simple and compound. The exercises that are subjoined, ar presented that he may distinguish the phrases from the clauses, the clauses from the sentences, the imperfect sentences from the perfect, and the simple from the compound. Exercises. The eye of the passing traveller may mark them, or mark them not, but they stand peacefully in thousands over all the land; and most beau tiful do they make it, through all its wide valleys and narrow glens, — its low holms encircled by the rocky walls of some bonny burn, its green mounts elated with their little crowning groves of plane trees, its yellow cornfields, - its bare pastoral hill-sides, and all its heathy moors, on whose black bosom lie shining or concealed glades of excessive verdure, inhabited by flowers, and visited only by the far-flying bees. By arguments so strong. If we could imagine. They all agree in the belief. The fearful consequences. In spite of all admonition and reproof. Feel themselves at liberty. Such an undertaking would be vain. I am desirous of explaining. For the reasons already given. We cannot but rejoice that. Directed their attention. Attempted to prove. Make themselves accountable. The question which arises has puzzled. Has produced in our mind. Religion has its seat in the heart. Were now out in thousands. Would be expedient. Remains for us to notice. On the Sabbath morning. Overgrown with grass and moss. With somewhat diminished lustre. The daisies of a luxuriant spring had covered the spot. Opportunity of addressing each other. Had fatally infected. With indescribable pleasure. The most remote period of time. We hoped that this sight. The interior of the cavern. Very important purposes. Have a tendency to preserve. Withdraws his propitious light. However base or unworthy. Is the emblem of. How boundless. The tender assiduities of friendship. Irregular projecting rocks. Was peculiarly dear. With very great pleasure. The refulgent lamp of nigut. The science which treats of language is called Grammar. Writing is the art of making thoughts visible. Now came still Evening on, and Twilight gray Had in her sober livery all things clad. The melancholy days have come, the saddest of the year, Of wailing winds, and naked woods, and meadows brown and sere, Heaped in the hollows of the grove, the withered leaves lie dead. They rustle to the eddying gust, and to the rabbit's tread. The lower animals, as far as we are able to judge, are entirely occupied with the objects of their present perceptions; and the case is nearly the same with the lower orders of our own species. Diligence, industry and proper improvement of time, are material duties of the young. Honor and shame from no condition rise; Charity, like the sun, brightens every object on which it shines. Though I speak with the tongue of men and of angels and have not charity, I am nothing. X. USE OF WORDS, PHRASES, AND CLAUSES, IN THE EXPANSION OF THE IDEA. The previous Exercise having rendered the student familiar with the parts of which a compound sentence is composed, it is now proposed that he be exercised in the construction of such sentences; as in the following Example. We went. We went in a carriage. We went in a carriage to the meeting. We went in a carriage to the meeting last night. We went in a carriage to the meeting in Church Street last night. We went in a carriage to the meeting in Church Street last night, and heard an excellent sermon. We went in a carriage to the meeting in Church Street last night, with a number of friends, and heard an excellent sermon from the Rev. Mr. Stevens. We went in a carriage to the meeting in Church Street last night, with a number of friends from the country, and heard an excellent sermon from the Rev. Mr. Stevens, on the duties of children to their parents. We went in a carriage to the meeting in Church Street last night, with a number of friends from the country, and heard an excellent sermon from the Rev. Mr. Stevens, on the duties of children to their parents, delivered in a very solemn and impressive manner. Exercises. In the same manner the student may expand the following simple sentences: My father sailed. John related. If Henry had nɔt disobeyed. I remember. Habitual indolerce undermines. They have done all they could A thief was caught. The artist painted The sheriff took. The wind blew down. The tide overflowed. A large number of peopled assembled. The beggar came. Geography teaches. I heard him sing. XI. OF THE PARTS AND ADJUNCTS OF A SENTENCE. The natural order of an English sentence is to place the subject with its adjuncts, if any, at the beginning of the sentence, and the verb and the objective, with their respective adjuncts after it. This order, however, it is not necessary always to preserve, but on the contrary the beauty and harmony of the sentence are often greatly increased by a departure from it. With respect to the cadence, or close of a sentence, care should be taken that it be not abrupt nor unpleasant. In order to give a sentence its proper close, the longest member and the fullest words should be reserved for the conclusion. But in the distribution of the members, and in the cadence of the period, as well as in the sentences themselves, variety must be observed; for the mind and the ear soon tire with a frequent repetition of the same tone. In the following example the student will notice the different order in which the parts of the sentence are arranged, while they still collectively convey the same idea. The dif ferent forms of construction, which depend on the power of varying the arrangement, have a material effect upon the precision and harmony of the sentence; and therefore that arrangement is always to be preferred, which, while it sounds most harmoniously to the ear, conveys most clearly the idea intended to be expressed. Example The poet must study variety, above all things, not only in professed descriptions of the scenery, but in frequent allusions to natural objects, which, of course, often occur in pastorals. Above all things, the poet, not only in professed descriptions of the scenery, but in the frequent allusions to natural objects which occur of course in pastorals, must study variety. Not only in professed descriptions of the scenery, but in the frequent allusions to natural objects, which occur, of course, in pastorals, the poet must, above all things, study variety.* Exercises. [The student will notice that in the following sentences, the members are very badly arranged. It is required of him to present them in such order as will make them most harmonious and exhibit the sense to the best advantage.] There was a feeling of strangeness, as he passed through the village, that every thing should be just as it was when he left. In the trees, there was a melancholy gusty sound. and the night was shutting in about it, as they drew near the house. But not only from its relation to the past night, the morning is a fit time for devotion, but considered as an introduction to a new day. To strengthen a character, which will fit me for heaven or for hell, to perform actions which will never be forgotten, to receive impressions which may never be effaced, to that world where I have often gone astray, I am to return. Temptations which have often subdued me, this day, I am to meet; again with opportunities of usefulness, I am to help in deciding the hap * It will save much time and trouble in copying, if the student, in the preparation of his exercises, pursue the following method: placing the different members of the sentence in separate lines and numbering them, ae may afterwards arrange them by their numbers, as in the following example: 1 We, 2 with the rest of our party, 3 notwithstanding the storm and darkness, 4 pursued, 5 our journey. piness of their present and future life, in mending their characters, and to influence the minds of others. Having on the mercy and protection of the Almighty cast ourselves, to the labor and duties which he imposes, with new confidence we should go forth. Given in part to prayer, as of devotional topics and excitements, a va riety it furnishes, this period should be. And gone to testify of us to our judge, and that another day has gone, at this hour, naturally a reflecting mind will remember. Time misspent and talents wasted, defective motives and irregular desires, if suffered to speak plainly and inspect faithfully, conscience will recount. Between the brothers was no deadly and deep quarrel and of this un natural estrangement the cause neither of them could tell. In the little hollow that lay between the grave of their father, whose shroud was haply not yet still from the fall of dust to dust, and of their mother long since dead, as the brothers composedly but firmly stood, grasping each others hand, the minister said, "I must fulfill the promise which I made to your father on his death bed" and with a pleasant countenance stood beside them. On a voyage in quest of a north-west passage to India, Henry Hudson in 1609, an Englishman in the service of the Dutch, discovered the noble river that bears his name. XII. SENTENCES. The following words constitute a perfect sentence. It is required to arrange them into sentences. Example. 1. A gratitude emotion delightful is. 2. Exclamation interesting adverse when circumstances under Mark Antony this made "have all I except lost away given have I what." Mark Antony, when under adverse circumstances, made this interesting exclamation. "I have lost all, except what I have given away." |