CHEROKEES. [CONCLUDED SEPTEMBER 11, 1807. ] Elucidation of the convention of Washington, of the 7th of January, 1806. Whereas, by the first article of a convention between the United States, and the Cherokee nation, entered into at the city of Washington, on the 7th day of January, one thousand eight hundred and six, it was intended on the part of the Cherokee nation, and so understood by the Secretary of War, the commissioner on the part of the United States, to cede to the United States all the right, title, and interest, which the said Cherokee nation ever had to a tract of country contained between the Tennessee river and the Tennessee ridge; (so called;) which tract .of country had, since the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four, been claimed by the Cherokees and the Chickasaws; the eastern boundary whereof is limited by a line so to be run from the upper part of the Chickasaw Old Fields, as to include all the waters of Elk river, any thing expressed in said convention to the contrary notwithstanding. It is therefore now declared, by James Robertson and Return J. Meigs, acting under the authority of the executive of the United States, and by a delegation of Cherokee chiefs, of whom Eunolee, or Black Fox, the king or head chief of said Cherokee nation, acting on the part of and in behalf of said nation, is one, that the eastern limits of said ceded tract shall be bounded by a line so to be run from the upper end of the Chickasaw Old Fields, a little above the upper point of an island, called Chickasaw island, as will most directly intersect the first waters of Elk river, thence carried to the great Cumberland mountain, in which the waters of Elk river have their source, then along the margin of said mountain, until it shall intersect lands heretofore ceded to the United States, at the said Tennessee ridge. And in consideration of the readiness shown by the Cherokees to explain, and to place the limits of the land ceded by the said convention out of all doubt, and in consideration of their expenses in attending council, the executive of the United States will direct that the Cherokee nation shall receive the sum of two thousand dollars, to be paid to them by their agent, at such time as the said executive shall direct, and that the Cherokee hunters, as hath been the custom in such cases, may hunt on said ceded tract, until, by the fullness of settlers, it shall become improper. And it is hereby declared by the parties, that this explanation ought to be considered as a just elucidation of the cession' made by the first article of said convention. Done at the point of departure of the line at the upper end of the island opposite to the upper part of the said Chickasaw Old Fields, the eleventh day of September, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seven. Thomas Freeman, James Robertson, Return J. Meigs, Eunolee, or Black Fox, his x mark, Fulaquokoko, or Turtle at home, his x mark, Sowolotoh, king's brother, his x mark, Witnesses present : Thomas Orme. OTTAWAS, CHIPPEWAS, WYANDOTS, ETC. Articles of a treaty made at Detroit, this seventeenth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seven, by William Hull, governor of the Territory of Michigan, and superintendent of Indian affairs, and sole commissioner of the United States, to conclude and sign a treaty or treaties, with the several nations of Indians northwest of the river Ohio, on the one part, and the sachems, chiefs, and warriors of the Ottawa, Chippewa, Wyandot, and Pattawatima nations of Indians, on the other part. To confirm and perpetuate the friendship, which happily subsists between the United States and the nations aforesaid, to manifest the sincerity of that friendship, and to settle arrangements mutually beneficial to the parties; after a full explanation and perfect understanding, the following articles are agreed to, which, when ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, shall be binding on them, and the respective nations of Indians. ART. 1. The sachems, chiefs, and warriors, of the nations aforesaid, in consideration of money and goods, to be paid to the said nations, by the government of the United States, as hereafter stipulated; do hereby agree to cede, and forever quit claim, and do, in behalf of their nations, hereby cede, relinquish, and forever quit claim unto the said United States, all right, title, and interest, which the said nations now have, or claim, or ever had, or claimed, in, or unto, the lands comprehended within the following described lines and boundaries: beginning at the mouth of the Miami river of the lakes, and running thence up the middle thereof, to the mouth of the great Auglaize river, thence running due north, until it intersects a parallel of latitude, to be drawn from the outlet of lake Huron, which forms the river St. Clair; thence running northeast, the course that may be found will lead in a direct line to White Rock, in lake Huron, thence due east, until it intersects the boundary line between the United States and Upper Canada, in said lake, thence southwardly, following the said boundary line down said lake, through river St. Clair, lake St. Clair, and the river Detroit, into lake Erie, to a point due east of the aforesaid Miami river, thence west to the place of beginning. ART. 2. It is hereby stipulated and agreed on the part of the United States, as a consideration for the lands ceded by the nations aforesaid in the preceding article, that there shall be paid to the said nations, at Detroit, ten thousand dollars, in money, goods, implements of husbandry, or domestic animals, (at the option of the said nations, seasonably signified through the superintendent of Indian affairs residing with the said nations, to the Department of War,) as soon as practicable, after the ratification of the treaty by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States; of this sum, three thousand three hundred and thirty-three dollars thirty-three cents and four mills shall be paid to the Ottawa nation; three thousand three hundred and thirtythree dollars thirty-three cents and four mills to the Chippewa nation; one thousand six hundred sixty-six dollars sixty-six cents and six mills to the Wyandot nation; one thousand six hundred sixty-six dollars sixty-six cents and six mills to the Pattawatima nation; and likewise an annuity forever, of two thousand four hundred dollars, to be paid at Detroit, in manner as aforesaid: the first payment to be made on the first day of September next, and to be paid to the different nations in the following proportions : eight hundred dollars to the Ottawas, eight hundred dollars to the Chippewas, four hundred dollars to the Wyandots, and four hundred dollars to such of the Pattawatimas as now reside on the river Huron of lake Erie, the river Raisin, and in the vicinity of the said rivers. ART. 3. It is further stipulated and agreed, if at any time hereafter the said nations should be of the opinion that it would be more for their interest, that the annuity aforesaid should be paid by instalments, the United States will agree to a reasonable commutation for the annuity, and pay it accordingly. ART. 4. The United States, to manifest their liberality and disposition to encourage the said Indians in agriculture, further stipulate to furnish the said Indians with two blacksmiths, one to reside with the Chippewas, at Saguina, and the other to reside with the Ottawas, at the Miami, during the term of ten years; said blacksmiths are to do such work for the said nations, as shall be most useful to them. ART. 5. It is further agreed and stipulated, that the said Indian nations shall enjoy the privilege of hunting and fishing on the lands ceded as aforesaid, as long as they remain the property of the United States. ART. 6. It is distinctly to be understood, for the accommodation of the said Indians, that the following tracts of land within the cession aforesaid, shall be, and hereby are, reserved to the said Indian nations: one tract of land six miles square, on the Miami of lake Erie, above Roche de Boeuf, to include the village where Tondaganie (or the Dog) now lives. Also, three miles square on the said river, (above the twelve miles square ceded to the United States by the treaty of Greenville,) including what is called Presque Isle; also, four miles square on the Miami bay, including the villages where Meshkemau and Waugau now live; also, three miles square on the river Raisin, at a place called Macon, and where the river Macon falls into the river Raisin, which place is about fourteen miles from the mouth of said river Raisin; also, two sections of one mile square each, on the river Rouge, at Seginsavin's village; also, two sections of one mile square each, at Tonquish's village, near the river Rouge; also, three miles square on lake St. Clair, above the river Huron, to include Machonee's village; also, six sections, each section containing one mile square, within the cession aforesaid, in such situations as the said Indians shall elect, subject, however, to the approbation of the President of the United States, as to the places of location. It is further understood and agreed, that whenever the reservations cannot conveniently be laid out in squares, they shall be laid out in parallelograms, or other figures, as found most practicable and convenient, so as to contain the area specified in miles; and in all cases they are to be located in such manner, and in such situations, as not to interfere with any improvements of the French or other white people, or any former cessions. ART. 7. The said nations of Indians acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States, and no other power, and will prove by their conduct that they are worthy of so great a blessing. In testimony whereof, the said William Hull, and the sachems and war chiefs representing the said nations, have hereunto set their hands and seals. Done at Detroit, in the territory of Michigan, the day and year first above written. William Hull, CHIPPEWAS, Peewanshemenogh, his x mark, L. S. L. S. Mamaushegauta, or Bad Legs, his x mark, L. s. Kiosk, his x mark, Pooquigauboawie, his x mark, L. S. L. S. Poquaquet, or the Ball, his x mark, L. S. L. S. Segangewan, his x mark, Quitchonequit, or Big Cloud, his x mark, L. s. Puckenese, or the Spark of Fire, his x mark, L. S. L. S. L. S. L. S. Macquettequet, or Little Bear, his x mark, L. s. Nemekas, or Little Thunder, his x mark, Sawanabenase, or Pechegabua, or Grand L. S. Blanc, his x mark, L. S. WYANDOTS, Skahomet, his x mark, L. S. Miere, or Walk in the Water, his x mark, L. s. L. S. In presence of George McDougall, Chief Judge Ct. D. H. and D. C. Rush, Attorney General, Jacob Visger, Associate Judge of the D. Court, Jos. Watson, Secretary to the Legislature of Michigan, Abijah Hull, Surveyor for Michigan Territory, Harris H. Hickman, Counsellor at Law, Abraham Fuller Hull, Counsellor at Law and Secretary to the Commission, Whitmore Knaggs, Sworn Interpreters. Whitmore Knaggs,} William Walker, |