Yu, a city of China, of the second rank, in Pe-che-lee. Long. 114. 14. E. Lat. 39. 52. N.

YTA, or ITA, a settlement of Indians of the province and government of Paraguay; situated a little from the east bank of the Paraguay, about 20 miles south-east from Asuncion. Long. 57. 25. 2. W. Lat. 25. 30. 30. S.

YTANGUA, a parish of the province and government of Paraguay. Long. 57. 24. 6. W. Lat. 25. 24. 44. S.

YTAPUA, or ITAPUA, a settlement of Indians in the province and government of Paraguay, situated on the north bank of the Parana, about five miles north-west from Candelario. Long. 55. 52. 59. W. Lat. 27. 20. 16. S.

YTATY, or ITATY, a settlement of Indians in the province and government of Buenos Ayres, situated on the Parana, about 20 miles N. E. of Corrientes. Long. 58. 11. 38. W. Lat. 27. 17. S.

Y-TCHANG, a town of Corea, 35 miles W. N. W. of Kang-tcheou.

Y-TCHANG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Hooquang.

Y-TCHIN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Chan-si. 30 miles S. of Pinyang.

Y-TCHING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Hooquang.

Y-TCHING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kiang-nan.

Y-TCHUEN, a town of Corea, 15 miles S. S. W. of Ou-tcheou.

Y-TCHUEN, a town of Corea, 55 miles N. of King-ki-tao.

YTHAN, OF ITHAN, a river of Scotland, in Aberdeenshire, which rises in the hills of the parish of Forgue, and, after a course of about 30 miles, being augmented about 12 miles from its source by the Gight, it falls into the sea at the small village of Newburgh, in the parish of Foveran. It is navigable for three miles, as far as Ellon; and vessels of 100 or 150 tons burden cau come a mile up. It possesses a salmon fishing of considerable value; but is chiefly noted for the large pearls which its muscles produce, some of which have been sold so high as L.3 sterling.

Y-TON, a town of China, of the third rank, in Hooquang, on the river Yang

tse.

YTTEROE, an island of Sweden, in the Baltic, on the coast of Carlscrona, among the Skares (islands on the coast) of Blaking. Yu, a river of China, which rises in Honan, 12 miles N. of Pi-yang, and joins the Hoai, 20 miles E. S. E. of Sin-tsai.

Yu, a river of China, which rises about 26 miles west from Ngan-fou, in Kiang-see, and runs into the Kan-kiang, 7 miles N. N. E. of Lin-kiang.

Yu, a town of China, of the third rank, in Chan-si.

YUBAL, a settlement of Quito, in the province of Cuença.

YUCA, a large settlement of New Granada, in the province of Velez, containing 700 housekeepers, and 60 Indians. miles N. of Santa Fe.

YUCA, a small river of St Domingo, which rises very near the south coast, runs south, and enters the ocean.

YUCAL, a settlement of New Granada, in the province of Carthagena, on the shore of the Magdalena.

YUCATAN, the most easterly province of New Spain. It is in the form of a peninsula, jutting out into the gulf of Mexico from the mainland of the isthmus. It is surrounded on the north-west by the waters of the Mexican gulf, by the bay or gulf of Honduras on the south-east, the province of Vera Cruz bounds it on the south-west, and Vera Paz in Guatimala on the south. Here it is connected with the continent of North America, by an isthmus of about 120 miles in breadth. The English have settlements extending a short distance along the east coast of Yucatan, opposite Ambergris Key. The soil of this peninsula is very prolific, and, when under proper cultivation, produces great crops of corn, maize, indigo, and cotton. The climate is hot, their summer beginning in April, and finishing in September; but January and February are very warm months, the rest of the winter cooler, and little or no rain falls throughout that season. The north side is the pleasantest; for, although very hot, it is refreshed by gentle breezes; on the whole, the climate of Yucatan is not an unhealthy one. It produces and sustains vast quantities of cattle, fowls, and bees; honey and wax are therefore plenty; and its forests afford shelter to various kinds of wild beasts. It has no mines, for which reason it is not much settled by the whites, the chief part of its inhabitants being Indians, who are employed in making salt in Campeachy bay, and are subject to the Spa niards. On the coasts of Yucatan, large pieces of amber are frequently found. A ridge of considerable mountains pervades the whole extent of this province, which extends from the eastern side at Merida, to the western extremity of the peninsula. On this range of mountains the cl mate is very fine, and it is asserted that the

natives live to a great age. On the north side of this chain the land is refreshed with breezes, and contains plenty of springs; but the southern side is in want of good water, il cultivated and thinly peopled, the settlers being chiefly on the north. In Merida the nights and days are nearly of a length, owing to its situation. In Yucatan there are very few rivers of any consequence, but springs are numerous, especially on the north side; and in digging for their wells, in which they always find water at a little depth, shells are usually found, from which, with the shallowness of the sea near the coast, it has been supposed that the greater part of the peninsula was once submerged. The eastern coast of Yucatan is not inhabited by Spanish colonists, the English alone appearing there, except in the small fort of Bacalar, which has been built to prevent the British from going into the interior. The British logwood cutters find that article in greatest perfection in Campeachy bay, and in the bay of Honduras; but it has been said that the logwood of Campeachy is more plentiful, as well as greatly superior to that of Honduras. The chief towns are Campeachy, or St Francisco de Campeche, Merida de Yucatan, and Valladolid. Here are, besides, soine Indian villages. The logwood cutting establishments are under the Spanish governor; but by the treaty of peace in 1783, the British were allowed the privilege of cutting it without being molested. The wood is felled at stated seasons, and in stated places, by permission of the intendant, and is dried for a year previous to exportation. This wood is not confined to Yucatan; it grows in abundance on the coast of South Ainerica, near the mouths of the Orinoco. Population, including the Indians, 465,800.

YUCATAN. See Merida de Yucatan. YUCAY, SANTIAGO DE, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Urubamba. YU-CHAN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kiang-see.

YUCUL, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Chancay.

YUE, a town of China, of the second rank, in Yunan. Long. 103. 22. E. Lat. 25. 22. N.

YUEN, a river of China, which runs into the lake Tong-ting.

YUEN, a city of China, of the second rank, in Hooquang. Long. 109. E. Lat. 27. 23. N.

YUEN-CHAN, a town of China, of the tbird rank, in Kiang-see.

YUEN-CHE, a town of China, of the third rank, in Pe-che-lee.

YUEN-KIANG, a city of China, of the first rank, in Yunan, on the Hoti river, in a mountainous but fertile country,

abounding with silk and areça. 44. E. Lat. 23. 37. N.

Long. 101 YUEN-MEOU, a town of China, of the third rank, in Yunan.

YUEN-OU, a town of China, of the third rank, in Honan.

YUEN-SI, a town of China, of the third rank, in Hooquang.

YUEN-TCHOU, a city of China, of the first rank, in Kiang-see, on the borders of an agreeable little lake. Its district produces alumn and vitriol. Long. 114. E. Lat. 27. 50. N.

YUEN-YANG, a city of China, of the first rank, in Hooquang, on the river Han, and in a plain encompassed by mountains, in which tin is found. 517 miles S. S. W. of Peking. Long. 110. 29. E. Lat. 32. 50. N.

YVERDUN, a small town of the Swiss canton of Vaud, at the south extremity of the lake of Neufchatel, where the Örbe flows into the lake. It is beautifully situated; and the roads leading to it form alleys of trees, for a consideral le distance from the gates. The town itself is neatly built, contains 2500 inhabitants, and has a brisk traffic, chiefly in the transit of goods; an advantage owing to its command of water carriage, boats going from it to the Rhine, by the lakes of Neufchatel and Bienue, the rivers Thiel, and the Aar. A canal, in the direction of the lake of Geneva, was begun in the middle of the 17th century, but it has never been finished. This little place has a public library, with a collection of natural history and Roman antiquities. It is also of some note for painting, and is the seat of the well known school of Pestalozzi. 38 miles W. S. W. of Berne, and 48 N. N. E. of Geneva.

YVETOT, an inland town of France, in Normandy, department of the Lower Seine, 22 miles N. W. of Rouen. It is situated on the highest point of a ridge of hills, so that water is scarce; but the surrounding country is fertile in corn, and produces abundance of apples, of which cyder is made. It contains nearly 10,000 inhabitants, who have all the characteristic industry of Normans, and manufacture large quantities of linen, muslins, druggets, dimities, and different kinds of knitung.

YVETTE, a small river in the north of France, department of the Seine and Oise, which rises near St Hubert, and falls into the Orge at Savigny. In 1787, a canal was begun, to conduct its waters to Paris.

YUHUARI, a river of the extensive plains of South America which border the great river Amazons, of which it is a tributary.

YUINEIMA, a river of Paraguay, which runs east, collecting the waters of many others rivers, and ruus into the Parana.

YUIPA, a small river of Paraguay, in

South America, which runs north-northwest, and enters the Uruguay.

YUISPIN, an Indian settlement of the province of Buenos Ayres, on a branch of the Parana. Long. 60. 20. W. Lat. 29. 43. S.

YU-KANG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kiang-see.

YU-KAO, a town of China, of the third rank, in Kianguan.

YU-KING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Koei-tchoo.

YU-LON, a town of China, of the third rank, in Chan-si.

YUMA, YUMBA, or LONG ISLAND, one of the Bahama Islands, about 50 miles in length, of very unequal breadth. Long, 74. 50. W. Lat. 23. 20. N. It lies north of the island of Cuba, and was discovered by Columbus.

YUMBA BAY, a bay on the south coast of the island of St Domingo, between the island of Saona and the point of Espada.

YUMBEL, a settlement of Chili, in the province of Itata.

YUMBO, a settlement of New Granada, in the province of Popayan. YUME, a river of the country which borders the Amazons. It runs east, and enters the Amazons.

YUMETOS, a cluster of small islands among the Bahama islands, about 20 miles S. W. of Yuma.

YUMSONG, a small island near the coast of China. Long. 121. 17. E. Lat. 31. 42. N. YUN, a city of China, of the second rank, in Yunan. Long. 99. 35. E. Lat. 24. 82. N.

YUNA, a large river of St Domingo, which rises in the mountains of the centre of the island, runs to the north-north-east, and, near the town of Cotuy, turns its course to south-south-east, and enters the sea in the bay of Samana, forming several islands at its mouth.

YUNAN, a province of China, situated on its south-western frontier. It is bounded on the north by Sechuen and Thibet, on the east by Quang-see and Koei-tchoo, on the south by Laos, and on the west by Ava and Pegu; about 300 miles in length, and 250 in breadth. This province, though mountainous, is reckoned one of the most fertile and opulent in China. It is well watered by rivers and lakes. The inhabitants are brave, robust, affable, and fond of the sciences, which they cultivate with success. It produces gold, copper, and tin mines; amber, rubies, sapphires, agates, pearls, precious stones, marble, musk, silk, elephants, horses, gums, medicinal plants, and linen. Its commerce is immense. This province contains 21 cities of the first class, and 55 of the second and third. Sir George

Staunton estimates the population at eight millions.

YUNAN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Yunan.

YUNAN, a city of China, of the first rank, and capital of the province of the same name, situated at the northern extremity of a large and deep lake. It was formerly celebrated for its extent, and the beauty of its public edifices. Here were seen magnificent buildings, vast gardens, tombs, triumphal arches, and elegant squares; but the Tartars, in their different invasions, destroyed all these monuments; and the city at present contains nothing remarkable: it is, however, the residence of the governor of the province. Long. 102. 28. E. Lat. 25. 6. N.

YUNDUZA, SANTA CRUZ DE, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Puebla, containing 116 families of Indians. YUNG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Quangsee.

YUNGA, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Conchucos.

YUNGAI, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Huailas.

YUNGAR, a river of Louisiana, which derives its name from the vast number of springs at its source. It is navigable for canoes 100 miles, and is celebrated for the abundance of bears which are found on its branches.

YUNG-FOU, a town of China, of the third rank, in Quangsee.

YUNG-HO, a town of China, of the third rank, in Chan-si.

YUNG-KANG, a city of China, of the second rank, in Quangsee. Long. 107. 26. E. Lat. 22. 56. N.

YUNG-NGAN-POU, a fortress of China, in Chan-si, on the borders of Tartary.

YUNG-NING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Se-chuen.

YUNG-NING, a city of China, of the second rank, in Chan-si. Long. 110. 39. E. Lat. 37. 35. N.

YUNG-PE. See Yong-pe.

YUNG-PING, a town of China, of the third rank, in Yunan.

YUNG-TCHUN, a town of China, of the third rank, in Quangsee.

YUNGUI, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Chancay.

YUNGUYO, a settlement of Peru, in the province of Omasuyos.

YUNG-YANG, a town of China, of the third rank, in Sechuen, on the Kincha river.

YUN-HING, a city of China, of the first rank, in Honan, watered by a river called Yuho. The country within its district is very large, and is partly flat, and partly mountainous, especially to the north and

ZAAB, a district of Algiers, in Africa, lying immediately south of the province of Constantina, and consisting of a narrow track of land, under the Atlas. It formed anciently part of the Mauritania Sitifensis, and the Roman masonry may be traced all over it.

ZAANDAM, OF SAARDAM, a town of the Netherlands, in North Holland, on the Zaan, near its junction with the Y. It consists properly of two great villages, called East and West Zaandam, containing together 10,700 inhabitants. The houses are for the most part of wood. They are curiously painted on the outside; and many of them are surrounded with sections of canals; so that, with their gardens, they have each the appearance of a petty island. The town carries on an active trade, particularly in timber, train-oil, tar, and similar articles. Its manufactures of ropes, tobacco, and paper, are extensive; but the inost important branch of its industry is, and has long been, ship-building. At one period, in the flourishing days of Holland, it was reckon ed among the greatest magazines of mercantile naval stores in the world. It was here that the czar Peter the Great, under the name of Peter Michailov, studied the art of ship-building. The house which he occupied, is still pointed out. miles N. by W. of Amsterdam.

ZAANDYX, a town of the Netherlands, in North Holland, with 1500 inhabitants.

ZAB, a village of Irak Arabi, on the Euphrates, 65 miles W. S. W. of Bagdad.

ŽAB, a river of Kurdistan, formed by the confluence of a multitude of small brooks, in the mountainous country to the cast of the Tigris. About 150 miles north of Bagdad, on the road to Mosul, it falls into the Altun su, or golden water; and the united streams afterwards reach the Tigris.

ZAB, GREAT, a considerable river of Kurdistan, which rises in the mountains of Solymania. It flows, first west, then north; and after receiving several tributaries, falls into the Tigris, about 40 miles below Mosul. It is so deep, as only to be fordable during the summer months.

ZABALETAS, a settlement of New Granada, in the province of Antioquia.

ZABBAR, a town of the island of Malta, finely situated between Cottonera and Zeittone. Around it are raised very fine wheat,

Indian corn, two sorts of cotton, one white, the other of a dark nankeen colour, and a quantity of the small purple figs, on which, with coarse brown bread, the natives chiefly live. Population 2400.

ZABELTITZ, a village of Germany, in Saxony, 12 miles N. of Meissen, with a beautiful palace, belonging to the royal family.

ZABER, a river of the west of Germany, in Wirtemberg, which joins the Neckar near Laufen.

ZABIN, a small town of Russian Lithuania, in the government of Minsk, 30 miles N. E. of Minsk.

ZABLUTOW, a town of Russian Lithuania, in the province of Bialystok. Population 1400. 11 miles S. E. of Bialystok.

ZABNO, a market town of Austrian Poland, on the river Donajec, 10 miles N. N. W. of Tarnow.

ZABOLA, or SABOLA, a petty town of Transylvania, in the country of the Szeklers. It has salt mines in the neighbourhood, and is 10 miles N. of Cronstadt.

ZABOROWO, a town of Prussian Poland, on the borders of Silesia. Population 1000. 22 miles E. N. E. of Gros Glogau.

ZABULISTAN, the ancient name of a province of Hindostan, now included in Afghanistan, and which comprised the districts of Cabul, Ghizne, and part of Lumghan. The city of Ghizne was its capital.

ZACA, a village of Egypt, near the frontier of Syria, 17 miles N. E. of El Arish. ZACACHE, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Oaxaca, containing 400 la

dian families.

ZACAN, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 333 ludian families.

ZACAPUASTLA, a settlement of Mexico, in the intendancy of Mexico, containing 500 Indian families, and 40 of Spaniards and mulattoes.

ZACATECAS, one of the intendancies into which Mexico is now divided. This province is a mountainous and arid track, with a rigorous climate, and is singularly ill peopled. It is bounded on the north by the intendancy of Durango, on the east by the intendancy of San Luis Potosi, on the south by the province of Guanaxuate, and on the west by that of Guadalaxara. Its greatest length is 85 leagues, and its great