ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. intersected by the Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal. Pop. 38,107. Co. t. Warren.

TRU-RO, the handsomest t. in Cornwall, England, on the Fal, 8 m. N. by E. of Falmouth. Lat. 50° 15′ N., Lon. 5° 2′ W. Pop. 3,043.

TRUXILLO OF TRUJILLO, troo-Heel/-yo, a small t. of Spain, in Estremadura, 134 m. S. W. by W. from Madrid. It was the birth-place of Pizarro.

TRUX-IL-LO or troo-heel/-yo, a seaport t. of Peru, cap. of a dep., on a small r., about 2 m. from the sea. It was founded by Pizarro, in 1533. Lat. 8° 6' N., Lon. 79° 3′ W. Pop. from 12,000 to 14,000. (B.)

Tu-AM, a city of Ireland, in the co. of Galway, 105 m. W. by N. of Dublin. It was, till lately, the seat of a Protestant, as it still is of a Roman Catholic archbishopric. Lat. 53° 30′ N., Lon. 8° 50′ W. Pop.

in 1831, 6,883. (P. C.)

TU-BING-EN, the second capital of the kingdom of Würtemberg, on the Neckar, 17 m. S. S. W. of Stuttgart. It is chiefly interesting on account of its university, founded in 1477, by Count Eberhard, who afterwards became the first duke of Würtemberg: Reuchlin and Melancthon were among its professors. It was formerly exclusively Protestant; but, since the University at Elwangen was suppressed, Roman Catholics have been admitted: it is now the only university in the kingdom. The number of students is between 600 and 700. It possesses an extensive library, said to contain 140,000 vols., a good collection in natural history, a botanic garden, an observatory, &c. Lat. 48° 31' N., Lon. 9° 4' E. Pop. 8,000. (B.)

TUCK-ER-TON, a village and port of entry of N. J., in Burlington co., on a creek which flows into Little Egg Harbour.

TUCUMAN, too-koo-mån', a t. of S. America, in the republic of La Plata, cap. of a state of its own name, memorable as the place where, in 1816, the declaration of the independence of the La Plata provinces was first promulgated. Lat. 29° 50′ S., Lon. 64° 55′ W. Pop. estiInated at from 10,000 to 12,000. (B.)

TUDELA, too-da-lå, (Anc. Tutela,) a t. of Spain, in Navarre, on the Ebro, here crossed by a fine bridge of 17 arches, 45 m. N. W. of Saragossa. Pop. 8,000. (B.)

TULA. See TOOLA.

TUL-LA-MORE', a t. of Ireland, cap. of King's co., on the Grand Canal, which connects the Shannon with the sea at Dublin, 50 m. W. by S. from this city. Pop. in 1831, 6,342. (P. C.)

TULLE, tüll, a manufacturing t. of France, cap. of the dep. of Corrèze, on the r. Corrèze. Lat. 45° 16′ N., Lon. 2° 54′ E. Pop. 9,000. (B.)

TUN-BRIDGE, also written TONBRIDGE, a small t. of England, on the Medway, 27 m. S. E. of London. The watering-place, Tunbridge Wells, is about 5 m. S. of Tunbridge.

TUNGURAGUA, toong-goo-rå/-gwå, a r. of S. America, which rises in Peru, and afterwards forming a part of the boundary between this re

Fåte, får, fåll, fåt; mẻ, met; pine or pine, pln; nò, nôt; õõ, as in good; public and Ecuador, joins the Ucayuli, to form the Amazon. It is regarded by some geographers as the upper portion of that great river. TU-NI-CA, a co. in the N. W. part of Miss., on the Mississippi r. Pop. 821. Co. seat, Peyton.

TU-NIS (called, by the inhabitants, Tool-nis), a state or regency of N. Africa, nominally dependent on the Turkish empire, between 33° and 37° 20′ N. Lat., and 8° 30′ and 11° 20' E. Lon.; bounded on the N. and E. by the Mediterranean, S. by the desert, and W. by Algiers. Length, from N. to S., about 300 m.; greatest breadth, from E. to W., near 170 m. Area vaguely estimated at about 50,000 sq. m. Pop. 1,800,000. (B.)—Adj. and inhab. TUNISINE, too'-ne-seen', and TUNISIAN, tu-nee/-she-an.

TUNIS (Anc. Tu/nes or Tune/ta), a large and flourishing city, cap. of the above state, situated near the Mediterranean, on a lagoon, 10 m. long, and from 3 to 5 m. broad, which communicates, by a narrow channel called the Goletta (or "little throat"), with the Bay of Tunis. It is encircled by a high wall, with six gates, around which there is another wall enclosing the suburbs, with eleven gates, and about 5 m. in circumference. There are five principal and many smaller mosques. The houses, according to the custom of Barbary, have generally only one story, and the streets are narrow, crooked, and extremely dirty. Tunis appears to be the most populous, commercial, and civilized, as well as most ancient town in all Barbary. Lat. 36° 48′ N., Lon. 10° 11 E. Balbi estimates the pop. at not less than 100,000; the P. C. at from 130,000 to 200,000.

TURCOING, tÜR-kwån', a manufacturing t. of France, in the dep. of Nord, near the Belgian frontier, 10 m. N. E. of Lille. Pop. 8,749. (M.) TU-RIN (Fr. pron. tü-rån/; It. Torino, to-ree/-no; Anc. Augus'ta Taurino'rum); an archiepiscopal city of N. Italy, cap. of the Sardinian States, and of a prov. of its own name, on the left bank of the Po, at its junction with the Dora, about 80 m. W. S. W. of Milan. It is one of the most regularly-built towns in Europe, especially in that part which is called Nuovo Torino (noo-o'-vo to-reel-no), or "New Turin." Some of the streets are remarkably handsome, reminding one of the finest parts of Paris. With respect to literary and scientific institutions, Turin ranks as one of the very first of the Italian cities. The University, founded in 1405, is the most frequented in Italy (B.); it has a library of 112,000 vols., besides about 2,000 manuscripts. There is also a military academy; a royal academy of sciences; a cabinet of medals, one of the richest in Europe; an Egyptian museum, containing, among many other curiosities, the most extensive and interesting collection of Egyptian manuscripts that exists; and many other similar establishments. Lat. 45° 4' N., Lon. 7° 40′ E. The pop., which at the commencement of the last century was only about 42,000, amounted in 1833, including the suburbs, to 119,900. (P. C.)

TUR-KEY OF OTTOMAN EMPIRE (in Turkish, Os'-mân`-lee Vil`-âyet'-ee', or the country of the Osmânlees"), an extensive country occupying the S. E. portion of Europe and the W. part of Asia, priaci

י

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. pally situated between 30° and 48° N. Lat., and 16° and 48° E. Lon.; bounded on the N. by Austria and the Russian empire (from which it is partially separated by the Black Sea), E. by Persia, S. by Arabia and by the Mediterranean, and W. by the Mediterranean, the Adriatic, and the Austrian territories. Length, from N. N.W. to S. S. E., above 1,800 m.; greatest breadth, from N. to S., perhaps 700 m. Balbi estimates the area of European Turkey at about 146,900 sq. m., and the pop. at 7,000,000; the area of Asiatic Turkey at about 741,000 sq. m., and the pop. at 12,500,000, which would give 887,900 sq. miles for the area, and 19,500,000 for the pop. of the whole empire. The religion of Turkey is Mahometanism: the Grand Seignior is regarded as the vicegerent of the prophet, and the protector of the Moslem faith. The government is an absolute despotism, the sultan being under no other restraint than what the laws of the Koran impose. Constantinople is the capital.—Adj. TURK/-18H or OT/-TO-MAN; inhab. TURK or Ottoman (Turk. Os'-mân-lee/).

TURKISTAN. See TOORKISTAN.

TURN-HOUT (-howt), a well-built t. of Belgium, 25 m. E. N. E. of Antwerp, with flourishing manufactures. Pop. 13,000. (B.)

TUS-CA-LOO-SA, a co. in the W. N. W. part of Ala., intersected by the Black Warrior r. Pop. 16,583.

TUSCALOOSA, the cap. of the above co., and of the state of Alabama, is situated on the left bank of the Black Warrior r., at the head of steamboat navigation. Lat. 33° 12′ N., Lon. 87° 42′ W. Pop. about 2,000.

TUS-CA-NY (It. Toscana, tos-kå/-nå; Anc. Etru/ria), GRAND DUCHY OF, a state in the N. and middle part of Italy, between 42° 22′ and 44° 30′ N. Lat., and 9° 40′ and 12° 13′ E. Lon.; bounded (with the exception of some small detached portions) on the N. by the territories of Lucca, Modena, and the Papal State, E. and S. E. by the Papal State, and S. W. and W. by the Mediterranean. Length, from N. to S., about 130 m.; greatest breadth, from E. to W., above 100 m. Total area, including Elba and some other small islands in the Mediterranean, 8,432 sq. m. Pop. in 1836, 1,436,780. (P. C.) Florence is the capital.-Adj. and inhab. Tus'-CAN.

TUS-CA-RA-WAs, a co. in the E. part of Ohio, intersected by the Ohio and Erie Canal. Pop. 25,631. Co. t. New Philadelphia.

Tuy, twee, (Anc. Tu'dæ), a fortified seaport t. of Spain, in Galicia, on the Miño (Minho), about 16 m. from its mouth. Lat. 42° 2' N., Lon. 8° 35′ W. Pop. about 6,000. (B.)

TVER (Twer), a commercial t. of European Russia, cap. of a gov. of the same name, on the Volga, and on the high road between Moscow and St. Petersburg, about 90 m. N. W. of the former city. Lat. 56° 52′ N., Lon. 35° 57′ E. Pop. 24,000. (P. C.)

TWEED, a r. of Great Britain, which forms a part of the boundary between England and Scotland, and falls into the North Sea at Berwick. TWIGGS, a co., in the central part of Ga., on the E. side of the Ocmulgee r. Pop. 8,422. Co. t. Marion.

Fate, får, fåll, fat; me, met; pine, or pine, pin; nô, nôt; ŏŏ as in good;

TY/-LER, a co. in the N. W. part of Va., on the Ohio r. Pop. 6,954. Co. t. Middlebourn.

TYNE, a r. in the N. of England, falling into the North Sea at Tynemouth. It is navigable for vessels of 300 or 400 tons as far as Newcastle.

TYNE-MOUTH OF NORTH SHIELDS, a t. of England, in Northumberland, at the mouth of the above r., on its N. bank, immediately opposite to S. Shields, and 7 m. E. N. E. of Newcastle. Pop. of the township, 11,890.

TYRE (called by the Jews, Tsoor; by the Arabs, Soor; Gr. Tupos; Lat. Ty/rus); a celebrated city and emporium of antiquity, on the S. E. coast of the Mediterranean. Lat. 33° 17′ N., Lon. 35° 14' E. A village of about 1,500 inhabitants now occupies the site of the town which was the glory of ancient Phoenicia. The immense mound built by Alexander the Great, during the memorable siege of the second Tyre, appears to be the only monument of antiquity which can attract the attention of the traveller. (B.)—Adj. and inhab. TYR'-I-ẠN.

TYREE OF TYRY. See TIREE.

TYRNAU, těĕr/-nou (Hung. Nagy Szombath, nody som-bot), a commercial t. of Hungary, cap. of the "circle beyond the Danube," 27 m. N. E. of Presburg. Pop. above 7,000. (B.)

TYR-OL* (Ger. pron. te-role), a country of Germany, forming a part of the Austrian dominions, between 45° 40′ and 47° 44′ N. Lat., and 9° 32′ and 12° 55′ E. Lon., bounded on the N. by Bavaria, E. by Austria and Carinthia, S. E. and S by Italy, and W. by Italy and Switzerland. Greatest length, from E. to W., about 135 m.; greatest breadth, from N. to S., above 120 m. Area 11,457 sq. m. Pop. in 1832, 813,000. (P. C.) A large portion of this country is mountainous. The Tyrolese, like the Swiss, are remarkable for their strong attachment to their native land. Trent (Trient) is the chief town.-Adj. TYR-O-LE-AN and TYR-O-LESE; inhab. TYROLESE.

TYR-ONE', an inland co. in the N. of Ireland, prov. of Ulster, W. of, and bordering on Lough Neagh. Pop. in 1831, 304,468. (P. C.) TYR/-REL, a co. in the E. part of N. C., on the S. side of Albemarle Sound. Pop. 4,675. Co. t. Columbia.

UCAVALI, 00-ki-ya-le, a r. of Peru, which joins the Tunguragua to form the Amazon. According to some geographers, it is properly the Amazon itself.

UDINE, Oo'-de-nå, a walled t. of Austrian Italy, cap. of the prov. of Udine or Friuli, on an elevated plain, about 20 m. from the Adriatic,

* We sometimes hear this name accentuated in English like the German, but the pronunciation that we have given appears to have the sanction of the best speakers, and is supported by the authority of one of our first poets.

like him wayworn

Descending from the TYROL as night fell,"—

ROGERS's Italy, Part First, VIII.

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng.

on the high road between Venice and Vienna. It is well built, and contains 20,000 inhabitants. (B.) Lat. 46° 3' N., Lon. 13° 15′ E.

UIST, wist,* (or more properly üst,) the name of two islands of the Hebrides, off the W. coast of Scotland, belonging to Inverness-shire. North Uist is about 16 m. in length, and nearly 13 m. in its greatest breadth. South Uist is above 20 m. in length, and 6 or 7 m. in its greatest breadth.

U-KRAINE (Polish, Ukraïna, oo-krå-ee/-nå), a name which has been rather indefinitely applied to an extensive and fertile tract in the S. part of European Russia, on both sides of the Dnieper, now comprising the governments of Kief, Podolia, Poltava, and Slobode Ukraina; the last is sometimes called the gov. of Ukraine.

ULE BORG, 00'-le-o-boRG`, a seaport t. of Russia, in the grand-duchy of Finland, cap. of a circle of its own name, on the Gulf of Bothnia, at the mouth of the r. Uleå (ool-le-o). Lat. 65° N., Lon. about 25° 30′ E. Pop. about 5,000. (M.)

ULM (Ger. pron. öōlm), formerly an important fortress of Würtemberg, on the Danube, where it begins to be navigable, 45 m. S. E. of Stuttgart. Its cathedral or Münster, though unfinished, is a fine specimen of ancient Gothic architecture, and one of the largest and loftiest churches in Germany. Lat. 48° 23′ N., Lon. 9° 59′ E. Pop. 16,000. (P. C.)

UL-STER, the most northern of the four provinces of Ireland, comprising the counties of Antrim, Armagh, Cavan, Donegal, Down, Fermanagh, Londonderry, Monaghan, and Tyrone.

ULSTER, a co. in the S. E. part of N. Y., on the W. side of the Hudson r. Pop. 45,822. Co. t. Kingston.

UMEA, 00-me-ò, a small r. in the N. of Sweden, which falls into the Gulf of Bothnia, in about 63° 40' N. Lat.

UM-MER-A-POO-RA (Amarapoura-see Int. XIX., 1, Obs.), a decayed city of Chin India, formerly the cap. of the Birman empire. Lat. 21° 55' N., Lon. 96° 7′ E.

UNDERWALDEN. See UNTERWALDEN.

UNION, a co. in the central part of Va., on the W. side of the Susquehanna r. Pop. 22,787. Co. t. New Berlin.

UNION, a district in the N. N. W. part of S. C., on the W. side of Broad r. Pop. 18,936. Seat of justice, Unionville.

UNION, a co. on the N. border of Ga. Pop. 3,152. Co. t. Blairsville. UNION, a parish on the N. border of La. Pop. 1,838. Seat of justice, Farmersville.

UNION, a co. on the S. border of Ark. Pop. 2,889. Seat of justice, Union c. h.

UNION, a co. in the N. W. part of Ky., on the Ohio r. Pop. 6,673. Co. t. Morganfield.

"Be mine, so please my liege, dismiss'd
To wake to arms the clans of UIST."

SCOTT's Lord of the Isles, Canto IV.