ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. established themselves here about the beginning of the 5th century. (P. C.)-Adj. and inhab. ANDALUSIAN, an-da-lu/-she-an.

AN-DA-MAN ISLANDS, a group on the E. side of the Bay of Bengal, consisting of four large islands and several small ones. Three of these are almost contiguous, being separated only by very narrow straits, so that they are usually regarded as one island, and named the Great Andaman. The other of the four is called the Little Andaman. The former, including all its parts, is about 150 m. in length, and 20 in breadth. The latter, lying 30 m. S. of it, is 28 m. long, and 17 broad. Lat. from 10° 30′ to 13° 40′ N., Lon. about 93° E.

ANDELYS, LES, laze ånd'-le', a manufacturing t. of France, in the dep. of Eure, on the right side of the Seine, about 50 m. N. W. of Paris. It consists properly of two towns, the Great (Grand), and the Little (Petit) Andely. Pop. 5,000. (B.)

ANDERNACH, ån-der-nåk, (Anc. Antunacum,) a small t. of Rhenish Prussia, on the left bank of the Rhine, 10 m. W. N. W. of Coblentz, with a considerable trade in millstones and trass, a substance which, when pulverized and mixed with water, becomes as hard as stone.

ANDES, an/-diz, (called by the Spaniards Cordillera de los Andes, kon-deel-ya-rå då loce ån/-dês,) the southern portion of the mountain chain which, under various names, extends through the whole length of the American continent. The principal ridge follows, in general, the windings of the Pacific coast, from which it is distant from 50 to 150 m. The highest peaks of the Andes are the Nevado de Sorata,' the Nevado de Illimani, and Chimborazo. (See SORATA, ILLIMANI, and CHIMBORAZO.)

ANDORRA, an-dor/-rå, a little republic of Catalonia, Spain, under the protection of France, intersected by the parallel of 42° 30′ N. Lat. and the meridian of 1° 30′ E. Lon. Area, 192 sq. m. Pop. 15,000. (B.) ANDORRA, the cap. of the above, has a pop. of about 2,000.

AN-DO-VER, a t. of Essex co., Mass., 20 m. in a straight line N. of Boston, on the railroad which connects this city with Portland, in Maine. A Theological Seminary, under the direction of the Congregationalists, was established here in 1808. It is richly endowed, and enjoys a high reputation. Phillips' Academy, of this place, is one of the best endowed and most flourishing institutions of the kind in the country.

AN-DREW, a co. near the N. W. extremity of Mo.

AN-DREWS, ST., an ancient city of Scotland, in Fifeshire, on the German Ocean, 31 m. N. E. of Edinburgh. The University of St. Andrews is the oldest in Scotland, having been founded in 1411. It is attended by about 800 students, and has a library of 40,000 vols. Lat. 56° 20′ N., Lon. 2° 48′ W. Pop. 3,959.

ANDRO, ån/-dro, (Anc. An/dros,) an island of the Grecian Archipelago, about 8 m. from the S. E. extremity of Euboea. It is 25 m. long, and 8 broad, and contains a pop. of about 18,000. (P. C.)

AN-DROS-COG-GIN, a r. of Maine, which, rising from Umbagog Lake,

72

Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, met; pine or pine, pîn; nò, nôt; õõ, as in good,

after passing into N. H., returns into Me., and empties itself into the Kennebeck, about 18 m. from its mouth.

ANDUXAR OF ANDUJAR, ån-doo-HåR, a t. of Andalusia, Spain, on the Guadalquivir, 18 m. N. W. of Jaen. Lat. about 38° N., Lon. 4° W. Pop. 10,000. (B.)

ÅNGERMANLAND, ong/-er-mån-lånd', a prov. of Sweden, bordering on the Gulf of Bothnia.

ANGERS, an-jerz or ån-zh, formerly sometimes written ANGIERS, an/-jeerz*, (Anc. Juliom'agus, afterwards Andeca/vi,) a t. of France; cap. of the dep. of Maine and Loire, formerly of the prov. of Anjou, on the Mayenne, 165 m. S. W. of Paris. In the neighbourhood are extensive slate quarries, which give employment to 3,000 workmen, and furnish annually 80,000,000 slates. Lat. 47° 28′ N., Lon. 0° 33′ W. Pop. 35,900. (B.)

ANGLESEY OF ANGLESEA, an'-g'l-se', an island and co. of Wales, in the Irish Sea. It is about 27 m. long, and 17 broad. Pop. 50,890.

AN-GO-LA,† a country on the W. coast of Africa, extending from the r. Danda, in about 8° 20', to the r. Coanza, in 9° 20' S. Lat. The name Angola is often used to comprehend the whole extent of coast from Cape Lopez Gonsalvo, in Lat. 0° 44′ S., to S. Felipe de Benguela, Lat. 12° 14'S. The chief, and almost sole object for which it is visited, is the trade in slaves.

AN-GO-RA OF AN-GOO-RA, (Anc. Ancy/ra, Turk. En-goor',) a city of Asiatic Turkey, noted for its manufactures, particularly of shawls, made from the hair of a species of goat, which derives its name from this town. Opium is extensively cultivated in the neighbouring territory. Ancyra was an important place under the Roman empire, and afterwards fell successively into the possession of the Persians, Arabs, and Turks. For some time it was the cap. of the Turkish dominion, but was lost in the celebrated battle fought between Tamerlane and Mohammed I. recovered it in 1415, and since that Bajazet, in 1402. period it has always belonged to the Ottoman empire. Lat. 39° 52' N., Lon. 32° 46′ E. Pop. estimated by Balbi at 35,000 or 40,000.

ANGOSTURA, ån-gos-tool-rå, a t. of S. America, in Venezuela, on the
Lat. 8° 8' N., Lon. 63° 55' W.
Orinoco, about 240 m. from its mouth.
The pop. in 1807 amounted to more than 8,000, but is said at present
not to exceed 3,000. (P. C.)

ANGOULÊME, AN`-goo'-lame', a t. of France; cap. of the dep. of Charente, on the r. Charente, 65 m. N. E. of Bordeaux. Lat. 45° 39′ N., Lon. 0° 10′ E. Pop. 16,910. (B.)

ANGRA, ån/-grå, the cap. of Terceira, one of the Azores, situated on

*"You men of ANGIERS, open wide your gates-"

And lay this ANGIERS even with the ground."

KING JOHN, Act II., Scene 2.

↑ "Undamped by time the generous instinct glows,
Far as ANGOLA's sands or Zembla's snows.'

"

ROGERS' Pleasures of Memory.*

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. an inlet on the S. coast. From this situation the town derives its name, angra signifying "inlet" in Portuguese. It is fortified and well built. Lat. 38 38 N., Lon. 27° 13′ W. Pop. about 13,000. (B.)

ANGUILLA, ån-ghill-la, (Sp. Anguila, an-ghee-lå,) or Snake Island (so called from its figure), one of the Antilles, about 20 m. long, and 6 broad. Lat. 18° 10 about N., Lon. 63° 20′ W.

ANGUS. See FORFARSHIRE.

ANHALT, ån/-hålt, an ancient principality of Germany, enclosed almost on every side by the Prussian territories, being bounded N. by Brandenburg, E. by Prussian Saxony, S. W. by the county of Mansfeld, and N. W. by Brunswick, Halberstadt, and Magdeburg. It is now divided into the duchies Dessau, Bernburg, and Cothen. Between 51° 35′ and 52° 6' N. Lat., and 10° 55′ and 12° 36′ E. Lon.

ANHOLT, ån'hôlt, a small island in the Cattegat, belonging to Denmark. Lat, about 56° 40′ N., Lon. 11° 35' E.

ANJOU, ȧn'-joo,* (Fr. ån`-zhoo',) formerly a prov. of France, now distributed among the deps. of Maine and Loire, Sarthe, Mayenne, and Vienne.

ANKLAM, ån/-klåm, a small commercial t. of Pomerania, 21 m. S. E. of Greifswald. Lat. 53° 50′ N., Lon. 13° 48' E. Pop. 6,286. (P. C.) AN-KO-BER, a t. of Abyssinia; cap. of the fertile prov. of Efat (Ifat). near 10 N. Lat., and 40° E. Lon.

ANNABERG, ån/-na-bêRG`, a t. in the Erzgebirge (ore-mountain district), in the kingdom of Saxony, 2,800 ft. above the level of the sea, and about 48 m. S. W. of Dresden. Pop. 5,500. (P. C.)

AN-NAM. See COCHIN CHINA.

AN-NAP-O-LIS, the cap. of the state of Maryland, and of the co. of Ann Arundel, on the S. bank of the Severn, 25 m. S. by E. of Baltimore. It is a port of entry. Lat. 38° 58′ 35′′ N., Lon. 76° 33′ W. Pop. 2,792.

ANNAPOLIS, a t. of Nova Scotia; the seat of the provincial government until 1750, when Halifax was founded, and became the cap. of the prov. Lat. 44° 40′ N., Lon. 65° 37′ W.

ANN ARUN-DEL, a co. of Maryland, on the W. side of Chesapeake Bay. Pop. 29,532. Co. t. Annapolis.

AN-NE-CY or ann'-se', a t. of Savoy, on the N. bank of L. Annecy, 22 m. N. N. E. of Chambéry. It is the principal seat of manufacturing industry in Savoy. Lat. 45° 54' N., Lon. 6° 10′ E. Pop. between 5,000 and 6,000. (P. C.)

AN'-NO-NAY', a t. of France; the busiest and most populous in the dep. of Ardèche, 34 m. N. of Privas, celebrated for its manufacture of paper, which is esteemed the best in France. Pop. 8,000. (B.)

ANSPACH, åns/-på¤, or ANSBACH, a t. of Bavaria; cap. of a circle of

This accentuation of Anjou, when anglicized, is sanctioned by the authority of Shakspeare and other poets, as well as by the genius of our language.

"Command in ANJOU what your honour pleases."

Upon condition I may quietly

Enjoy mine own, the county Maine and ANJOU."

HENRY VI., Part First, Act V., Scene 3d.

Fåte, får, fåll, fåt; me, mit; plne or pine, pîn; nỏ, nôt; õõ as in good;

the same name, at the confluence of the Rezat with the Holzbach (holts/-bak), about 30 m. S. W. of Nuremberg. Lat. 49° 20′ N., Lon. 10° 28′ E. Pop. between 16,000 and 17,000. (P. C)

AN-SON, a co. of N. C., bordering on the Yadkin r. and S. C. Pop. 15,077. Co. t. Wadesborough.

ANTEQUERA, ån-t-kV-rå, a t. of Andalusia, Spain, 30 m. N. N. W. of Malaga. Lat. 37° 9′ N., Lon. 4° 35′ W. Pop. estimated at 20,000. (B.)

ANTIBES, N-teeb', (Anc. Antipolis,) a fortified t. and port of France, in the dep. of Var, on the Mediterranean, near the frontier of the Sardinian dominions. Lat. 43° 33′ N., Lon. 7° 7' E. Pop. about 5,000. (P. C.)

ANTICOSTI, an-te-cos/-te, an island lying in the mouth of the St. Lawrence, above 120 m. long, and about 30 m. broad. It is uncultivated and uninhabited, with the exception of two families, who have been established here for the purpose of assisting persons cast away on the coast. (P. C.)

ANTIGUA, an-tee-ga, one of the Caribbee Islands, belonging to England, about 20 m. long, and 12 m. broad. St. John, the cap., is in Lat. 17° 10' N., Lon. 61° 57′ W. Total pop. of the island, 35,714. (P. C.)

ANTILLES, an-teel', a name given to certain West India islands. The Greater Antilles comprehend Cuba, Hayti, Jamaica, and Porto Rico; the Lesser Antilles, all the Caribbean group, with those lying along the coast of S. America.

ANTIOCH, an/-te-ok, (Anc. Antiochila, Turk. Antakia, an-t-kee`-a,) a decayed city of Syria, on the S. bank of the Orontes, 46 m. W. of Aleppo. It was founded by Seleucus Nicator, who named it Antiochia, in honour of his father, Antiochus. It became the residence of the Syrian monarchs, and grew to be one of the largest cities in the world. Lat. 36° 8' N., Lon. 36° 12′ E. Pop. estimated by Balbi at 10,000. ANTIOQUIA, an-te-o-kee/-å, a prov. of New Granada, in the dep. of Cundinamarca. Also, a small t. of this prov.

ANTISANA, ån-te-så/-nå, a summit of the Andes, in Quito, the highest volcano in the world, having an elevation of 19,130 feet. Also, a village on the side of the above mountain, formerly regarded as the highest inhabited place on the globe, being 13,450 feet above the level of the sea; but it is now ascertained to be some hundred feet lower than the highest parts of the mining region, near Potosi. (B.) See THIBET. AN-TRIM, & Co. forming the N. N. E. extremity of Ireland. Pop. in 1831, 323,306. (P. C.)

ANTRIM, a t. of the above co., near the N. E. extremity of Lough Neagh, and about 15 m. N. W. of Belfast. It was once a place of great importance, but in 1831 had a population of only 2,655. (P. C.) ANTRIM (Megissee), a co. in the N. N. W. part of Mich., bordering on an arm of L. Michigan.

ANTI-WERP, (Dutch, Antwerpen, ånt/-wêr-pen, Fr. Anvers, ån`-vaiR',) a t. of Belgium, on the right bank of the Scheldt, 36 m. N. of Brussels. It is strongly fortified on the land side, and has a large citadel on the

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TII, as in this; N, nearly like ng.

S. The commerce of Antwerp is still considerable, though but the shadow of what it was in the 16th century, when its population amounted to more than 200,000, and when, if we may believe the concurrent testimony of different writers worthy of credit, 500 vessels daily entered its port, and about 2,500 ordinarily lay at anchor there. It is estimated that this great emporium put into circulation every year 500,000,000 florins, and that the annual receipts from the imposts amounted to 2,000,000. (B.) Lat. 51° 14′ N., Lon. 4° 22′ E. Pop. in 1831, 77,199. (P. C.)

ANZIN, ån`-zânꞌ, a village of France, near Valenciennes, in the dep. of Nord, and the seat of the most extensive collieries in the kingdom. The number of pits amounts to 40, and some of them have been sunk to the depth of 1,476 feet (450 metres); 16,000 workmen are employed here. (B.) Pop. of the village, 4,000. (P. C.)

The

ÁN-ZOO-AN (ANZUAN or ANJOUAN), commonly called JO-HAN-NA, the first in importance, though the second in size, of the Comoro Islands. The most southern point is in 12° 25' S. Lat.; the most eastern, 44° 34 E. Lon. Its circumference is estimated at from 70 to 80 miles. pop., much reduced of late, was formerly rated at 100,000. (P. C.) AOSTA, à-os-tå, a t. of Piedmont; cap. of a duchy of the same name, situated nearly 2,000 feet above the level of the sea, and about 65 m. S. E. of Geneva. Lat. 45° 45′ N., Lon. 7° 16' E. Pop. 5,500. (P.C.) AP-EN-NINES, the general name for the great mountain system of Italy. This chain, beginning near Mount Appio, in the territory of Genoa, traverses Italy in its whole length. When near the end of its course, it divides into two branches, one of which runs S. E. towards the Capo di Leuca, while the other advances S. to the Strait of Messina. Mount Etna, which may justly be regarded as forming a part of the Apennine system, and Mount Corno, in Abruzzo Ultra, are the highest points of the chain; the former having an elevation of about 10,870 feet (1,700 toises), the latter of 9,520 feet (1,489 toises). (B.) AP-PA-LACH-I-CO/-LA, a r. formed by the union of the Chattahoochee and Flint rivers, in Ga.: it flows through Florida into a bay of its own name, communicating with the Gulf of Mexico. Length, 70 m.

APPALACHICOLA, a port of entry of Florida, cap. of Franklin co., at the mouth of the above r.

APPENZELL, åp`-pent-sell', a canton in the E. N. E. part of Switzerland. Area, 153 sq. m. Pop. 55,000. (B.)-Inhab. APPENZELLER, åp`-pentsel-ler.

APPENZELL, a t. of the above canton, on the Sitter, 40 m. E. by S. of Zürich. Pop. about 5,000. (B.)

AP-PLING, a co. in the S. E. part of Ga., S. of, and bordering on the Altamaha. Pop. 2,052. Seat of justice, Appling c. h.

AP-PO-MAT-TOx, a r. in the S. E. part of Va., flowing into James r. APT, åpt, (Lat. Ap'ta Julia,) an ancient t. of France, in the dep. of Vaucluse, about 30 m. E. by S. of Avignon. Lat. 43° 53' N., Lon. 5° 25′ E. Pop. 5,433. (M. B.)

APURE, à-pool-rà, a r. of S. America, in Venezuela, which flows into