Muslims Through Discourse: Religion and Ritual in Gayo SocietyPrinceton University Press, 09 մյս, 1993 թ. - 358 էջ In this rich account of a Muslim society in highland Sumatra, Indonesia, John Bowen describes how men and women debate among themselves ideas of what Islam is and should be--as it pertains to all areas of their lives, from work to worship. Whereas many previous anthropological studies have concentrated on the purely local aspects of culture, this book captures and analyzes the tension between the local and universal in everyday life. Current religious differences among the Gayo stem from debates between "traditionalist" and "modernist" scholars that began in the 1930s, and reveal themselves in the ways Gayo discuss and perform worship, sacrifice, healing, and rites of birth and death, all within an Islamic framework. Bowen considers the power these debates accord to language, especially in arguments over spells, rites of farming, hunting, and healing. Moreover, he traces in these debates a general conception of transacting with spirits that has shaped Gayo practices of sacrifice, worship, and aiding the dead. Bowen concludes by examining the development of competing religious ideas in the highlands, the alternative ritual forms and ideas they have pro-mulgated, and the implications of this phenomenon for the emergence of an Islamic public sphere. |
Բովանդակություն
INTRODUCTION | 3 |
RELIGIOUS DISPUTES IN TAKÈNGËN | 18 |
ON MODERNISTS AND TRADITIONALISTS | 21 |
SOCIAL AND MORAL CONTEXTS | 30 |
ISLAMIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE HIGHLANDS 19001990 | 39 |
LANGUAGES OF PAST PIETY AND LEARNING | 40 |
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TRADITIONALIST SCHOLARSHIP | 47 |
SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS INNOVATION IN THE HIGHLANDS | 55 |
PROTECTING THE CROPS AND THE COMMUNITY | 185 |
ANCESTORS AND OTHER SACRED BEINGS | 194 |
ADAM AND EVES CHILDREN | 202 |
CAIN ABEL AND THE MARRIAGE OF TWINS | 209 |
HUNTING HEALING AND SPIRITUAL SIBLINGSHIP | 216 |
TRANSACTING THROUGH FOOD THE KENDURI AND ITS CRITICS | 229 |
PRAYERS FOOD AND SACRIFICE | 230 |
CELEBRATING THE PROPHET MUHAMMADS BIRTHDAY | 237 |
RADICAL REFORM THROUGH ISLAMIC EDUCATION | 61 |
SPELLS PRAYER AND THE POWER OF WORDS | 77 |
DISTINCTIONS AMONG DOA | 82 |
THE EFFICACY OF SPELLS | 87 |
QURĀNIC KNOWLEDGE AND POWER | 94 |
ACQUIRING POWER AND EXPECTING RESULTS | 101 |
THE SOURCE OF HUMAN POWERS IN HISTORY | 106 |
THE HUMAN EMBODIMENT OF CREATION | 115 |
THE COMING OF ISLAM TO ACEH | 124 |
THE HEALERS STRUGGLE | 129 |
HEALERS AND KNOWLEDGE | 131 |
FINDING THE JIN | 135 |
RESTORING THE BALANCE | 139 |
ASKING A SPIRIT TO DEPART | 145 |
EXORCISM AND ACCOUNTABILITY | 151 |
CASTING OUT THE SPIRITS | 152 |
THE SOCIAL FRAMEWORK OF EXORCISM | 162 |
FARMING ANCESTORS AND THE SACRED LANDSCAPE | 173 |
SPEAKING WITH THE ANCESTOR | 174 |
THE CHILDS ENTRY INTO THE WORLD | 240 |
SPEAKING FOR THE DEAD | 251 |
SPEAKING TO THE DEAD AT THE GRAVE | 252 |
NEGOTIATING THE PASSAGE OF THE DEAD | 259 |
CHANTING FOR THE DECEASED | 262 |
SACRIFICE MERIT AND SELFINTEREST | 273 |
SELFLESS SACRIFICE IN TAKÈNGËN | 279 |
WORSHIP AND PUBLIC LIFE | 289 |
FORM AND FEELING IN WORSHIP | 290 |
WORSHIPING TOGETHER | 296 |
DISPUTATIONS | 300 |
MOSQUE POLITICS | 309 |
THE SOCIAL FORMS OF RELIGIOUS CHANGE | 315 |
TWO MODES OF CULTURAL RATIONALIZATION | 321 |
PUBLIC DISCOURSE AND THE STATE | 325 |
GLOSSARY OF GAYO AND ARABIC TERMS | 331 |
335 | |
353 | |
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Muslims Through Discourse: Religion and Ritual in Gayo Society John Richard Bowen Դիտել հնարավոր չէ - 1993 |