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CHAPTER VIII.

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THE PRESIDENT OFFENDED. — ADVERSE VOTE IN CONGRESS SURPRISES HIM.-

FREEDMEN'S BUREAU ESTABLISHED. — MAJOR-GENERAL HOWARD APPOINTED

COMMISSIONER. HIS CHARACTER. -DEFICIENCY OF THE BUREAU. - SUPPLE-

MENTARY ACT. ITS PROVISIONS.-CONFLICT WITH STATE POWER.-LONG DE-

BATE. SPEECH OF IGNATIUS DONNELLY.-THE PRESIDENT'S VETO. — SEVERE

ATTACK UPON THE POLICY.-EXPENSE OF THE BUREAU. SENATE FAILS TO

PASS BILL OVER VETO.-ANOTHER BILL TO SAME EFFECT PASSED.-MORR

GUARDED IN ITS PROVISIONS.-PRESIDENT VETOES THE SECOND BILL. SENATE

AND HOUSE PASS IT OVER THE VETO. UNPOPULARITY OF THE MEASURE.-

SENATOR TRUMBULL INTRODUCES CIVIL RIGHTS BILL. ITS PROVISIONS.—

RADICAL IN THEIR EFFECT.-SPEECH OF REVERDY JOHNSON.-DEBATE IN

THE HOUSE. - PRESIDENT VETOES THE BILL.—MAKES ELABORATE ARGUMENT

AGAINST IT. - EXCITING DEBATE ON VETO. MR. TRUMBULL'S SPEECH.

SEVERE REVIEW OF PRESIDENT'S COURSE. — EXCITING SPEECH OF MR. WADE.

-ILLNESS OF MR. WRIGHT.-SEVERE REMARKS OF MR. McDougal and Mr.

GUTHRIE.-Debate in THE HOUSE. - BOTH BRANCHES pass BILL OVER VETO.

- RADICAL CHARACTER OF THE MEASURE. — RELATIONS OF PRESIDENT AND

CONGRESS.OPENLY HOSTILE. — POPULAR MEETING IN WASHINGTON. — PRESI-

DENT'S ACTION APPROVED. - PRESIDENT'S SPEECH 22D OF FEBRUARY.- ITS

UNDIGNIFIED AND VIOLENT CHARACTER. — CALLS MEN BY NAME. — UNFAVOR-

ABLE IMPRESSION UPON THE COUNTRY.-THE PRESIDENT LOSING Ground.

REPUBLICANS IN CONGRESS ANXIOUS. —EXCITING PERIOD.-SENator Lane OF

KANSAS.-HIS POLITICAL DEFECTION. HIS SUICIDE. - PERSONAL HISTORY.

-HIS PUBLIC SERVICES.-SUICIDE OF PRESTON KING. SUPPOSED REASONS

FOR THE ACT.

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162

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CHAPTER IX.

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CONTEST BETWEEN PRESIDEnt and ConGRESS. — POINTS OF DIFFERENCE. — WHAT

CONGRESS INSISTED ON.-REQUIRED DEFINITION OF AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP.—

POLITICAL DISABILITIES. -THE PUBLIC CREDIT. - PROTECTION OF NATIONAL

PENSIONS.-REPUDIATION OF REBEL DEBT. - POSSIBLE PAYMENT FOR SLAVES.

— APPREHENSIONS OF CAPITALISTS. —DANGER HANGING OVER NATIONAL TREAS-

URY. - AMENDMENTS TO THE FEDERAL CONSTITUTION. SHOULD REBEL STATES

PARTICIPATE.-MR. SEWARD'S VIEW.-MR. THADDEUS STEVENS'S VIEW. - PRO-

CEEDINGS OF RECONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE. - PROPOSED BASES OF REPRESENTA-

TION. - AMENDMENT PROPOSED BY MR. SPALDING.— BY MR. BLAINE. BY MR.

CONKLING.-SPEECH BY MR. JENCKES OF RHODE ISLAND. - BY MR. BAKER

AND MR. INGERSOLL OF ILLINOIS.-BY MR. SHELLABARGER. —BY MR. PIKB

OF MAINE.-MR. SCHENCK'S AMENDMENT. - HOUSE ADOPTS AMENDMENT. —

OPPOSED IN THE SENATE.-LONG SPEECH OF MR. SUMNER.-REPLY OF MR.

FESSENDEN.-SPEECH OF SENATOR HENDERSON. HIS RADICAL PROPOSITION.

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- SENATE DEFEATS HOUSE AMENDMENT.-NEW PROPOSITION FROM THE RE-

CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE. ·FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION

PROPOSED. ITS ORIGINAL FORM. -DEBATE IN THE HOUSE. - PROCEEDINGS IN

THE SENATE.-LONG DEBATE. - SPEECHES BY MR. HOWARD, MR. HENDRICKS,

MR. SHERMAN, Mr. ReverDY JOHNSON, MR. DOOLITTLE. - FINAL ADOPTION

OF THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT BY BOTH BRANCHES.—NOTIFICATION TO

THE STATES JUNE 16.- PROMPT ADOPTION BY TENNESSEE. - TENNESSEE RE-

ADMITTED TO REPRESENTATION, — ACTION OF SENATE AND HOUSE THEREON.

- REASONS ASSIGNED FOR PASSING THE BILL. PRESIDENT APPROVES THB

BILL, BUT DISAPPROVES THE REASONS FOR ITS PASSAGE. HIS INGENUOUS

CENSURE OF CONGRESS. — ADJOURNMEnt of CongrESS. — IMPENDING POLITICAL

CONTEST.-STRUGGLE BETWEEN THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS.

CHAPTER X.

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A CABINET CRISIS.-RESIGnation of WILLIAM DENNISON, POSTMASTER-GENERAL,

JAMES SPEED, Attorney-General, aND JAMES Harlan, Secretary of THE

INTERIOR. SUCCEEDED RESPECTIVELY BY ALEXANDer W. Randall, Henry

STANBURY, AND ORVILLE H. BROWNING.-POLITICAL CAMPAIGN OF 1866.-

FOUR NATIONAL CONVENTIONS. - TWO FAVORING THE PRESIDENT; TWO AD-

VERSE.- - PHILADELPHIA CONVENTION, AUGUST 14, favoring tHE PRESIDENT.

- IMPRESSIVE IN NUMBERS, DISTINGUISHED IN DELEGATES. — PHILADELPHIA

CONVENTION of September 13. - SOUTHERN LOYALISTS AND NORTHERN SYM-

PATHIZERS. - LIST OF PROMINENT MEN IN ATTENDANCE. - MARKED EFFECT

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OF ITS PROCEEDINGS. SPEECH OF HONORABLE JAMES SPEED. - ADDRESS TO

THE PEOPLE. · WRITTEN BY THE HONORABLE J. A. J. CRESWELL. — SOL-

DIERS' CONVENTION AT Cleveland. — FAVORABLE TO PRESIDENT. — SPEECH OF

GENERAL EWING. CONVENTION PRINCIPALLY DEMOCRATIC IN MEMBERSHIP.

- ITS PROCEEDINGS INEFFECTIVE. - SOLDIERS' CONVENTION at PittsburG.

HOSTILE TO PRESIDENT. - GENERAL COX Presides. - DISTINGUISHED OFFICERS

PRESENT. -

TWENTY-FIVE THOUSAND SOLDIERS PRESENT. GREAT EFFECT

FOLLOWED IT IN THE COUNTRY. - FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT THE RALLYING-

POINT. POLITICAL EVENTS OF THE SUMMER. HOSTILE TO PRESIDENT.

NEW-ORLEANS RIOT OF JULY 30. Great Slaughter. REBEL OFFICERS IN

LOUISIANA RESPONSIBLE. INVESTIGATED BY CONGRESS. — ALSO BY MILITARY

AUTHORITIES. REPORTS SUBSTANTIALLY AGREE. CENSURE OF THE PRESI-

DENT.

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- RESULT HURTFUL TO HIS ADMINISTRATION. HIS FAMOUS TOUR.

INJURIOUS TO HIS ADMINISTRATION, REPUBLICANS VICTORIOUS IN ELECTIONS

THROUGHOUT THE NORTH.-DEMOCRATS VICTORIOUS THROUGHOUT THE SOUTH.

- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPUBLICAN BY THREE TO ONE. - PRESIDENT

DEPRESSED. IMPORTANCE OF THE ELECTIONS OF 1866. NEGRO Suffrage.

THE DIFFICULTY OF IMPOSING IT ON THE SOUTH. FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT

THE TEST FOR RECONSTRUCTION.

SECOND SESSION THIRTY-NINTH CONGRESS.-PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.-REPEATS HIS

FORMER RECOMMENDATIONS.-MISCHIEVOUS EFFECT PRODUCED IN THE SOUTH.

-THE TEN CONFEDERATE STATES VOTE ON THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT.—

REJECTED BY EVERY ONE. - DEFIANCE TO CONGRESS.-MADNESS OF THE

SOUTHERN LEADERS. DETERMINATION OF THE NORTH.-NEW PLAN OF

RECONSTRUCTION. - BILL REPORTED BY MR. STEVENS.-SOUTH DIVIDED INTO

MILITARY DISTRICTS. BILL ELABORATELY DEBated. — ViewS OF LEADING

MEMBERS.EXTRACTS FROM SPEECHES. BLAINE AMENDMENT. - Debated in

THE HOUSE. - OPPOSED BY MR. STEVENS. REJECTED IN THE HOUSE. —

ADOPTED IN DIFFERENT FORM IN THE SENATE. FINALLY INCOrporated in

RECONSTRUCTION BILL. - PRESIDENT VETOES THE BILL.-PASSED OVER HIS

VETO. CHARACTER OF THE MEASURE. THE SOUTH FORCES THE ADOPTION

OF NEGRO SUFFRAGE. NOT CONTEMPLATED ORIGINALLY BY THE NORTH. —

CHARACTER OF THE STRUGGLE.EXECUTIVE PATRONAGE. - PRESIDENT'S POL

ICY TO BE SUSTAINED BY IT. THE POWER OF REMOVAL. - EARLY DECISION

OF THE GOVERNMENT. — VIEWS OF MR. MADISON AND MR. WEBSTER. OF

HAMILTON AND OF WASHINGTON. REPUBLICAN LEADERS DETERMINED TO

CURTAIL THE POWER. MR. WILLIAMS INTRODUCES TENURE OF OFFICE BILL.

-SPEECHES OF EDMUNDS, HOWE, AND OTHERS.-PRESIDENT VETOES THE BILL.

-PASSED OVER HIS VETO. -DOUBTFUL CHARACTER OF THE MEASURE. — REPUB-

LICAN DISTRUST OF IT. - NEW STATES IN THE NORTH-WEST.-MR. LINCOLN'S

POLICY SHOWN IN THE CASE OF NEVADA. INCREASE OF FREE TERRITORIES.

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- NEBRASKA AND COLORADO APPLY FOR ADMISSION. PRESIDENT JOHNSON

VETOES THE BILL.- ADMISSION OF Colorado pREVENTED. - POWER OF PARDON

AND AMNESTY BY PROCLAMATION TAKEN FROM THE PRESIDENT. - SCANDALS

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MEETING OF FORTIETH CONGRESS, MARCH 4TH, 1867.- CONSPICUOUS CHANGES IN

SENATE AND HOUSE. - CAMERON, Conkling, Morton, in Senate. - BUTLER,

PETERS, BECK, IN HOUSE. MR. JAMES BROOKS OBJECTS TO THE ORGANIZA-

TION OF THE HOUSE. - SEVENTEEN STATES ABSENT. -THE CLERK DECLINES

TO RECEIVE HIS MOTION.-THIRD ELECTION OF MR. COLFAX AS SPEAKER.

SUPPLEMENTARY RECONSTRUCTION ACT. THE PRESIDENT'S PROMPT VETO. -

PASSED OVER HIS OBJECTIONS. ·CONGRESS ADJOURNS TO JULY 3D. - SECOND

SUPPLEMENTARY ACT OF RECONSTRUCTION. ANOTHER VETO. OMINOUS

WORDS FROM THE PRESIDENT. — REPUBLICANS DISQUIETED. — CONGRESS AD-

JOURNS TO NOVEMBER. -THE SOUTH placed under MILITARY GOVERNMENT.

-PRACTICAL RECONSTRUCTION. - CONVENTIONS IN THE SOUTHERN STATES. —

CONSTITUTIONS Submitted TO THE PEOPLE. - SECOND SESSION FORTIETH CON-

GRESS. AGGRESSIVE MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT. SOUTHERN STATES

RE-ADMITTED TO REPRESENTATION. · ANOTHER VETO FROM THE PRESIDENT.—

RECONSTRUCTION CONTEST PRACTICALLY ENDED. - REPRESENTATIVES AND SEN-

ATORS FROM THE SOUTH.-MISTAKES OF FORMER SLAVE-HOLDERS. — UNFOR-

TUNATE BLUNDERS. - PECULIAR MENTAL QUALITIES OF President Johnson.

-THE VETO POWER. ITS INFREQUENT USE BY EARLIER PRESIDENTS. — EX-

AMPLE OF JACKSON. FOLLOWED BY HIS SUCCESSORS. - DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

DEMOCRATIC AND WHIG PRESIDENTS. — MR. TYLER and MR. JOHNSON. — RATI-

FICATION OF the FourteeNTH AMENDMENT. - PROCLAIMED BY MR. Seward.

– IMPORTANCE OF ITS PROVISIONS.—SINGULAR HOSTILITY OF THE DEMOCRATS.

-A NEW CHARTER OF FREEDOM. - SWEEPS AWAY OPPRESSION AND EVERY

DENIAL OF JUSTICE. CREDIT OF IT CONCEDED TO THE REPUBLICANS

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CHAPTER XIII.

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GOVERNMENT FINANCES AFTER THE WAR. - DIFFICULTIES OF THE SITUATION. — IN-

TREPIDITY OF CONGRESS.-ITS GREAT TASK.-$600,000,000 BILL.-SUMMARY

OF PUBLIC Debt, December, 1865.-FUNDED and Floating ObligatioNS.

AGGREGATE Debt, January 1, 1866, $2,739,491,745.- $1,600,000,000 FLOATING

OBLIGATIONS.-MR. MCCULLOCH'S ESTIMATES. HIS FINANCIAL POLICY.-

CONTRACTIONn the LeadING FEATURE. - WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE REPORT

A FUNDING BILL. - HOUSE DEBATE THEREON. — Senate Debate. — FINAL PAS-

SAGE. REVENUE LAWS IN CONGRESS. -ContrastED WITH BRITISH PARLIA-

LARGE REDUCTION OF INTERNAL TAXES. SECOND REDUCTION OF

INTERNAL TAXES. CONTRACTION POLICY OPPRESSIVE. - INDIRECT RELIEF. ·

HOSTILITY RAPIDLY INCREASES. - PROGRESS OF FUNDING BILL. REPEAL OF

CONTRACTION BILL. ITS EVIL EFFECTS. — FURTHER REDUCTION OF INTERNAL

TAXES. FINANCIAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE GOVERNMENT. - LARGE REDUC-

TION OF NATIONAL DEBT. — VALUABLE TREASURY OFFICIALS.- PURCHASE OF

ALASKA.PRICE, $7,200,000 IN GOLD COIN. -PURCHASE AT FIRST UNPOPULAR.

-RESISTANCE IN THE HOUSE.-MR. Washburne and General BUTLER OP-

POSE. TREATY ABLY SUSTAINED BY GENERAL BANKS.-INTERESTING DEBATE.

MANY PARTICIPANTS. POWER OF THE HOUSE RESPECTING TREATIES.

CHRONIC CONTROVERSY. THE BILL PASSED. - OPINION OF JUDGE MCLEAN.-

OF MR. JEFFERSON. EXTENT OF ALASKA.- VALUE OF IT. ITS ELEMENTS

of Wealth.-FIRST NORTHERN TERRITORY ACQUIRED BY THE UNITED STATES.

— NEGOTIATION ABLY CONDUCTED BY MR. SEWARD

283

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CHAPTER XIV.

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IMPEACHMENT OF PRESIDENT JOHNSON.-FIRST MOVEMENT THERETO.—MR. ASH-

LEY'S GRAVE CHARGES. GENERAL GRANT'S IMPORTANT TESTIMONY. — JUDI-

CIARY COMMITTEE DIVIDE. — IMPEACHMENT DEFEATED, DECEMBER, 1867.-

ANALYSIS OF VOTE.-SUSPENSION OF MR. STANTON. — TENURE-OF-OFFICE

LAW. SENATE DISAPPROVES MR. STANTON'S SUSPENSION. - MR. STANTON RE-

STORED AS SECRETARY OF WAR.-AN UNWELCOME Cabinet OFFICER. — PRE-

VIOUS VIEWS OF LEADING SENATORS.-PRESIDENT'S ANOMALOUS SITUATION.

- HE REMOVES MR. STANTON.-APPOINTS LORENZO THOMAS Ad Interim.

SENATE CONDEMNS THE PRESIDENT'S COURSE. IMPEACHMENT MOVED IN THE

HOUSE. EXCITING Debate. - IMPEACHMENT CARRIED. - MANAGERS AP-

POINTED. ARTICLES OF IMPEACHMENT PRESENTED TO THE SENATE. THOMAS

EWING NOMINATED FOR SECRETARY OF WAR.-NOT CONFIRMED. -COURT OF

IMPEACHMENT. THE CHIEF JUSTICE. THE PRESIDENT'S COUNSEL. — JUDGE

CURTIS. MR. EVARTS. - MR. GROESBECK.—THE PRESIDENT'S ANSWER. —

GENERAL BUTLER'S ARGUMENT. -TESTIMONY PRESENTED BY MANAGERS.-

ARGUMENT OF JUDGE CURTIS. THE PRESIDENT'S WITNESSES. — REJECTION

OF TESTIMONY BY SENATE.-TESTIMONY CONCLUDED.— ARGUMENT OF GEN-

ERAL LOGAN. -OF MR. BOUTWELL. OF MR. NELSON.-OF MR. GROESBECK.

-OF THADDEUS STEVENS. OF THOMAS WILLIAMS. Or MR. EVARTS. — OF

MR. STANBERY.-OF MR. BINGHAM.-TWENTY-NINE SENATORS FILE THEIR

OPINIONS FIRST VOTE ON LAST ARTICLE. - GENERAL INTEREST AND EX-

CITEMENT.THE RESULT. - ACQUITTAL OF PRESIDENT.-VIEWS OF REPUBLI-

CANS. - CONDEMNATION OF CERTAIN SENATORS. — SUBSEQUENT CHANGE OF

OPINION. THE PRESIDENT UNWISELY IMPEACHED. — ACTUAL OFFENSES OF

THE PRESIDENT. THEIR GRAVITY. - IMPEACHED On other GROUNDS. THE

REAL TEST.-NATURE OF AN IMPEACHABLE OFFENSE. - LAWYERS DIFFER. —

EFFECT ON MR. STANTON. HIS POLITICAL ATTITUDE. - HIS RESIGNATION.

-APPOINTED SUPREME JUSTICE. - HIS DEATH.-GENERAL SCHOFIELD SEC-

RETARY OF WAR.-MR. EVARTS ATTORNEY-GENERAL

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PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1868. - REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION AT

CHICAGO. GENERAL GRANT THE CLEARLY INDICATED CANDIDATE OF HIS

PARTY. CONTEST FOR THE VICE-PRESIDENCY.-WADE, COLFAX, FENTON,

WILSON, CURTIN. — SPIRITed Balloting. — COLFAX NOMINATED. — PLATFORM.

-DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION.-MEETS IN NEW YORK, JULY 4.—

NUMEROUS CANDIDATES. GEORGE H. PENDLETON MOST PROMINENT. — AN

ORGANIZED MOVEMENT FOR CHIEF JUSTICE CHASE.-HIS ALLIANCE WITH

THE DEMOCRACY.-HIS EAGERNESS FOR THE NOMINATION. HIS FRIENDLY

RELATIONS WITH VALLANDIGHAM. - PRESIDENT JOHNSON.—SEEKS DEMOCRATIC

INDORSEMENT.-MR. AUGUST BELMONT'S OPENING SPEECH.-HORATIO SEY-

MOUR PRESIDENT OF THE CONVENTION. HIS ARRAIGNMENT OF THE REPUB-

LICAN PARTY.-CHARACTER OF HIS MIND. THE DEMOCRATIC PLATFORM. ·

FAVORS PAYING THE PUBLIC DEBT IN PAPER MONEY.-DECLARES THE RE-

CONSTRUCTION ACTS TO BE USURPATIONS.-WADE HAMPTON'S PROMINENCE.

-VARIOUS NAMES PRESENTED FOR THE PRESIDENCY.-VARYING FORTUNES

OF CANDIDATES. SEYMOUR NOMINATED. THE VICE-PRESIDENCY. - FRANK

BLAIR NOMINATED BY ACCLAMATION. AGGRESSIVE CAMPAIGN ON BOTH SIDES.

MR. SEYMOUR'S POPULAR TOUR.-FINAL RESULT.-GENERAL GRANT'S ELEC-

TION.

CHAPTER XVI.

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REPUBLICAN VICTORY OF 1868 ANALYZED. - MR. SEYMOUR'S STRENGTH UNEXPECT-

EDLY GREAT: — ASTOUNDING DEFECTION OF CERTAIN STATES. - DEMOCRATIC

VICTORY IN NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, and Oregon.- EVIL OMENS. - DEMO-

CRATIC VICTORY IN LOUISIANA.—WON BY FRAUD AND VIOLENCE. THE

FIGURES EXAMINED. — ACTION OF CONGRESS THEREON.—FRAUD suspectED IN

GEORGIA.-DEMOCRATIC DUTY UNPERFORMED. — - IMPARTIAL SUFFRAGE.-VARI-

OUS PROPOSITIONS. — AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION. MR. HENDERSON

OF MISSOURI. - MR. STEwart of NEVADA. — MR. Garrett DAVIS. - PROCEED-

INGS IN THE HOUSE. SPEECH OF MR. BOUTWELL. - ANSWERED BY MR. BECK

AND MR. Eldridge. — PASSAGE OF AMENDMENT BY HOUSE. - ACTION THEREON

IN SENATE. AMENDMENT or MR. WILSON. - PROPOSITION OF MR. MORTON

AND MR. BUCKALEW.-DIsagreement OF THE TWO BRANCHES.-CONFERENCE

COMMITTEE. FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT REPORTED.-PUBLIC OPINION IN THE

UNITED STATES. — FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT NOW MODIFIED. - ITS EFFECT

AND POTENCY LESSENED. ITS FAILURE TO REMOVE EVILS.GReat Valub

OF THE THREE AMENDMENTS.—THEIR ASSURED ENFORCEMENT. - HONOR TO

THEIR AUTHORS.-LESSON TAUGHT BY MR. LINCOLN. — ITS SIGNIFICANCE.

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CHAPTER XVII.

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INAUGURATION OF GENERAL Grant for FIRST TERM.- POPULAR ENTHUSIASM.

HIS INAUGURAL ADDRESS. APPROVES FIFTEENTH AMENDMENT. - ANNOUNCE-

MENT OF HIS CABINET.-GENERAL SURPRISE.-E. B. WASHBURNE. — JACOB

D. Cox.-E. ROCKWOOD HOAR. JOHN A. J. CRESWELL.-Alexander T.

STEWART. INELIGIBLE. NAME WITHDRAWN. — GEORGE S. BOUTWELL AP-

POINTED. - - ADOLPH E. BORIE.-HAMILTON FISH.-GEORGE M. ROBESON.

GENERAL SCHOFIELD. - General RawLINS. — GENERAL Belknap. - GENERAL

OF THE ARMY.-THE SUCCESSION. SHERMAN APPOINTED. — LIEUTENANT-GEN-

ERAL. -SHERIDAN APPOINTED. HALLECK.-MEADE. THOMAS. — HANCOCK.

- CONGRESS CONVENES.- ELECTION OF SPEAKER.-MR. BLAINE CHOSEN.-

MR. KERR THE DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATE. VARIOUS MEMBERS. - MR. WHEELER.

-MR. POTTER. JUDGE NOAH DAVIS. — GENERAL SLOCUM. - MR. HALE.

THOMAS FITCH.-THE PENNSYLVANIA DELEGATION.-MR. S. S. Cox.- MR.

GEORGE F. HOAR. - NEW ERA POLITICALLY UNDER PRESIDENT GRANT. THE

OPPOSITION PARTY IN THE HOUSE. ITS STRONG LEADERS.-THEIR MANLY

CHARACTER

SENATE IN THE FORTY-FIRST CONGRESS. HANNIBAL HAMLIN ELECTED FOR THE

FOURTH TERM. — MATTHEW H. CARPENTER. HIS DOUBLE LOAd of Work. -

CARL SCHURZ.- ALLEN G. THURMAN.-WILLIAM G. BROWNLOW.-THOMAS

FRANCIS BAYARD. - GOVERNOR FENTON.—WILLIAM A. BUCKINGHAM.-Daniel

D. PRATT. JOHN SCOTT. JOHN P. STOCKTON. SOUTHERN REPRESENTA-

TION COMPLETE. CHARACTER OF SENATORS AND REPRESENTATIVES. - UNJUST

ABUSE. SOUTHERN RESISTANCE TO CARPET-BAG RULE. ADMISSION OF A

COLORED SENATOR. - HIRAM R. REVELS OF MISSISSIPPI.—SUCCESSOR TO JEF-

FERSON DAVIS. THE MORAL OF IT. PRESIDENT GRANT AND THE TENURE-

OF-OFFICE ACT. HOUSE VOTES TO REPEAL THE ACT. DELAY IN SENATE.

POSITION OF MR. TRUMBULL, MR. EDMUNDS AND MR. SCHURZ. — DISAGREEMENT

BETWEEN SENATE AND HOUSE. — CONFERENCE COMMITTEE. — PRACTICAL RE-

PEAL OF THE ACT. — DEATH OF WILLIAM PITT FESSENDEN. — HIS CHARACTER, 437

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