Fate, far, fall, fat; mẻ, mét; pine, or pine, p’n ; nó, nột ; on as in good;

VIENNA, a port of entry of Md., in Dorchester co., on the Nanticoke r.

VIENNE, ve`-enn, (Anc. Vien'na,) a manufacturing t. of France, in the dep. of Isere, on the Rhone, here crossed by a suspension bridge, 16 m. S. by E. of Lyons. It appears to have been formerly a far more important and larger town than at present, and it still retains many monuments of its ancient splendour; among which may be mentioned a Corinthian temple, resembling the Maison Carée of Nismes, but not so elegant. Lat. 45° 33′ N., Lon., 4° 54′ E. Pop. 14,000. (M.) VIENNE, a dep. in the W. central part of France, intersected by a r. the same name, which flows into the Loire. Pop. 288,002. (B.) Capital, Poitiers.

VIENNE, UPPER, (Fr. Haute-Vienne, ōte ve`-enn',) a dep. in the S.W. central part of France, on the sources of the r. Vienne. Pop. 293,011. (B.) Capital, Limoges.

VIGEVANO, ve-jev/-å-no, a t. of N. Italy, Sardinian States, near the right bank of the Ticino, 20 m. S. W. of Milan. Pop. 12,000. (P. C.) Vil-Go, a co. in the W. part of Ind., bordering on Ill., and intersected by the Wabash. Pop. 12,076. Co. t. Terre Haute.

VILLACH, Vil-låK', a small, but formerly important t. of Illyria, on the Drave. Lat. 46° 35′ N., Lon. 13° 52′ E.

VILLA-REAL, Veel/-yå rå-ål', (i. e. “royal town,") a t. and formerly a fortress of Spain, about 4 m. from the sea, and 33 m. N. N. E. of Valencia. Pop. estimated at about 8,000. (M.)

VILLA-RICA, Vill-lå ree/-kå, (i. e. "rich town,") a t. of Brazil, cap. of the prov. Minas Geraes (mee/-nås zhà-rå/-ês,) 190 m. N. N. W. of Rio Janeiro. The produce of the famous gold mines, to which this town owes its origin and name, has greatly diminished, and the population of the place has been reduced from about 30,000 to 9,000 (B.), but it is still one of the most important manufacturing and commercial towns in the interior of Brazil.

VILLEFRANCHE, veel`-frånsh', a t. of France, in the dep. of Aveyron, on the r. Aveyron. Lat. 44° 23′ N., Lon. 2° 2′ E. Pop. 8,147. (M.) VINCENNES, Vin-senz/, (Fr. pron. vân`-senn',) a small t. of France, situated about 3 m. E. of Paris, remarkable for its ancient royal castle, which is now used as a state prison.

VINCENNES, a t. of Indiana, cap. of Knox co., on the Wabash, about 150 m. from its mouth. It was settled by the French, from Canada, in the early part of last century, and is one of the oldest towns in the western states. Pop. between 2,000 and 3,000.

VIN-CENT, ST., one of the W. India Islands, belonging to Great Britain, intersected by the parallel of 13° 20′ N. Lat., and the meridian of 61° 15' W. Lon. It is 18 m. long, and 11 m. broad, with an area of 131 sq. m. Pop., in 1834, 27,122; of whom, 1,301 were whites. (P. C.) Kingston, near the S. end of the island, with about 2,000 inhabitants, is the capital.

VINCENT, CAPE ST., (the Sacrum Promontorium of the ancients,) a

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng.

point of land forming the S. W. extremity of Portugal. Lat. 37° 3′ N., Lon. 9° W.

VIRE, Veer, a t. of France, in the dep. of Calvados, on a small r. of its own name, 35 m. S. W. of Caen. Lat. 48° 51′ N., Lon. 0° 55′ W. Pop. 7,200. (M.)

VIRGIN ISLANDS, a group of small islands, forming a part of the W. India Archipelago, between 18° and 18° 50' N. Lat., and 64° 10′ and 65° 40′ W. Lon.

VIRGINIA, Ver-jin/-e-a, one of the U. S., between 36° 30′ and 39° 40 N. Lat., and 75° and 83° 30′ W. Lon.; (this, however, does not include a narrow strip of land forming the N. N. W. extremity of the state, and situated between Pa. and the Ohio r.): bounded on the N. by Pennsylvania and Maryland, N. E. and E. by Maryland and the Atlantic, S. by N. Carolina and Tennessee, and W. and N. W. by Kentucky and Ohio, from the latter of which it is separated by the Chio r.; and divided into 124 counties.* It is the largest state in the Union. Greatest length, from E. to W., 450 m.; greatest breadth, from N. to S., above 210 m. including the strip of land before mentioned, it will amount to near 280 m. Area estimated at 70,000 sq. m. Total pop. 1,239,797; of whom, 740,968 are whites; 49,842 free coloured, and 448,987 slaves. Richmond is the seat of government.—Inhab. VIRGINIAN, ver-jin'-e-an.

VIS-TU-LA (Ger. Weichsel, Wike/-sel; Polish, Wisla, Wis/-lå), a large r. of Europe, which rises in Austrian Silesia, near the frontier of Galicia, in about 49° 35' N. Lat., and 19° E. Lon., and flowing, at first northeasterly, then northerly, afterwards westerly, and again north-easterly, divides itself into several branches, discharging a part of its waters into the Frische Haff, and a part into the Gulf of Dantzic. Its entire length is estimated at about 500 m.: it is navigable, for large barges, to Cracow, above 300 m. It is connected, by canals, with the rivers Niemen and Elbe.

VITEBSK OF VITEPSK. See WITEBSK.

VITERBO, Ve-ter/-bo, a well-built city of Central Italy, in the Papal

Accomack, Albemarle, Alleghany, Amelia, Amherst, Augusta, Barbour, Bath, Bedford, Berkeley, Botetourt, Braxton, Brooke, Brunswick, Buckingham, Cabell, Campbell, Caroline, Carroll, Charles City, Charlotte, Chesterfield, Clarke, Culpepper, Cumberland, Dinwiddie, Elizabeth City, Essex, Fairfax, Fauquier, Fayette, Floyd, Fluvanna, Franklin, Frederick, Giles, Gloucester, Goochland, Grayson, Greenbrier, Greene, Greensville, Halifax, Hampshire, Hanover, Hardy, Harrison, Henrico, Henry, Isle of Wight, Jackson, James City, Jefferson, Kanawha, King George, King William, King and Queen, Lancaster, Lee, Lewis, Logan, Loudoun, Louisa, Lunenburg, Madison, Marion, Marshall, Mason, Mathews, Mecklenburg, Mercer, Middlesex, Monongalia, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Nansemond, Nelson, New Kent, Nicholas, Norfolk, Northampton, Northumberland, Nottaway, Ohio, Orange, Page, Patrick, Pendleton, Pittsylvania, Pocahontas, Powhattan, Preston, Princess Anne, Prince Edward, Prince George, Prince William, Pulaski, Randolph, Rappahannock, Richmond, Ritchie, Roanoke, Rockbridge, Rocking ham, Russell, Scott, Shenandoah, Smythe, Southampton. Spotsylvania, Stafford, Surry, Sussex, Tazewell, Tyler, Warren, Warwick, Washington, Wayne, Westmoreland, Wood, Wythe, York.

Fåte, får, fåll, fåt; mẻ, mêt; pine or pine, pin; nò, nôt; õõ as in good ; State, cap. of a prov. of the same name, 40 m. N. N.W. of Rome. Pop. 13,000. (B.)

VITORIA, Ve-to-re-å, sometimes written VITTORIA, a manufacturing and commercial t. of Spain, in Biscay, 30 m. S. S. E. of Bilbao. Pop. 12,000.

(B.)

VITRÉ, ve'-tra', a t. of France, in the dep. of Ille and Vilaine, 23 m. E. of Rennes. Pop. 7,899. (M.)

VIZAGAPATAM, ve-za-ga-pa-tam', a small seaport t. of Hindostan, on the Coromandel coast. Lat. 17° 42' N., Lon. 83° 24′ E.

VLAD-I-MEER (Vladimir or Wladimir), a decayed city of European Russia, cap. of a gov. of the same name, 110 m. E. by N. of Moscow. Lat. 56° 10 N., Lon. 40° 20′ E. Pop. estimated at 7,000. (M.) It is one of the oldest towns in Russia, and from 1157 to 1328 was the residence of the grand-dukes and the cap. of Great Russia.

VOGHERA, Vo-gå/-rå, a t. of N. Italy, Sardinian States, cap. of a prov. of the same name. Lat. 44° 59′ N., Lon. 9° 1' E. Pop. 11,000. (P. C.) VOL-HYN-I-A (Pol. Wolynsk, vo-leensk'), a gov. in the S. W. part of European Russia, bordering on the Austrian territories. Zhitomeer (Jitomir) is the capital.

VO-LOG/-DA, a commercial t., cap. of an extensive gov. of the same name, in the N. part of European Russia. Lat. 59° 13′ N., Lon. 40° 10′ E. Pop. 14,000. (P. C.)

VORARLBERG, fore-aRl/-beRG, a mountainous district of the Austrian States, bordering on Switzerland and Bavaria. It forms a part of the gov. of Tyrol.

VO-RO-NEZH (Voroneje, Voronetz, Woronetz, or Woronesch), a flourishing commercial t. of European Russia, cap. of a gov. of the same name, on the r. Voronezh, about 2 m. above its junction with the Don. Lat. 51° 40′ N., Lon. 39° 22′ E. The pop. has been variously stated; the official accounts of 1841 make it no less than 43,800. (P. C.)

VOSGES, võzh, a dep. in the E. part of France, on the sources of the Moselle. Pop. 411,034. (B.) Capital, Epinal.

WAAL OF WHAAL. See RHINE.

WA-BASH, a r. of Ind., which rises in the E. N. E. part of the state: flowing at first westerly, and afterwards southerly, it falls into the Ohio, near 37° 50′ N. Lat., and 88° W. Lon. In the latter part of its course, it separates Indiana from Illinois. The whole length is estimated at 500 m., for above 300 of which it is navigable.

WABASH, a co. towards the N. part of Ind., intersected by the Wabash r. Pop. 2,756. Co. t. Wabash.

WABASH, a co. in the S. E. part of Ill., on the Wabash r. Pop. 4,240. Co. t. Mount Carmel.

WAKE, a co. near the centre of N. C., intersected by the Neuse r. Pop. 21,118. Co. t. Raleigh.

WAKE-FIELD, a well-built t. of England, in the W. Riding of Yorkshire, on the Calder, 9 m. S. of Leeds. It was formerly the seat of extensive woollen manufactures, and is now one of the principal corn

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. markets in the kingdom. Pop. of the township, with an area of only 630 acres, 14,754.

WALCHEREN, wål/-кer-en, an i. of Holland, between the mouths of the E. and W. Scheldt, forming a part of the prov. of Zealand: it is intersected by the parallel of 51° 30′ N. Lat., and the meridian of 3° 30 E. Lon. Its form approaches a circle. Length about 12 m.; greatest breadth 10 m.

WAL-DECK (Ger. pron. Wål/-děk), a principality in the N. of Germany, consisting of two separate parts, Waldeck Proper, and the county of Pyrmont (pěĕr/-mont). The former is situated between 51° 2′ and 51° 31′ N. Lat., and 8° 31′ and 9° 13′ E. Lon. Area above 420 sq. m. The county of Pyrmont, with an area only about 1-20th part as great as that of Waldeck Proper, lies between 30 and 40 m. farther N., being intersected by the 52d parallel of N. Lat., and the meridian of 9° 15' E. Lon. Total area 462 sq. m. Pop. 57,000. (P. C.) Corbach is the capital.

WAL-DO, a co. in the S. part of Me., on Belfast and Penobscot Bays. Pop. 41,509. Co. t. Belfast.

WAL-DO-BO-ROUGH, a port of entry of Me., situated on Muscongus Bay, in the E. part of Lincoln co. Pop. 3,661.

WALES (see CORNWALL-note), a principality of Great Britain, occupying the W. S. W. portion of the island, between 51° 22′ and 53° 26' N. Lat., and 2° 51′ and 5° 20′ W. Lon.; bounded on the W. and N. by the sea, E. by England, and S. by the r. Severn and Bristol Channel. Length, from N. to S., about 135 m.; greatest breadth, from E. to W., about 95 m. Area 7,425 sq. m. Pop. 911,603. (See GREAT BRITAIN.) -Adj. WELSH: inhab. WELSH-MAN.

WALK-ER, a co. forming the N. W. extremity of Ga. Pop. 6,572. Co. t. Lafayette.

WALKER, a co. towards the N. W. part of Ala., intersected by the Black Warrior r. Pop. 4,032. Co. t. Jasper.

WALLACHIA, Wol-la-ke-a, (Turk. If`-låk',) a principality in the S. E. part of Europe, nominally forming a portion of European Turkey, but in reality under the protection of Russia, extending from 43° 40' to 44° 40' N. Lat., and 22° 30′ to 28° E. Lon.; bounded on the N. by Transylvania and Moldavia, E., S., and S. W. by the Turkish territories, from which it is separated by the Danube, and W. and N. W. by Hungary. Length about 280 m.; greatest breadth, 125 m. Area estimated at 28,000 sq. m. Pop. estimated by Balbi, in 1826, at 970,000. The government of Wallachia, like that of Moldavia, may be styled a limited monarchy. The prince is elected for life by the aristocracy and clergy; it is, however, necessary that his election should be approved by Russia. The physical and moral condition of both the Wallachians and Moldavians is miserable and degraded, though it is said to have considerably improved since they were released from the Turkish yoke.-Adj. and inhab. WAL-LA-CHI-AN, and WAL/-LACH.

WALSALL, a thriving t. of England, in Staffordshire, 7 m. N.W. of Birmingham. Pop. 7,395.

WALT-HAM ABBEY, a small t. of England, 12 m. N. N. E. of London.

Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, met; plne or pine, pin; nò, nôt; ŏŏ, as in good;

WALTHAM, Woll-thum, a small t. of Mass., in Middlesex co., 10 m., in a straight line, W. by N. of Boston. Pop. 2,504.

WAL-TON, a co. in the N. central part of Ga., a little S. E. of the Chattahoochee. Pop. 10,209. Co. t. Monroe.

WALTON, a co. in the W. part of Florida, bordering on Ala. Pop. 1,401.

WAL-WORTH, a Co. in the S. E. part of Wisconsin, bordering on Ill. Pop. 2,611.

WANDS-WORTH, a large village of England, in Surrey, 5 m. S. W. of London. Pop. of the parish, with an area of near 3 sq. m., 7,614. WARDEIN OF WARADEIN. See GROSS-WARDEIN.

WARE, a co. in the S. E. part of Ga., bordering on Florida. Pop. 2,323. Co. t. Waresboro.

WAR-REN, a co. in the E. part of N. Y., bordering on L. George. Pop. 13,422. Co. t. Caldwell.

WARREN, a co. in the N. W. part of N. J., bordering on the Delaware. Pop. 20,366. Co. t. Belvidere.

WARREN, a co. in the N. W. part of Pa., bordering on N. Y., and intersected by the Alleghany r. Pop. 9,278. Co. t. Warren.

WARREN, a co. towards the N. È. part of Va., intersected by the Shenandoah. Pop. 5,627. Co. t. Front Royal.

WARREN, a co. in the N. part of N. C., intersected by the Roanoke. Pop. 12,919. Co. t. Warrenton.

WARREN, a co. towards the N. E. part of Ga., intersected by the Georgia Railroad. Pop. 9,789. Co. t. Warrenton.

WARREN, a co. in the W. part of Miss., bordering on the Mississippi and Black Warrior rivers. Pop. 15,820. Co. seat, Vicksburg.

WARREN, a co. in Tenn., near the middle of the state, and S. E. of Nashville. Pop. 10,803. Co. t. McMinnville.

WARREN, a co. in the S. W. central part of Ky., on the S. side of Green r. Pop. 15,446. Co. t. Bowling Green.

WARREN, a co. in the S. W. part of Ohio, intersected by the little Miami r. Pop. 23,141. Co. t. Lebanon.

WARREN, a co. in the W. part of Ind., between the Wabash, on the E., and Illinois, on the W. Pop. 5,656. Co. t. Williamsport.

WARREN, a co. in the W. part of Ill., a little E. of the Mississippi r. Pop. 6,739. Co. t. Monmouth.

WARREN, a co. in the E. part of Mo., on the N. side of the Missouri r. Pop. 4,253. Co. t. Warrenton.

WARI-SAW (Polish, Warszawa, War-shål-vå; Lat. Warso/via); the cap. of Poland, is situated on the left bank of the Vistula, nearly in the centre of the kingdom. The old town was irregularly built, with narrow streets; but since Warsaw has come into the possession of the Russians, a large portion of it has been rebuilt, and it is now said to be one of the handsomest cities in Europe. Everything appears to be done by the Russian government to change its character as a Polish town. The University was abolished in 1834, and its library of 150,000 vols. transferred to St. Petersburg. The Academy of Sciences has