

Charta, 133.

Crown lands placed at the disposal of
parliament, 663, and n.
Curia Regis, its administration organ-

ized, 79; reorganized by Henry II.,
87; its constitution and powers, 145
-title of its members, 146, n. 1; its
changes under Henry II., 150; its
division into three courts, ib.-mean-
ing of the words, 151, n. 1, 210.
Custodes pacis, office of, 182.
Cyning, or King, title of, assumed by

the Teutonic leaders, 7; meaning of
the word, 26, n.

DAMAREE and Purchase, case of,
361, n.

Danby (Thomas Osborne, Earl of),
case of the impeachment of, A.D.
1679, 497-99, n.

Danby's party, 1688, their opinions,
616.

Danegeld, cost of mercenary troops de-
frayed by a, 72 and ib. n. 1; revived
by Richard I., 93; the nature of,
146 and ib. n. 2.

Danes closely allied in race, language,
&c., to the Germans, 3; invasions of
the, hasten the consolidation of the
various kingdoms, 9; similarity of
their institutions to those of the Eng-
lish, 10; limits of their occupation
defined by the treaty of Alfred and
Guthrum, 10; reduced to submission,
ib.; fresh attacks from, 11; English
royal house supplanted by the, ib.
Darnel (Sir Thomas), case of, A. D.,

Debates-

theory a breach of privilege, 688;
political results of reporting, 689;
right of a newspaper to publish a fair
and faithful report of, determined,
691.

Debt, pleas of, King's court to have
jurisdiction over, 90.

Declaration for Liberty of Conscience,
issued by James II., 1687, 612; its
motive mistrusted by the Noncon-
formists, ib. ; a second one published,
613; ordered to be read in all
churches, ib.; petition of the Seven
Bishops against this order, ib.; their
imprisonment, prosecution, and ac-
quittal, ib.

'Declaration of Right,' drawn up,
1688-9, 619; embodied as an Act,
"The Bill of Rights," 621.

'De Haeretico Comburendo,' enacted
on the petition of the clergy alone,
232, n. I; the statute passed, 2
Henry IV. c. 15, 379-abolished 29
and 30 Car. II. c. 9.-380, n. I.
'De Mercatoribus,' Stat. 11 Edward
I., 227.

De Montfort's parliament, A.D. 1265,

not the origin of popular representa-
tion,' 215.

De Montfort (Simon), founder of the
House of Commons, 220-admits
representatives of towns, ib. career
of, ib. n. 4.

Denalagu, the, region where the Dan-
ish law was in force, 10.

De odio et atia writ, to be given gratis, 117.
Derby (Earl of), on the House of Lords

and public opinion, 670, n.

'De Tallagio non Concedendo' not an
actual statute, 236 and ib. n. 3.
Digges (Sir Dudley), committed to the
Tower by Charles I. 512; deserts the
popular party, 527-made Master of
the Rolls, ib.

Disfranchising statute, the first, 8
Henry VI. c. 7, 313.
Dispensing power of the Crown, 289;
the prerogative assumed by James II.,
610; decision of the judges in favour
of it, 611; its exercise declared ille-
gal by the Bill of Rights, 623.
Dissenters. See Nonconformists.
Dissenters' Marriage Act, 1836, 696.
Divine right of Kings, theory of the,
463; adopted by the hierarchy ib.
n. 2; elaborated into a system by
Filmer, ib. n. 3.
Domesday Book, 56, n. 1.

Domesday Survey decreed, 55; its
quick completion, fulness, and accu-
racy, 56.

Dover, the secret treaty of, 1670,
entered into by Charles II. with
Louis XIV., 596.

Duces, leaders in war, authority based
on personal valour, 5.
Dunning (Mr.), his celebrated resolu-
tions, 1780, on the influence of the
Crown, 655.

EADGAR crowned King of all Eng-
land, 10.

Eadward the Confessor recommends

Harold to be his successor, 45; laws
of, renewed by William the Con-
queror, 66; and granted to the nation
at large by Henry I., 76.
Ealdorman, a title of the Teutonic
leaders, 7.

Earldoms, power of the great, under

Cnut and Eadward the Confessor, 44;
abolished, 57.

Earls, jurisdiction of, restricted, 57.
Ecclesiastical abuses, 384; statutes in
restraint of probate fees and of mor-
tuaries, 387; of pluralities, non-resi-
dence, and clerical trading, 388; of
the citation of persons out of the
diocese in which they reside, 392; of
appeals to the Pope, 394.
Ecclesiastical affairs in England in-
fluenced by those in Scotland, 433.
Ecclesiastical appeals not to go further
than the archbishop, without the
King's consent, 92.

Ecclesiastical causes, Court of Com-
missioners for, established by James
II., 611.
Ecclesiastical courts, established by
William the Conquerer, 70; juris-
diction of, 90; appeal from the, to
Rome, forbidden, 395; the course of
appeal regulated, ib. ; commissioners
to hear and determine finally ap-
pointed, 396; termed the Delegates
of Appeals, and only superseded by
2 and 3 William IV., C. 92,
ib. n. 1; bill introduced into the
House of Commons for the reform
of the, 447; deprived of the power
to inflict fine, imprisonment, &c.,
553

Ecclesiastical divisions, 21.
Ecclesiastical elections only nominally
free, 103.

Ecclesiastical polity of Elizabeth, 411.

Ecclesiastical Preferments: right of the

Pope to nominate to; conceded by
John, 370; greatly abused under
Henry III., 371.

Ecgberht, King of the West Saxons, 9.
Edward I., A.D. 1272-1307, our Eng-
lish Justinian, 184; preferred great
councils to parliaments, 225; his
first general parliament, 1275, ib.; his
capacity for government, 233, n. 1 ; a
grand remonstrance presented to,
234; confirms the "Confirmatio
Chartarum."
Edward II., A.D. 1307-27, his de-
position the work of the barons,
sanctioned by parliament, 243.
Edward III., A.D. 1327-77, his ille-
galities and disregard of constitutional
formalities, 245-250.

Edward IV., A.D. 1460-73, elected
King, 199; long suspension of parlia-
ment during his reign, 329; forces
contributions under the name of benevo-
lences from the richer classes, 329.
Edward VI., A.D., 1547-53, the re-
ligious reformation under, 409.
Election, the principle of, introduced, 96.
Election and representation, at an early

period familiar to the nation, 214.
Elections, systematic attempts to in-
fluence, 284; right of the Commons
to determine contested, 306, et. seq.;
election cases, 308, et. seq. ; abuse of
the exclusive jurisdiction of the Com-
mons in, 312; trial of controverted,
transferred to the Judges of the Sup.
C. L. Courts, ib.; qualifications of
members for boroughs, 316; the elec-
tors in boroughs, ib. et. seq.; open
interference of the Crown in, 368;
first precedent for the punishment of
bribery at, in Long's case, A. D. 1571,
455; interference of James I. in,
465; the House of Commons vindi-
cate their right to determine contested,
ib; answers of constituencies sought
to be influenced by James I., 473, n. 2.
Electors, the Commons claim the right
to determine the rights of, 310, et, seq.;
contest on this subject with the
Lords, 311; case of the Aylesbury
men,' ib. ; first statutes regulating the
qualifications of, 312.

Eliot, Hollis and Valentine, case of, 5
Charles I., 298.

Eliot (Sir John), committed to the
Tower by Charles I., 512; again with
other members of parliament im-
prisoned and fined, 526-7 and 16, n. 1.

Elizabeth, A.D. 1558-1603, her title to
the Crown, 203; question as to her
legitimacy, ib. n. 1; Act passed on her
accession, 204; importance of the
period spanned by her reign, 411; her
government despotic, ib.; her ecclesias-
tical polity, ib.; enforces strict con-
formity to the established religion, 417;
her title to the throne purely parlia
mentary, 421; Bull of Pius V. ex-
communicating, 422; plots against
her life, 426; statute passed for her
protection, ib.; Romish tendencies
of, 429, n. 1; civil government of,
434; her economy, 440; her conflict
with parliament as to the succession,
443.

Empson and Dudley, agents of Henry
VII.'s extortions, 343; executed by
Henry VIII., ib.

English (The), origin of, I; constitution

of the nation, 7th to 11th century, 11;
revenge themselves on local tyrants
by assassination, 67; support William
Rufus against the baronage, 75; their
faithful support of Henry II., 85.
English institutions, gradual develop-
ment of, 43.

English language and institutions, in-

herited from our Teutonic ancestors, 3.
English laws confirmed by William the
Conqueror, 67; representative men
appointed to report on, ib.
'Englishry,' famous law of, founded on
stat. of William the Conqueror, 67.
Entail, law of, 337, n. 1.

Entick v. Carrington; general search
warrants declared illegal by Lord
Camden, 1765, 703.

Eorl, distinction between the, and the
Ceorl, 22; title probably of Jutish
origin, 25, n.; the word, supplanted
by thegn, 26.

'Equitable jurisdiction,' Lord Camp-

bell's definition of the meaning of, 169.
Escheat and forfeiture of lands, 62.
Exactions of Henry VII., 341.
Exchequer, The, constitution of the

Court of, 146; title of members of,
zb. n. 1; derivation of the name of, ib.;
sources of income of, 147; fiscal
matters confined to the, 150 and 151,

n. I.

Exchequer Chamber, Court of, 151.
Excise, on beer and other liquors, im-
posed by parliament, 582.
Excommunication, no tenant or officer
of the King to suffer, without his con-
sent, 19.

Excommunication from Rome, penal
statute of parliament providing
against, 375.

Ex-officio, the oath, 431.

FALKLAND (Lord), supports attain-
der of Strafford, 496, n.; made
Secretary of State, 567-569.
Ferrers (George), member of parlia-
ment 1543, arrested, released by the
authority of the Commons, 301-2.
Feudalism, germ of, in the relation be-
tween the princeps and his comites, 6 ;
its gradual establishment, 49; be-
comes general, 50; general through-
out Europe, 51; its origin and growth,
ib.; Church lands become subject to,
52; growth of in England, ib.; the
two chief elements of, 53; difference
between English and Continental, 54;
in England a system of tenure only,
not of government organization, 55;
struggle between royalty and, 74;
decay of, 102.

Field (Bishop of Llandaff), impeached
A.D. 1621, 494.

Filmer (Sir Robert), his famous 'Patri-
arca,' 463, n. 3.

Finch (Lord Keeper), advises the exten-
sion of ship-money' from seaports
to the whole kingdom, 533; his
judgment in Hampden's ship-money
case, 538; impeachment of, 548.
Fines on alienation, 61.

Fines ordered by Henry I. to be assessed
according to the old English laws, 76;
'pro respectu militiæ,' introduced by
Edward I., 148; the remedial statute
De militibus, 149; not abolished until
the reign of Charles II., ib.

First Fruits annexed to the Crown, 401.
Fisher (Bishop), refuses to take the

oath desired for the maintenance of
Henry VIII.'s Royal Succession Act,
400.

Fitzharris (Edward), case of the im

peachment of, A.D., 1681, 499-500, n.
Fitz-Peter (Geoffrey), Earl of Essex,
appointed justiciar, 96.

Five Members, the impeachment and
attempted arrest of, 567; articles of
the impeachment, 568, n.; illegality
of, 569; preparations made for the
arrest of, 570; arrest attempted by
the King with an armed force, 572;
thwarted by the withdrawal of the
Members from the House, ib.; design
of the attempted arrest, 575; the
real cause of the war, 576.

Five-Mile Act, 1665, 600.
Flambard (Ranulf) justiciar in the reign
of William Rufus, 74.

Fleming (Chief Baron), judgment in
Bates' case, 472.

Floyd (Edward), violent proceedings of
the House of Commons against, 496-
502.
Folkland, 12, 13; becomes terra regis,

14; King assumes the right of dis-
posing of the, 53.

Foreign merchants granted liberty to
travel or dwell in England by Magna
· Charta, 131.

Foreign service, barons deny their lia.
bility to, 234.

Forest Courts, compulsory attendance
at the, abolished by Magna Charta,

120.

Forest Laws, Charter issued by Henry
III., 137; the clauses of Magna Charta,
ib. n. 2; harshness of those intro-
duced by William the Conqueror, 68;
introduction of, traceable to Cnut, ib.;
Henry I. upholds the, 77; revived
by Charles I., 528; heavy fines in-
flicted for alleged encroachments, ib.

n. 2.

Forests, those made by Henry I. re-
stored to the realm by Stephen, 82;
extensions of the royal, annulled by
the Long Parliament, 553.
Forfeiture, lands of convicted felons
liable to, 62; abolition of, for treason
or felony, 364, n.
Fox's India Bill, 1783; Lord Temple
authorized by George III. to protest
against it in his name, 653; indigna-
tion of the Commons at this conduct,
ib.

Fox's Libel Act, 1792, 705.

France, disastrous war with, entered
into by Charles I., 515.
Franchise, popular basis of the, under
Henry IV., 313; restriction of the,
8 Henry VI., ib. (See Reform.)
Franchises, or liberties, private, 36.
Frankalmoign, or free alms, 58.
Freedom of speech, inherent in the
constitution of parliament, 294; vio-
lation of, in Haxey's case, 295;
Young's case, 33 Henry VI., 296;
Strode's case, 4 Henry VIII., ib.;
claimed by the Speaker in 1541, 297;
the privilege of, often violated, ib.;
case of Eliot, Hollis, and Valentine,
5 Charles I., 298; confirmed by the
Bill of Rights, ib.

Freedom from arrest, a privilege of

Freedom from arrest-

parliament, 299; cases 300-305;
speech of Henry VIII., 302; first
legislative recognition of, 304; abuse
of the privilege of, ib.

Freehold or Free Socage, tenure in,
63.
Freemen broadly divided into eorls
and ceorls, 22; must be attached to
some superior, 23.

Free Socage or Freehold, tenure in,
63.

French Revolution, reaction in the
growth of liberty of opinion caused
by the, 705.

Frithborh (the), or Frank pledge, 34.
Fuller (Nicholas), Bencher of Gray's Inn,
imprisoned for his argument in the
case of two Puritans, 490, n. I.
Fyrd, the, 178; revived, 179.

GAME Laws, the, sprung from the
Forest Laws of William the Con-
queror, 69.

Gau, or shire, 5.

Gaunt (John of, Duke of Lancaster),
unpopularity of his administration,
254.

Gavelkind, tenure in, 65.
General warrants declared illegal,
1765, 703.

George I. and II., their indifference
to English politics, 641; effect on
the development of the constitution,
ib.
George III., A.D. 1760-1820; his long
struggle against the ministerial system,
649; disastrous effects of his policy,
ib.; his wretched education, ib.; his
determination to govern, ib.; his
secret counsellors, 650; his arbitrary
measures, 651; organizes an opposi
tion to his ministers in parliament,
652; his great influence during Lord
North's administration, 653; pre-
pared to use the royal veto against
bills, 654; abruptly dismisses the
Coalition Ministry, 655; his critical
relations with parliament, ib.; makes
William Pitt premier, ih.; his per-
sonal influence diminished, ib.; his
refusal to pass any measure for the
relief of the Roman Catholics, 656;
his dislike of Fox, ib.
Gerefa, the, probably chosen in the
folkmoot, 17, n.

German element pre-eminent in the
English people, 1.

Germans, military valour of the, 6;
respect paid to the women, ib.;
women celebrated for chastity, ib.;
the tie of kindred strong, ib.
Germany, in the time of Tacitus divided
amongst independent tribes, 4.
Gesith, the, 22.

Glanvill (Ranulf) justiciar in reign of
Henry II., 87, n. 2.

Grand Assize, the, instituted by Henry
II., 87.

Grand Jury, the, development of, 160;

present composition of, ib. n. 3.
Grand Remonstrance, the, laid on the
table of the House, 1641, 559; Court
opposition to it, ib.; seven days' de-
bate on, ib.; carried by eleven votes,
560; Mr. Forster's description of, ib. ;
its preamble and principal clauses,
561-65; motion to print it, 566;
Mr. Palmer's 'protest,'ib.; ordered to
be printed, 567.

Grand Serjeanty, tenure by, 63; of the
same nature as the fiefs of office on
the Continent, ib. and n. 3.
Great Contract, the, proposed measure
between James I. and his parliament,
478; falls through, 479.
Greenwood (John), a clergyman, exe-
cuted for writing seditious books, 432.
Grey (Earl) vindicates the proposal of
creating new peers to pass the Reform
Bill, 670.

Grindal (Archbishop, 1575-6), seques-
tered from his see, 430.

Grotius, the claims upheld in his 'Mare
Liberum,' 532, n. I.

Guilds, analogous to our modern clubs,

18; origin of, ib.; the 'frith-gild,'
ib.; the merchant guild, 19.
Guizot (M.), remarks of, on the House
of Commons, 240, n. I.

HABEAS Corpus, the essence of, con-
tained in Magna Charta, 126; privi-
lege of parliament not available in
case of attachment for refusing to obey
a writ of, 305; any person com-
mitted by the Privy Council to have a
writ of, on application to the King's
Bench or Common Pleas, 552; the
Act of, 1679, 589; review of the
ancient remedies for illegal detention
before the passing of, ib.; their inade-
quacy, 590; provisions of the Act, 31
Car. II. c. 2, 592; of the Bill of Rights,
and 56 Geo. III. c. 100, 594; Ander-
son's case, ib.; 25 & 26 Vict. c. 20
passed in consequence, ib.

Hales' case, question raised of the dis-
pensing power of the King, 611; de-
cision of the judges in favour of the
prerogative, ib.

Halifax (Charles Montagu, Earl of),
case of the impeachment of, A.D. 1710,
500, n.

Hall (Arthur), M.P., expelled from the
House, 455.

Hampden (John), refuses to pay 'Ship-
money,' 533; his career, ib. n. i;
proceedings against in the Court of
Exchequer, arguments on the case,
534; judgment given for the Crown,
536; becomes universally popular,
538; his exertions at the elections to
the Long Parliament, 546; the judg-
ment of the Exchequer against,
annulled by the Long Parliament, 551;
his firm opposition to Charles I.,
558.

Harold, Earl, recommended by Eadward
the Confessor to be his successor, 45;
elected by the Witan and crowned,
ib.; defeated and killed by William
the Conqueror, 46.
Harrison's description of England, A.D.
1577, 458.

Hastings (Warren) impeached, A.D.
1788, 501, n.

Haxey (Sir Thomas), prosecution of,
A. D. 1397, 279.

re-

Henry I., 1100-1135, issues a Charter
of Liberties, 75; its historical and
constitutional importance, 77;
ceives the support of the native Eng-
lish, 78; marries a niece of Eadgar
Ætheling, ib.; defeats his rebellious
barons, ib.; his severity in punishing
offences against the law, 80; his
charter referred to at the council of
St. Alban's, 105; his election to the
Crown, 189.

Henry II., 1154-1189, accedes to the
throne without opposition, 84;
strength of his Continental posses-
sions, 85 and ib. n. 1; the founder of
the Angevin dynasty, 85; confirms
the Charter of Henry I., 86; esta-
blishes law and order, ib. ; his policy,
ib.; two great constitutional results of
his reign, ib.; strong individuality of,
86, n. 2; legal improvements made
by, 87; his ministers, ib. n. 2; the
administrative reforms of, 88; greatly
augments the power of the Crown,
89; his contest with the clergy,
ib.; his succession to the Crown,
192.