dissolved with hot water, and the analysis completed in the usual way by adding HCl and precipitation with barium chloride.

The cylinder shown in the figure is of brass, about one inch inside diameter, one-eighth inch thick and four inches long. It may be made from a piece of brass pipe, capping both ends; or by boring out a brass rod and capping the open end in such a way that it may be readily removed for putting in the charge. One of the rods inside the cylinder is insulated from the outside shell, while the other is in electrical connection with it, the rods being joined at their inside terminals by the fine wire "W" which is about 64 gauge, and becomes heated when the battery is attached.

This shorter method gives greater accuracy than the longer

test.

See Figure No. 16.

Holder Heights at Night-Mr. C. H. Gifford, New Bedford, Mass. Six-inch figures are painted on the side of holder, spaced six inches apart. There is a target or pointer mounted on the holder tank to read five feet above the water line, and there is an electric lamp mounted on a rail of the holder tank, one wire being connected to the lamp and the other wire carried to a single pole switch at a convenient point in works.

Sampling Flue Gases-Mr. E. W. Gutsche, Everett, Mass. Finding it necessary to take flue gas samples three feet back from the peep hole in a retort furnace, I experienced difficulty in finding a tube which would withstand the high temperature, using material at hand. After some experimenting, I found that a piece of good ignition tubing, tightly wound with asbestos wicking, served the purpose very well. The ends of the wicking can be fastened with a little fire clay which, when baked, firmly holds the wicking. A piece of ignition tubing inch in diameter thus wound with the asbestos, makes a cheap, handy and very servicable tubing for sampling gas where temperatures are high.

District Pressure Booster-St. Paul Gas Light Company, St. Paul, Minn. Two districts across the river "L" and "H"

from the works "W" are supplied by two feeder mains of six and eight inches in diameter respectively.

District "L" is lower than the works, while "H" is higher. Although pressures in "H" were good, it was found difficult to maintain pressure in district "L" at hours of maximum demand.

To correct this, a blower, direct connected to an electric motor, was cut in the six-inch main at "B," and the pressure at that side of the bridge raised to nine inches, giving about five inches on the opposite side. The pressures are now satisfactory.

"B" is about a mile from the works. The six-inch main is connected to large twelve-inch main at both ends, giving sufficient capacity of gas to prevent any pulsation being noticed.

The valve "V" prevents gas backing through the eight-inch feeder. See Figure No. 18.

Tees and Rod Used in Ditching-Mr. W. A. Castor, Philadelphia, Pa. The tees and rod are made of 3" x 1" planed white pine. The stand is built of two pieces of 3" x 4" rough hemlock separated by full 1" distance pieces. The blade of the tee slides up and down through the small slot in center of stand. Adjusting of tees in stand is accomplished by means

of wire pins passed through 3-16" holes bored in blade of tees, the ends of the pins resting on the stands when tees are in position. Red paint is used on head of tee and white paint on end of rod for contrast when sighting between tees.

The rod shown in the sketch is used for ditching for 20" main. An adjustable rod could be made suitable for all sizes of main to be laid.

By using the stands for the tees it is not necessary to have ditch open at the time of setting the tees, nor are the tees in the way of the workmen in the ditch. These tools have

greatly assisted the work when bucking grades on paved streets, and when excavating in places where the surface is rough or uneven. We have found these tees and rod indispensable in setting blocking for large pipe ahead of the derrick gang.

See Figure No. 19.

Rope Mats for Blasting-Mr. A. C. Pease, Lowell, Mass. A simple contrivance for weaving rope mats for ditch blasting

is made of 1" pipe struck into 2" x 4" lumber and set up on wooden horses.

The mat is fastened down by logs, which are chained down or not, as may be required.

774

A mat 7' x 12' made of about 1400 feet of 1%" rope weighed about 700 pounds. This was a large mat used for special blasting. See Figure No. 20.

Cleaning Pipe-Mr. W. A. Castor, Philadelphia, Pa. Worn

CARDING-CLOTH BRUSH

FOR

CLEANING INSIDE OF BELL.

7"

CARDING-CLOTH BRUSH

FOR

CLEANING OUTSIDE OF SPIGOT.

7"

Fig. No. 21.

out carding cloth obtained from a cotton or woolen mill and nailed to a soft wood backing and cut either convex or concave to fit the pipe, makes excellent brushes for removing all rust and scale from bell and spigot ends.