ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. Pallas and Vesta, deserves to be particularly mentioned. Lat. 53° 4' 36" N., Lon. 8° 48′ 58′′ E. Pop. about 41,500. (P. C.)

BRENTA, bren'-tå, a r. in the N. of Italy, which rises in the mountains of Tyrol, and flows into the Adriatic, near Venice. Its whole course is nearly 100 m.

It

BRESCIA, bresh/e-å, or bresh/-å, (Anc. Brix/ia,) a manufacturing and commercial t. of Austrian Italy; cap. of a prov. of the same name. is a bustling, lively, well-built town, with many fine edifices. The churches are adorned with numerous paintings by great masters, principally of the Venetian school. Next to Rome, Brescia has the greatest number of fountains of any town in Italy. Its manufactures of cutlery and fire-arms deserve particular notice. Lat. 45° 32′ N., Lon. 10° 13 E. Pop. 34,000. (B.)

BRES-LAU or bres'-lou, a large manufacturing and commercial t. of Prussia; cap. of the prov. of Silesia, at the confluence of the Ohlau (o'-lou), with the Oder. It has, among many other literary and scientific institutions, a fine university, founded in 1702, containing a library of above 100,000 vols. Lat. 51° 7′ N., Lon. 17° 5' E. Pop. upwards of 90,000. (B.)

BREST (Fr. pron. the same as the English), the most important naval port of France, in the dep. of Finistère, situated on a bay called the Road of Brest. Lat. 48° 23′ N., Lon. 4° 29′ W. Pop. 30,000. (B.)

BRETAGNE, bre-tâñ', (usually named by the English, Brit/tany,) an old prov. in the W. part of France, now divided into the five deps. of Ille and Vilaine, Lower Loire, Côtes du Nord, Morbihan, and Finistère.Adj. and inhab. BRETON, brit/-on.

BRETON, CAPE. See CAPE BRETON.

BRIANÇON, bre-N'-SON', a small t. of France, in the dep. of the Upper Alps, situated on the Durance, near its source. Fortified as it is, both by nature and art, Briançon may be regarded as one of the strongest fortresses in the world. One of the forts, comprised within its system of fortifications, is situated 1,229 toises, or 7,860 English ft., above the level of the sea, and, next to the Hospice of St. Bernard, is probably the most elevated habitation in Europe. Lat. 44° 54' N., Lon. 6° 38′ E.

BRIDGE-NORTH, a t. of England, in Shropshire, situated on the Severn, 118 m. N. W. of London. Pop. 5,770.

BRIDGE-PORT, a city and seaport of Conn., in Fairfield co., situated on Long Island Sound, 17 m. S. W. of New Haven. It is a neatlybuilt, flourishing town, with a good harbour. Pop. 3,294.

BRIDGE-TOWN, a small t. and port of entry; cap. of Cumberland co., N. J., on Cohansey creek, about 10 m., in a straight line, from the lighthouse at its mouth, and 35 m. S. from Philadelphia.

BRIDGETOWN. See BARBADOES.

BRIDGE-WA-TER, a t. of England, in Somersetshire, on the r. Parret, 29 m. S. W. of Bristol. It is remarkable as the birth-place of Admiral Blake. Pop. 9,899.

BRIDLINGTON OF BRELLINGTON, commonly pronounced Bur/-ling-ton, a t. of England, in the E. Riding of Yorkshire, situated about a mile

Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, mêt; plne or pine, pln; nỗ, nôt; ŏŏ as in good;

from the sea-coast, and 32 m. N. of Hull. Lat. 54° 7' N., Lon. 0° 13' W. Pop. of the township, including Bridlington-Quay, with an area of above 4 sq. m., 5,162.

BRID-PORT, a t. of England, in Dorsetshire, about 135 m. nearly W. S. W. from London. Pop. 4,787.

BRIEG, breed, a manufacturing and commercial t. of Prussian Silesia, about 26 m. S. E. of Breslau. Pop. 11,000. (B.)

BRIEL, breel, a fortified seaport t. of Holland, with a commodious harbour. It was the birth-place of the Admirals Van Tromp and Dewit. Lat. 51° 54' N., Lon. 4° 10' E. Pop. 4,195. (P. C.)

BRIEUX OF BRIEUC (SAINT), sån`-bre'-uh', a t. of France; cap. of the dep. of Côtes du Nord, situated near the coast of the Channel, on a small bay of the same name. It possesses several public institutions, and a library of 24,000 vols. Lat. 48° 31' N., Lon. 2° 43′ W. Pop. 11,382. (B.)

BRIGHTHELMSTONE, commonly written and pronounced BRIGH-TON, a seaport t. and fashionable watering-place of England, in the co. of Sussex, 46 m. S. of London. This town contains many fine, and some magnificent edifices. Its suspension, or chain-pier, which extends into the sea to the distance of 1,136 ft., is justly an object of general admiration. The pop. of Brighton has increased with astonishing rapidity during the present century. In 1801 it was 7,339; in 1841, 46,661; but during summer the residents amount sometimes to near double that number.

BRINDISI, brin'-de-se, (Gr. BpɛVTEOLOV, Lat. Brundi'sium or Brundu'sium,) a commercial t. of Naples, in the prov. of Terra d'Otranto, well known in Roman history for its capacious and safe harbour, which was the chief port of embarkation from Italy to Greece. It is the seat of an archbishopric. Lat. 40° 38′ N., Lon. 18 E. Pop. 6,000. (B.)

BRIOUDE, bre-ood', a small t. of France, in the dep. of Upper Loire. Near it there is a magnificent bridge, over the r. Allier, of about 180 ft. span, supposed to have been built by the Romans. Brioude was the birth-place of the illustrious La Fayette. Lat. 45° 17′ N., Lon. 3° 24′ E. Pop. 5,052. (P. C.)

BRIS-TOL, a manufacturing and commercial city and seaport in the W. of England, on the Avon, about 7 m. above its entrance into the Bristol Channel, and 108 m. W. of London. Together with its suburbs, Bristol forms a little county of itself, which, however, is now usually regarded as a part of Gloucestershire. In the old portion of the city, the streets are irregular and narrow, and the houses present a gloomy appearance; but the newer parts are well built, and have many fine edifices, especially the western quarter of the town, or rather of the suburbs, called Clifton, which is the principal resort of the gentry. Here is a warm mineral spring (the Hotwell), celebrated in consumptive cases. The scenery around Clifton is exquisitely beautiful. The erection of a great suspension bridge over the Avon, at Clifton, was commenced several years ago, but it is still unfinished. The span is to be 700 ft., the height 240 ft.; so that vessels of the largest size may pass beneath with outspread sails. Of the numerous institutions for educa

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; тH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. tion of this city, we may mention the Bristol College, founded in 1830, and the Bristol Medical School, established on its present efficient scale in 1834. Bristol appears to have been a place of importance in the 5th century. The name seems to be derived from Bricstow, an old Saxon name of this city, which may be literally translated "breach place;" i. e. the place or town of the breach or chasm through which the Avon finds a passage to the sea. The ancient British name was Caer Odor, the "city of the breach." Lat. 51° 27′ N., Lon. 2° 35′ W. Pop., including the hundred of Barton Regis with a total area of about 16 sq. m., 122,296.

BRISTOL, a co. in the S. E. part of Mass., bordering on Buzzard's Bay. Pop. 60,164. Co. towns, New Bedford and Taunton.

BRISTOL, a co. of R. I., bordering on Narragansett Bay. Pop. 6,476. BRISTOL, a port of entry, cap. of the above co., on the E. side of Narragansett Bay, 14 m. in a straight line S. S. E. of Providence. Pop. of the township, 3,490.

BRISTOL CHANNEL.
BRITAIN.

See SEVERN.
See GREAT Britain.
BRITTANY. See BRETAGNE.

BRIX-HAM, a seaport t. of England, in Devonshire, situated on the S. side of Torbay, 22 m. S. of Exeter. Lat. 50° 24′ N., Lon. 3° 30' W. Pop. of parish, 5,684.

BROAD RIVER, a r. which rises in N. C., and, flowing in a southerly direction, unites with the Saluda in S. C., to form the Congaree.

BROCK-EN, one of the Hartz Mts, in Germany, near Halberstadt. BRO-DY, an important trading t. of Galicia. Lat. 50° 7′ N., Lon. 25° 18′ E. Pop. above 22,000, five-sixths of whom are Jews. (B.) BROEK, brook, a village of N. Holland, 6 m. N. of Amsterdam, famous for its neatness and cleanliness, and for the wealth of its inhabitants, the number of whom amounts to about 1,200. (P. C.)

BROMBERG, brom/-beRG, a t. of Prussia, in a circle of the same name. Lat. 53° 7' N., Lon. about 18° E. Pop. 6,500. (B.)

BROMLEY, brum/-le, a small t. of England, in the co. of Kent, 10 m. S. S. E. of London.

BRON-DO-LO, a small t. of Austrian Italy, at the mouth of the rivers Brenta and Bacchiglione, 16 m. S. of Venice.

BROOKE, & Co. forming the N. N. W. extremity of Va., and bordering on the Ohio. Pop. 7,948. Co. t. Wellsburg.

BROOK-LYN, a finely-built city of Kings co., Long I., opposite to New York, and separated from it by the East River, is the third town in point of population in the state of N. Y. It may properly be regarded as one of the suburbs of the metropolis, with which it has communication by means of steamboats plying constantly at four different ferries. The Ú. S. Navy Yard is situated in the N. part of the town. Pop. 36,233.

BROOME, a co. in the S. part of N. Y., intersected by the E. branch of the Susquehanna, and bordering on Pa. Pop. 22,338. Co. t. Bing. hamton.

Fate, får, fåll, fåt; mẻ, mit; pine or pine, pin; no, not; ōo as in good;

BROWN, a Co. in the S. part of Ohio, bordering on the Ohio r. Pop. 22,715. Co. t. Georgetown.

BROWN, a co. in the S. central part of Ind. Pop. 2,364.

BROWN, a co. in the W. part of Ill., bordering on the Illinois r. Pop. 4,183.

BROWN, a co. forming the E. N. E. extremity of Wisconsin. Pop. 2,107.

BRUCHSAL, brook'-sål, a t. of Germany, in the grand-duchy of Baden, 12 m. N. E. of Carlsruhe. Lat. 49° 7' N., Lon. 8° 26' E. Pop. above 7,000. (B.)

BRUGES, brul-jez, (Fr. pron. brüzh, Dutch, Brugge, brug/-geh,) an ancient fortified city of Belgium, the cap. of W. Flanders, situated about 6m. from the sea, and 55 m. N. W. from Brussels. Its name, Brugge, is derived from the number of bridges which cross the canals. From four to five hundred years ago, this city was the principal emporium of Europe; at present, it exhibits but the shadow of its former glory. Still, its commerce, manufactures, and public institutions, give it a distinguished rank among the towns of Belgium. Lat. 51° 12 N., Lon. 3° 13′ E. Pop. 41,914. (P. C.)

BRUNN, (native name Brno, i. e. "ford,") an archiepiscopal t., the cap. of Moravia, situated in the centre of a circle of its own name, near the confluence of the Schwarza and Zwittawa, (which run on each side of it,) and about 70 m. N. of Vienna. Its woollen manufactures are considered the most important in the empire. Brünn has a number of literary and scientific institutions, and several handsome edifices. Lat. 49° 12' N., Lon. 16° 36′ E. Pop. 40,000. (B.)

BRUNSWICK (Ger. Braunschweig, broun'-shwio.) Two distinct sovereignties have sprung from the house of Brunswick. The possessions of the elder line are confined to the grand-duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. The younger possesses Hanover, and is called the Brunswick-Lüneburg, or the Hanoverian line.

The duchy of Brunswick consists principally of three large unconnected districts, lying in the N. W. part of Germany, between about 51° 35′ and 52° 32′ N. Lat., and 9° 20′ and 11° 7′ E. Lon. Area about 1,525 sq. m. Pop. 242,000. (B.)

BRUNSWICK, the cap. of the above, situated on both sides of the r. Ocker, a branch of the Aller. Among its institutions for education, we may mention the Collegium Carolinum, and the College of Anatomy and Surgery. Lat. 52° 16′ N., Lon. 10° 32′ E. Pop. about 36,000. (B.)

BRUNSWICK, a t. of Cumberland co., Me., on the Androscoggin, about 25 m. N. E. of Portland. It is the seat of Bowdoin (bo'-dẹn) College, a flourishing institution, which was founded in 1794, and derives its name from the Hon. James Bowdoin, by whom it was munificently endowed. Lat. 43° 53' N., Lon. 69° 55′ W. Pop. of the township, 4,259. (B.)

BRUNSWICK, a co. in the S. part of Va., N. E. of the Roanoke, and bordering on N. C. Pop. 14,346. Co. t. Lawrenceville.

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; тí, as in this; N, nearly like ng. BRUNSWICK, & Co. forming the S. extremity of N. C., bordering on the sea. Pop. 5,265. Co. t. Smithville.

BRUSA. See BURSA.

BRUS-SELS, (Dutch Brus/-sel, Fr. Bruxelles, brü'-sell',) the cap. of Belgium, situated in S. Brabant, on the little r. Senne, an affluent of the Scheldt, about 23 m. S. of Antwerp. It is surrounded by a brick wall, with eight gates. The origin of Brussels dates as far back as the 7th century. In 1044, it was enclosed with walls, and has since held an important rank among the towns of the Low Countries. Previously to the revolution of 1830, Brussels was the cap. of the Austrian Netherlands; and, after the separation of Belgium from Holland, towards which this town had made the first movement, it became the seat of government of the new kingdom. Among the public edifices of Brussels, we may mention the Hôtel de Ville, one of the finest Gothic buildings in the Netherlands, the tower of which is stated to be 364 ft. high. Among the numerous literary and scientific institutions, may be cited the Academy of Science and Belles-lettres, the Royal Society of Fine Arts, and the High School of Commerce and Industry. The Observatory stands in Lat. 50° 51' 11" N., Lon. 4° 22′ 15′′ E. Pop. in 1829, 106,000. (B.)

BRY-AN, a co. in the S. E. part of Ga., bordering on the r. Ogeechee and the sea. Pop. 3,182. Co. t. Bryan c. h.

BRZESC or BRZESC-LITEWSKY, bzhests lit-ev-ske, a fortified commercial t. of European Russia, in the prov. of Grodno, on the Bug r., where there is a celebrated synagogue of the Jews. Lat. 52° 6' N., Lon. 23° 35' E.

BUC-HAN-AN, a co. in the N. W. part of Mo., bordering on the Missouri r.. Pop. 6,237.

BUCHANAN, one of the most north-westerly counties of Iowa.
BUCHARIA. See BOKHARA.

BU-CHO-REST, or, more correctly, Boo'-kå-resht', i. e. "the city of enjoyment," an important commercial t. of European Turkey, the cap. of Wallachia, on the E. bank of the Dumbovitza, in the midst of a fertile and delightful country. The town itself, however, does not by any means justify its name, being composed, for the most part, of miserable brick or mud cabins, and withal very dirty. Buchorest is the seat of a Greek archbishopric. Lat. 44° 26' N., Lon. 26° 8′ E. Pop. estimated from 60,000 to 80,000. (M.)

BUCK-ING-HAM, the cap. of Buckinghamshire, on the Ouse, 50 m. N.W. of London. Pop of the entire parish, 4,054.

BUCKINGHAM, a co. in the S. central part of Va., bordering on James r. Pop. 18,786. Seat of justice, Buckingham c. h.

BUCK-ING-HAM-SHIRE, or the co. of Bucks, a co. in the S. central part of England, N. W. of London. Pop. 155,983.

BUCKS, a co. in the S. E. part of Pa., bordering on the Delaware. Pop. 48,107. Co. t. Doylestown.

BU-DA, (Hun. pron. boo-doh, Ger. O'-fen, Slav. Budin, bool-deen,) an ancient city, the cap. of Hungary, situated nearly in the centre of