received the $450,000 expended by the foundation last year? That might require you to have access to the reports of some of these subordinate societies affiliated with you.

Mr. SCOTT. I think that would be very difficult to do, Mr. Chairman, by reason of the smallness of sums, and things of that kind. I want to do just exactly what you want me to do, if I can.

Let me call to vour attention that Senator Walsh went over in his examination the financial statement dated January 31, 1913, which included the disbursements of the year and asked for specific information on every point, and I then had the books with me and was able to give him most of that, but when there was some item which I could not give, I made a note of it and sent him information.

The CHAIRMAN. Why could you not give it?

Mr. SCOTT. It is very difficult to go into all the details. For example, you ask here as to the American Peace Society. Now we gave $31,000 to the American Peace Society. A statement of how that was distributed by the American Peace Society involves a very great deal of labor. If you would be satisfied with a report of that nature, so much money to this organization or for this line of work, that could be prepared very simply, and I think would give you most of the information you want. The CHAIRMAN. It would not give, though, the precise information I want. I should like to know the names of individuals in this country who are receiving, by way of compensation or otherwise, money from the Carnegie Peace Foundation. Can you supply that?

Mr. SCOTT. I can merely say I will try to give you a list.

The CHAIRMAN. There are a good many people who are lecturing throughout the country and receiving pay from some of the societies, are there not?

Mr. SCOTT. From the societies, yes. We do not have lecturers ourselves.

The CHAIRMAN. The smaller societies employ the lecturers?
Mr. SCOTT. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. The smaller societies which are maintained in part by you?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir; in part.

The CHAIRMAN. Now you help to maintain a number of European societies?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir. We give, as was explained in the last investigation, I think I could call it, I stated that the Berne Bureau which is a federated peace society, received $20,000 and then it distributed that through local branches, etc.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you know whether any of those subsidiary societies, I denominate them in that way, contribute any money to newspapers or magazines in this country?

Mr. SCOTT. I do not.

The CHAIRMAN. You never heard of any?

Mr. SCOTT. I never heard.

The CHAIRMAN. Does the foundation contribute any money to newspapers or magazines?

Mr. SCOTT. No, sir; not a cent.

The CHAIRMAN. You never heard of that?
Mr. SCOTT. No, no; not heard, I know.

IRMAN. Unless I am in error I remember reading in one of s that you did give money and you called it a subvention,

T. So we did, but you said in the United States. IRMAN. You say the only newspapers you have assistedT. We do not assist newspapers and we never have given our money to newspapers. There are certain periodicals, dicals as such, which expend a part of the money on their at their society receives, and there are some four or five eace reviews that have received small sums of money, e form of direct subvention or in the form of a subscription n number of copies. Those, however, are European and in this specification.

IRMAN. Do you know about how many persons are emther by the foundation or the subsidiary societies in this o write books and pamphlets in connection with the peace ation and the conciliation movement?

TT. No, sir.

AIRMAN. You know a great many are employed?

TT. Would you make it a little more specific, Senator? ean employed by us or by these agencies?

AIRMAN. I said either by the foundation or by some of the 7 societies or agencies.

>TT. I have not an idea of that.

AIRMAN. Who would have an idea?

OTT. I think it would be very difficult to find out. AIRMAN. Why would it be very difficult to find out? OTT. Because I do not think there are very many books. AIRMAN. You are issuing books every year, are you not? OTT. Yes; but we have not as yet issued books that have pared by persons acting under contract or who have received r their services.

HAIRMAN. Either the foundation or some one of these other cieties affiliated with the foundation have sent out from ime a list of their publications? I remember reading them. OTT. Yes; exactly.

HAIRMAN. Those publications were books written, in some s, by well-known men?

OTT. Yes, sir.

HAIRMAN. I could mention one or two. Who are engaged peace or arbitration movement? Do they volunteer their or are they compensated for the articles or books they write? COTT. I can not tell you, for I have never looked into it. HAIRMAN. What is your impression?

COTT. I really can not give a statement as to that. I am nterested in a little society called the American Society for icial Settlement of International Disputes, and we issue arter a bulletin, but it is gratuitous-that is, it is furnished usly.

CHAIRMAN. Would you have any difficulty, as secretary of dation, in preparing a list of the books and pamphlets and issued during the past year in this country in connection e peace or arbitration movement, with the names of the

authors and the information as to what they received, if anything, and who paid them for their work?

Mr. SCOTT. We could prepare a list of all books and pamphlets that have been received, but

The CHAIRMAN. With the name of the particular society under whose auspices the particular pamphlet or article was issued? Mr. Scorт. All I can say is that I shall try.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you not know, with your knowledge of this entire system, with its ramifications, whether you can do it or not? Mr. SCOTT. I do not think they are prepared so very directly. That is the hesitancy I have. I shall try to comply with your request by furnishing you all the information you have asked for in this last question.

The CHAIRMAN. Very well. This so-called pension fund, is its technical name the Teachers' Foundation?

Mr. SCOTT. Its technical name is the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.

The CHAIRMAN. Are the beneficiaries of that system confined to teachers?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes.

The CHAIRMAN. It does not embrace clergymen, or does it? Mr. SCOTT. No, it is teachers in American institutions of learning, colleges, and universities.

The CHAIRMAN. Colleges and universities?

Mr. SCOTT. Yes, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. That would embrace the presidents, teachers, and professors in all those institutions?

Mr. SCOTT. To the extent that the university or institution in question is regarded-was on the list of the foundation, but as to that I think I had better refer you to Mr. Pritchett.

The CHAIRMAN. Is he in New York now?

Mr. SCOTT. I think so. It is his headquarters, and I believe he is there actually.

The CHAIRMAN. One of the three divisions of the Carnegie Peace Foundation I think you described as the historical division? Mr. SCOTT. Yes; economics and history.

The CHAIRMAN. What are their activities with respect to the historical part of their work?

Mr. SCOTT. Two, it will now be three years ago, August 19, 1911, a meeting of distinguished publicists and economists was held at Berne, I think the 17th of October, under the auspices of the division of economics and history, and an elaborate program was drawn up of subjects of an economic nature, which in the opinion of the participants in that conference should be investigated and the investigations published. While a great many contracts have been made, principally with European publicists for the prosecution of these investigations and the publication of studies, there has not appeared up to this date any publication of any of those studies in that division, but if this matter interests you, Mr. Chairman, I can supply you with a complete list of the subjects enumerated and of the contracts which have been made.

The CHAIRMAN. Yes; very well. Do you know which of the peace societies, if any, have been active in a movement looking to the

revision of our American school histories with a purpose of softening some of the events of the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812? Mr. SCOTT. I do not know.

The CHAIRMAN. You do not know?

Mr. SCOTT. No, sir.

The CHAIRMAN. You have heard of such a movement, have you not? Mr. SCOTT. I think it would be a most beneficial one, but I did not know that it had gone so far as a committee having been appointed and having this in actual charge.

The CHAIRMAN. How far had it proceeded, in your knowledge?

Mr. SCOTT. In my knowledge it is simply a project, a thing that might be done, and I should say it is in the talking stage.

The CHAIRMAN. What is the plan as you understand it?

Mr. SCOTT. As far as my knowledge goes, I do not know that a plan has been formulated and worked out.

The CHAIRMAN. I assume as far as you know?

Mr. SCOTT. Of course, I do not know.

The CHAIRMAN. But what is the scope of the enterprise as it occurs to you? What should be its scope?

Mr. SCOTT. I imagine that a history of any country (take our own, for example) would necessarily have to give the great leading events. I do not conceive how a history of a country can be written which has had wars, which would not contain an account of those wars. That is to say, of the wars. I think it must be a question af discussion as to whether it is worth while in an ordinary school and for the ordinary layman to go into details of battles as distinguished from wars. I should rather myself, and I just speak for myself, I should rather see a history of the United States written which would lay stress upon the causes of war and the consequences of war; that is to say, how the matter was settled. I do not necessarily mean the loss of life or the cost in money, but I mean histories in which stress would be laid upon the permanent elements which have been brought into our civilization other than the mere chronicles of battles.

The CHAIRMAN. You would exclude those things which are calculated to keep awake old hostilities and memories?

Mr. SCOTT. No, sir; because I can not make history as I would like. The CHAIRMAN. I am trying to get your viewpoint as to what you would omit.

Mr. SCOTT. I tried to say that I believed the causes which led nations to go to war and the consequences which have resulted from wars are of very much more importance than the mere details of battles.

The CHAIRMAN. Just to get your viewpoint, Mr. Scott: In the history of the War of 1812, do you think it would be well to omit from it the fact that on August 24, 1814, the British Army burned this Capitol where we now are, after having attempted to exact a tribute from the people of the city when they fled across the Potomac into Virginia? Would you exclude that from the history?

Mr. SCOTT. That would depend upon the size of the history. If I were going to have a history which went into details, I would then be brought face to face with the question whether or not incidents of campaigns or incidents of battles should enter.

The CHAIRMAN. Would you have that in a school history, or do you think it would be healthful or would it be harmful?

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Mr. SCOTT. You are asking the question of me?
The CHAIRMAN. Surely.

Mr. SCOTT. I do not think, Senator, that details merely of that kind are very valuable.

The CHAIRMAN. Do you think they would engender sentiments of hatred?

Mr. SCOTT. I do not think they are important in the long run. I do not think it is of very great importance, for example

Senator SIMMONS. You would not put them in there for the purpose of engendering hatred, would you?

Mr. SCOTT. Oh, no. I think, however, it is very much more important to know why Great Britain and the United States went to war in 1812, the causes of that war, and the consequences of that war, rather than the mere details of the campaigns or the battles.

The CHAIRMAN. Mr. Scott, you may remember that in the Revolutionary War the British Army enlisted the aid of the savages, the Indians, who used the tomahawk and scalping knife. I think it was, Mr. Burke, who, in the British House of Commons, protested against the resort to such means by a civilized nation, and the Government of King George the Third attempted to vindicate it; that is, the ministers did, on the floor of the chamber. Do you think that the incident ought to be found in a school history of the Revolution?

Mr. SCOTT. In a small history of the United States for small, immature minds I should think that a statement of that kind would be obnoxious.

The CHAIRMAN. And if this movement you have in mind takes root and becomes effective, these school histories--if your influence is sufficient may be revised in those and similar respects?

Mr. SCOTT. I would not say that?

The CHAIRMAN. How would you state it?

Mr. SCOTT. You are asking me here, sir, late in the afternoon a vast variety of questions.

The CHAIRMAN. I will make it early Monday morning if you prefer. Mr. SCOTT. Óh, no; I do not mean that. I mean to say you are asking me very important questions, Senator.

The CHAIRMAN. I am much impressed with your capacity to answer these questions.

Senator SIMMONS. I think we ought to take all the time necessary to ask them, because it seems to me that the peace movement of the country is under indictment.

The CHAIRMAN. Who is drawing the indictment?

Senator SIMMONS. I think the cross-examination has drawn the indictment.

Mr. SCOTT. I will answer that question, Mr. Chairman, and I am answering it in the most individual and the most direct way that I can. Supposing that I had the opportunity of writing what I would myself consider a model history to be used in out grammar schools and in our high schools, I would not make a point of specifying details of that kind. You have mentioned the Revolutionary War. I should certainly in that history try to show how the country had been colonized; how the colonists had grown, and the different elements that had entered into the different colonies; the local self-government; the step toward unity, unifying the colonies, especially dealing a little more in detail with the French and Indian War, which brought about