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Fåte, får, fåll, fåt; mě, mět; pine or pine, pin; no, not; Ŏõ as in good about 60 m. inland. It is the seat of a university, founded in 1811, which has a library of 10,000 vols., and about 500 students. Lat. of the Observatory, 59° 54' 5" N., Lon. 10° 44′ 57′′ E. Pop. above 21,000. (B.) CHRISTIANSAND, kris/-te-ån-sånd', a t. of Norway, situated on the N. coast of the Skager Rack. Lat. 58° 10' N., Lon. 8° 20′ E. Pop. in 1826, 7,488. (P. C.)

CHUQUISACA, choo-ke-så/-kå, formerly called LA PLATA, the cap. of Bolivia, situated in a plain at an elevation of 9,300 ft. above the sea. Lat. about 19° S., Lon. 64° 40′ W. Pop. 13,000.

CIENFUEGOS, se-en/-foo-a/-gós, or fwàl-goce, a flourishing t. on the S. coast of Cuba, on a bay called Xagua (Hal-gwa), which forms one of the finest harbours in the world. It was founded about the year 1818, and named in honour of Cienfuegos, who was then captain-general of Cuba. Lat. about 22° 15' N., Lon. near 81° W. Pop. 3,500.

CIN-CIN-NAT/-1,* the largest t. in Ohio, cap. of Hamilton co., on the right or N. bank of the Ohio r., 20 m. above the mouth of the Great Miami. Since the beginning of the present century, its growth has been very rapid. The pop. in 1800 scarcely exceeded 500; in 1840 it amounted to 46,338. The city is well built, principally of brick, and the streets cross each other at right angles. By the Ohio and Mississippi rivers, it has connexion with Pittsburg on the one hand, and New Orleans on the other; it also communicates, by means of canals, with L. Erie. It has two colleges, the Cincinnati College, founded in 1819, and the Woodward College, recently established. Lat. 39° 6′ N., Lon. 84° 27′ W. Distant from Washington, 497 m.

CINQUE PORTS, sink ports, ports on the S. eastern coast of England, which, in return for the enjoyment of certain peculiar privileges, were to furnish a certain number of ships, equipped and manned, to be at the disposal of the sovereign in any emergency. As their name implies, there were originally but five; viz., Dover, Sandwich, Hithe, Romney, and Hastings. To these, Rye, Winchelsea, and Seaford, were afterwards added.

CIN-TRA or seen'-trå, a small t. of Portugal, 15 m. W. N. W. of Lisbon, celebrated for its fine air and beautiful situation. It is a place of great resort in summer for the citizens of the capital. Many of the nobility and wealthy merchants have villas in the vicinity of Cintra. Pop. about 4,000. (B.)

CIR-CARS, NORTHERN, a large maritime prov. of Hindostan, between 15° and 20° N. Lat., and 80° and 86° E. Lon., extending along the W. side of the Bay of Bengal.

CIRCASSIA, Sir-kash'-e-a, (Russ. TchêR-kås/-cå,) is situated along the N. declivity of Mount Caucasus, and comprehends the whole of this tract, from the Black Sea to the vicinity of the Caspian. It belongs nominally to Russia. The beauty of the Circassian women is much celebrated. Adj. and inhab. CIRCASSIAN, sir-kash/-e-ån.

CIRENCESTER, commonly pronounced sis/-e-ter, a t. of England, in

This is frequently pronounced, contrary to all principles of correct pronunciation sin-sin-at-tuh, an error which cannot be too carefully avoided.

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. Gloucestershire, 17 m. S. E. of Gloucester. Pop. of the parish, with an area of above 9 sq. m., 6,014.

CITTADELLA, chit-ta-del-lå, a t. of Austrian Italy. Lat. 45° 37' N., Lon. 11° 50′ E. Pop. above 6,000. (B.)

CIUDAD REAL, the-oo-Dån/ rå-ål', a t. of Spain, in New Castile, the cap. of La Mancha. Lat. 38° 57′ N., Lon. 3° 49′ W. Pop. about 8,000. (B.)

CIUDAD RODRIGO, the-oo-DåD/ roD-reel-go, a fortified t. the prov. of Salamanca. Lat. 40° 31′ N., Lon. 6° 26' W. (B.)

of Spain, in Pop. 4,300. CIVITA VECCHIA, chee/-ve-tå vek/-ke-å, a fortified t. and seaport of Italy, in the Papal State, 36 m. N. W. of Rome. Lat. 42° 5' N., Lon. 11° 45′ E. Pop. about 7,000. (B.)

CLACK-MAN-NAN-SHIRE, a small co. in the E. part of Scotland, bordering on the r. Forth. Pop. 19,155.

CLAGENFURTH OF KLAGENFURTH, klå/-gen-fõõrt', a t. of the Austrian empire, in Carinthia, the cap. of a circle of the same name, with several important institutions for education. Lat. 46° 36′ N., Lon. 14° 20

E. Pop. 10,000. (B.)

CLAI-BORNE, & Co. in the S. W. part of Miss., bordering on the Big Black and the Mississippi rivers. Pop. 13,078. Co. seat, Port Gibson. CLAIBORNE, a parish in the N. part of La., bordering on the Red r. Pop. 6,185. Seat of justice, Russelville.

CLAIBORNE, & Co. in the N. E. part of Tenn., bordering on Va. and Ky. Pop. 9,474. Co. t. Tazewell.

CLAIR, ST., a lake between Mich. and Upper Canada, about 27 m. long, with a mean breadth of perhaps 15m. It receives the waters of L. Huron by the r. St. Clair, and discharges itself into L. Erie by the Detroit r. The r. St. Clair is about 40 m. long, I m. wide, and is navigable for large vessels.

CLAIR, ST., a co. in the N. E. central part of Ala., W. of and bordering on the Coosa r. Pop. 5,638. Co. t. Ashville.

CLAIR, ST., a co. in the S. E. part of Mich., bordering on the r. and L. St. Clair. Pop. 4,606. Co. t. Palmer.

CLAIR, ST., a co. in the S. W. part of Ill., on the Kaskaskia and Mississippi rivers. Pop. 13,631. Co. t. Belleville.

CLAIR, ST., a co. in the W. S. W. part of Mo., intersected by the Osage r.

CLAMECY, klåm-se', a t. of France, in the dep. of Nièvre. Lat. 47° 27′ N., Lon. 3° 30′ E. Pop. about 5,000. (P. C.)

CLARE, a co. of Ireland, in the prov. of Munster, bordering on the Atlantic. Pop. in 1831, 258,322. (P. C.)

CLARKE, a co. in the N. E. part of Va., intersected by the Shenandoah. Pop. 6,353.

CLARKE, a co. in the N. central part of Ga., on the Oconee r. Pop. 10,522. Co. t. Watkinsville.

CLARKE, a co. in the S. W. part of Ala., bordering on the Alabama and Tombigbee rivers. Pop. 8,640. Co. t. Clarkesville.

Fåte, får, fåll, fåt; mẻ, mêt; pine or pine, pln; nò, nôt; õõ, as in good;

CLARKE, a co. in the E. part of Miss., bordering on Ala. Pop. 2,986. Co. seat, Quitman.

CLARKE, a co. in the S. part of Ark., intersected by the Washita r. Pop. 2,309. Co. t. Greenville.

CLARKE, a co. in the N. E. central part of Ky., bordering on the Kentucky r. Pop. 10,802. Co. t. Winchester.

CLARKE, a co. in the S. W. central part of Ohio, a little E. of the Great Miami r. Pop. 16,882. Co. t. Springfield.

CLARKE, a co. in the S. E. part of Ind., bordering on the Ohio r. Pop. 15,595. Co. t. Charlestown.

CLARKE, a co. in the E. part of Ill., bordering on the Wabash. Pop. 7,453. Co. t. Marshall.

CLARKE, a co. forming the N. E. extremity of Mo. Pop. 2,846. Co. t. Waterloo.

CLARKE'S RIVER, in Oregon, rises in the Rocky Mountains, and flows into the Columbia r. Its length is about 460 m.

CLAUSTHAL OF KLAUSTHAL, klous/-tåål, a t. of Germany, in Hanover, remarkable for the silver and lead mines in its vicinity. It is the seat of administration for the mining districts of Hanover. Lat. 51° 48' N., Lon. 10° 20′ E. Pop. about 8,000. (B.) The mines of Clausthal yield annually about 160,000 ounces of silver, 2,400 tons of lead and litharge, and 4 tons of copper. They employ upwards of 2,000 work

men.

CLAY, a co. in the S. E. part of Ky., on the S. E. fork of the Kentucky r. Pop. 4,607. Co. t. Manchester.

CLAY, a co. in the W. part of Ind., intersected by the Eel r., and a little E. of the Wabash. Pop. 5,567. Co. t. Bowling Green.

CLAY, a co. in the S. E. part of Ill., intersected by the Little Wabash. Pop. 3,228. Co. t. Maysville.

CLAY, a co. in the W. N. W. part of Mo., bordering on the Missouri r. Pop. 8,282. Co. t. Liberty.

CLAY-TON, a co. in the E. part of Iowa, bordering on the Mississippi r. Pop. 1,101.

CLEAR-FIELD, a co. in the W. central part of Pa. Pop. 7,834. Co. t. Clearfield.

CLER-MONT', a co. in the S. W. part of Ohio, bordering on the Ohio r. Pop. 23,106. Co. t. Batavia.

CLERMONT-FERRAND, klaiR`-mon' fer`-rån', (Anc. Augustonemetum, afterwards Clarus Mons,) the cap. of the French dep. of Puy-de-dôme, and formerly, of the prov. of Auvergne. It contains a number of literary and scientific institutions; among which we may mention_the Académie Universitaire and the Royal College. Lat. 45° 46' N., Lon. 3° 5' E. Pop. 28,000. (B.)

CLEVELAND, a port of entry of Ohio, the cap. of Cuyahoga co., situated on L. Erie, at the termination of the Ohio canal. Pop. 6,071. CLEVES, (Ger. Kleve, klå/-veh; Fr. Clèves, klave,) a walled t. of the Prussian dominions, the cap. of a circle of the same name. 47' N., Lon. 6° 7' E. Pop. 7,400.

(B.)

Lat. 51°

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng.

CLIFTON. See BRISTOL.

CLINCH, a r. of Tenn., which unites with the Holston to form the Tennessee.

CLINTON, a Co. occupying the N. E. extremity of N. Y. Pop. 28,157. Co. t. Plattsburg.

CLINTON, a co. in the N. central part of Pa., on the W. branch of the Susquehanna. Pop. 8,323.

CLINTON, a co. in the S. S. E. part of Ky., bordering on Tenn. Pop. 3,863.

CLINTON, a co. in the S. W. part of Ohio, N. E. of Cincinnati. Pop. 15,719. Co. t. Wilmington.

CLINTON, a co. in the S. central part of Mich. Pop. 1,614.

CLINTON, a co. in the N. W. central part of Ind., a little S. E. of the Wabash and Erie Canal. Pop. 7,508. Co. t. Frankfort. CLINTON, a co. in the S. W. part of Ill., intersected by the Kaskaskia r. Pop. 3,718. Co. t. Carlyle.

CLINTON, a co. in the N. W. part of Mo., a little E. of the Missouri r Pop. 2,724. Co. t. Plattsburgh.

CLINTON, a co. in the E. part of Iowa, bordering on the Mississippi r. Pop. 821.

CLINTON, a village of N. Y., in Oneida co., about 9 m. W. S. W. of Utica. It is the seat of Hamilton College.

CLITHEROE, kliтH/-er-o`, a small t. of England, in Lancashire, 21 m S. E. of Lancaster. Pop. of the township, 6,765.

CLOGHER, kloн-Her, a small t. of Ireland, in the co. of Tyrone, 22 m. W. by N. of Armagh.

CLOGHNAKILTY, klỏн`-na-kill-te, or CLON`-A-KIL/-TY, a t. of Ireland, in the co. of Cork, situated on a bay of the same name. Lat. 51° 38' N., Lon. 8° 51' W. Pop. in 1831, 3,807. (P. C.)

CLON-MELL, the chief t. of the co. of Tipperary, Ireland, situated on the r. Suir. Lat. 52° 19' N., Lon. 7° 43′ W. Pop. in 1831, 15,134. C.)

CLYDE, a r. of Scotland, which rises in the S. part of Lanarkshire, and, flowing in a north-westerly direction, enters the Frith of Clyde. Its whole course is upwards of 70 m. Though the third in magnitude, it is, as respects navigation, the most important river of Scotland.

CO-A-HO-MA, a Co. in the N. W. part of Miss., bordering on the Mississippi r. Pop. 1,290.

COBB, a co. in the N. W. part of Ga., bordering on the Chattahoochee. Pop. 7,539. Co. t. Marietta.

COB'-LENTZ,* (Ger. Coblenz, kō'-blênts; Fr. Coblence, ko`-blånce',) a

* We often hear Coblentz accentuated on the last syllable, but this is contrary to the tendency of our language, (see Int. XII., Obs. 2,) as well as to the native pronunciation. Byron is right, as usual

"By COBLENTZ, on a rise of gentle ground,
There is a small and simple pyramid."

Childe Harold, Canto III.

Fate, får, fall, fät; mẻ, mét; pine or pine, pin; nó, nôt ; öõ as in good : t. of the Prussian states, cap. of a circle of the same name, and of the whole prov. of the Lower Rhine; situated at the confluence of the Moselle and Rhine, whence the city obtained its ancient name, Confluens or Confluentes, of which Coblenz is probably a corruption. This place is strongly fortified, and is an important military post. (See EIRENBREITSTEIN) Lat. 50° 21' N., Lon. 7° 30′ E. Pop., exclusive of the military, above 12,000. (B.)

Col-BURG (Ger. pron. kō'-boŎRG) or SAXE-COBURG, the most southern of the independent principalities of Saxony, forming a part of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg Gotha, and situated between 50° 9′ and 50° 24' N. Lat. and 10° 40′ and 11° 15' E. Lon. Its area is about 200 sq. m. 38,000. (P. C.)

Pop.

has about 8,000

cap. of a dep. of

COBURG, the cap. of the above, is a walled t., and inhabitants. (B.) Lat. 50° 15′ N., Lon. 10° 58′ E. COCHABAMBA, ko`-chå-båm/-b3, a t. of Bolivia, the the same name. Lat. 17° 25' S., Lon. 65° 50′ W. Pop. estimated at 30,000 (B.); by others, at 20,000.

COCHIN, ko-cheen', a prov. on the S. W. coast of Hindostan, between 10° 10′ and 10° 50' N. Lat.

Col-CHIN CHINA, or the empire of An-nam, is situated in Chin-India, of which it forms the eastern portion. It extends from 8° 40' to about 23° N. Lat., and from 102° to 109° 20′ E. Lon. Its length, from N. to S., is about 980 m.; its breadth varies from 100 m. to 300 m. Area estimated at 147,000 sq. m. The name Cochin China is unknown to the inhabitants, having been bestowed by the Portuguese. The natives call it Drang-Trong, i. e. "the central country." This appellation, however, is restricted to Cochin China Proper; Tonkin is called the "external country." These two countries are named by the inhabitants An-nam or Anam. Tonkin occupies the northern, and Cochin China Proper the southern region; the boundary line between them is in about 19° N. Lat. The most southern portion of Cochin China Proper once formed a separate country, under the name of Tsiampa, tse-âm'; i or Chiampa. The empire of An-nam comprehends a part of Cambodja and several other territories. Little, however, is known respecting them. The pop. is estimated, by Balbi, at 12,000,000. The inhabitants of Cochin China belong to the same race as the Chinese and Mongols. They have made some progress in most of the arts of civilized life, and, in their mode of living and general character, appear to resemble the Chinese. They are said to excel in naval architecture, and the lacker-ware made at Tonkin is considered by some as preferable to that of Japan. Hué is the cap. of Cochin China and of the whole empire. Adj. and inhab. COCHIN CHINESE, which, however, should be restricted to Cochin China Proper. AN-NAM-ESE or ANAMESE is the more general appellative.

COCKE, a co. in the E. part of Tenn., bordering on N. C. Pop. 6,992. Co. t. Newport.

CODOGNO, ko-done/-yo, a t. of Austrian Italy, in the prov. of Lodi,

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