such an application unnecessary, ought, to find out some calling or profession, that they may not lie as a burthen upon the species. (Addison.)

So be it, said Glaucus, but whom have we here? I never saw this hero before, and he glanced at Lydon, whose limbs were slighter than those of his companions, and who had something of grace, and something even of noble in his face which his profession had not yet wholly destroyed. It is Lydon, a youngster, practised only with the wooden sword as yet.. (Bulwer's last days of Pomp.)

1. BUSTLE, 2. TUMULT, 3. UPROAR. 1. Lärm, Getöse, Gewühl, Tumult; 2. Getümmel, Lärm, Tumult, Aufstand, Auflauf; 3. Aufruhr.

Das erste Hauptwort bezeichnet viel Getümmel, Unruhe und Eile; die beeilten Bewegungen sind oft nicht absichtlich, sondern die natürliche Folge des Zusammentreffens mehrerer Personen. Das zweite die meiste Verwirrung und Unordnung, die gewöhnlich aus dem allgemeinen Aufbrausen der Ge= müther einer Menge entstehen. Das dritte ist die Folge allgemeinen Zorns, oder allgemeiner Freude.

A crowded street will always be in a bustle; contested elections are always accompanied with a great tumult; drinking parties make a considerable uproar in the indulgence of their intemperate mirth.

I wish it was well over, for I do hate bustle, and there is no marrying without some. (Byron's Lett.) Having thus devolved his whole cares on Jenny as prime minister, Niel Blane and the ci-devant laird, once his patron, but now glad to be his trencher-companion, sate down to enjoy themselves for the remainder of the evening remote from the bustle of the public room.

(W. Scott's Old Mort.)

Perhaps they loved each other the more, because the condition of the world left to Glaucus no aim and no wish but love; because the distractions common in free states to men's affection, existed not for the Athenian because his country wooed him not to the bustle of civil life because ambition formed no counterpoise to love: and therefore, over their schemes and their projects, love only reigned.

the

(Bulwer's Last days of Pompeii.) All now was hurry and bustle. The meetings of acquaintances greetings of friends — the consultations of men of business.

(Irving's Sk. Book,)

Oft from the din of bustling life I stray'd,
In happier scenes to see my lovely_maid.

(Falconer's Shipwreck.)

With flint, with shaft, with staff, with bar,

The hardier urge tumultuous war. (Lady of the Lake.)

Amidst the uproar of other bad passions, conscience acts as a restraining power.

(Blair.)

1. To BUY, 2. PURCHASE, 3. BARGAIN, 4. CHEAPEN.

1. Kaufen; 2. erwerben, kaufen; 3. einen Handel schließen, handeln; 4. feilschen.

Buy und purchase sind sich in Sinn und Anwendung sehr ähnlich; doch ist der legte Ausdruck edler, als der erste: buy kann immer statt purchase

gebraucht werden, aber purchase würde in der gewöhnlichen Anwendung nicht immer paßlich für buy zu nehmen sein: the necessaries of life are bought; luxuries are purchased. To buy bezeichnet, Geld nach einer gewissen Regel und zu einem gewissen Zwecke ausgeben, der Austausch des Geldes gegen eine Waare; to purchase, sich eine Sache verschaffen: the propensity of buying whatever comes in one's way is very injurious to the circumstances of some people; what it is not convenient to procure for ourselves, we may commission another to purchase for us. Bargaining und cheapening beziehen sich auf den Preis: das erste, ein besonderes Uebereinkommen wegen des Preises machen; das zweite, den begehrten Preis vermindern. Trade is supported by buyers; bargainers and cheapeners are not acceptable customers: mean people are prone to bargaining; poor people are obliged to cheapen.

It gives me very great scandal to observe, wherever I go, how much skill, in buying all manner of things, there is necessary to defend yourself from being cheated. (Steele.)

If you have bought a new horse at an extravagant price, and are evidently vain of it, he smiles languidly, and informs you that it was offered to him for half what you gave for it, but he would not have it for nothing. (Bulw. Engl.)

No, my dear, said she, our son is a discreet boy, he can buy and sell to very good advantage; you know all our great bargains are of his purchasing. (The Vicar.) Wisdom is an acquisition purchased in proportion to the disappointments which our own frailties have entailed upon us. (Bulw. Stud.) Pirates may make cheap pennyworths of their pillage And purchase friends.

(Shakesp.)

He was once worth fifty thousand pounds, and had actually agreed for the purchase of an estate in the West, in order to realize his money. (Mackenzie's Man of Feel.) So York must sit, and fret, and bite his tongue, While his own lands are bargain'd for, and sold.

(Shakesp.)

You may see many a smart rhetorician turning his hat in his hands, moulding it into several different cocks; examining sometimes the lining, and sometimes the button, during the whole course of his harangue. A deaf man would think he was cheapening a beaver, when perhaps he is talking of the fate of the British nation. (Addison.)

1. CAN, 2. MAY.

1. Können, bezeichnet Möglichkeit; 2. mögen, Freiheit und Wahr

scheinlichkeit.

He who has sound limbs can walk, but he may not walk in places which are prohibited.

Mother of God! said the friar, is it possible my lord can refuse a father the life of his only son, his long-lost child?

(Castle of Otranto.)

How can I be cheerful, when I have so many terrors to oppress me?
(Goldsmith's Good-nat. man.)

For who can match Achilles? he who can
Must yet be more than hero, more than man.

(Pope.)

You call this weakness! It is strength,

I say,
the parent of all honest feeling,
He who loves not his country, can 'love nothing.

(Byron's Foscari.)
Thou canst not call him from the Stygian shore,
But thou alas! mayst live to suffer more.

(Pope.)

I may with great truth return your speech, that I think of you daily; oftener indeed than is consistent with the character of a reasonable man, who is rather to make himself easy with the things and men that are about him, than uneasy for those which he wants. (Pope's Letters.)

Doctor. In this slumbry agitation, besides her walking, and other actual performances, what at any time, have you heard her say? Gent. That, Sir, which I shall not report after her. Doct. You may to me, and 'tis most meet you should. (Macbeth.)

Your face, my Thane, is as a book, where men
May read strange matters.

(Macbeth.)

1. CANDID, 2. OPEN, 3. SINCERE.

1. Offen, arglos, aufrichtig; 2. offen; 3. aufrichtig (echt, rein).

Candour nöthigt uns, auch das zu bekennen, das gegen uns ist, es ist Uneigennus, reine Absicht; Openness treibt uns an, Alles zu äußern was in unserer Seele vorgeht, es ist Wärme des Gefühls und Liebe sich mitzutheilen, oft unvorsichtigkeit. Sincerity, Liebe zur Wahrheit, eine unerläßliche Tugend

A candid man will have no reserve when openness is necessary; an open man cannot maintain a reserve at any time; a sincere man will maintain a reserve only as far as it is consistent with truth. Nothing can be more just or candid than this remark.

(Th. Moor's Travels.) The fondest and firmest friendships are dissolved by such openness and sincerity as interrupt our enjoyment of our own approbation.

His words are bonds, his oaths are oracles,
His love sincere, his thoughts immaculate.

(Johnson.)

(Shakspeare.)

1. To CAST, 2. THROW.

1. Werfen; 2. werfen.

Das erste Zeitwort bedeutet, bloß wohin, bei Seite legen, oft eine gleichgültige Handlung, und erfordert keine besondere Anstrengung; das zweite die Art der Handlung umständlicher, einen directen Bewegungsgrund der Abneigung oder Verachtung, und ist oft mit Heftigkeit verbunden.

Clothes which are no longer worn are cast off. Money is cast into a bag. Animals cast their young. Bad habits cannot be thrown off too soon. The dross is separated from the wheat and thrown away. Insinuations are thrown out against a person. Things are thrown at him with the view of striking. A lawless man throws off constraint.

As far as I conld cast my eyes

Upon the sea, something methought did rise
Like bluish mists.

(Dryden.)

O war, thou son of hell!

Whom angry heavens do make their minister,
Throw in the frozen bosoms of our part,
Hot coals of vengeance.

(Shakespeare.)

1. CAUTIOUS, 2. WARY, 3. CIRCUMSPECT. 1. Behutsam, vorsichtig; 2. behutsam, vorsichtig; 3. vorsichtig, behutsam, umsichtig.

Das erste bedeutet einen geringeren Grad von Behutsamkeit, als die beiden andern, es ist die Wirkung der Furcht; das zweite die der Gefahr, das dritte die der Erfahrung und Ueberlegung.

It is necessary to be cautious at all times. The traveller must be cautious when going a road not familiar to him. You must be cautious not to discover your sentiments too freely before strangers. The traveller must be wary when passing over slippery and dangerous places. You must be wary not to entangle yourself in ruinous litigations.

With cautious step, and ear awake,

He climbs the crag and threads the brake.

(Lady of the Lake.)

Her politic, wary and worldly father, felt for her an affection, the strength of which sometimes surprised him into an unusual emotion. (W. Scott's Bride of Lam.)

Be circumspect when going through obscure, uncertain, and winding passages. He ought to be circumspect not to engage in what is above his abilities to complete.

No pious man can be so circumspect in the care of his conscience, as the covetous man is in that of his pocket.

(Steele.)

1. To CEASE, 2. LEAVE OFF,

3. DISCONTINUE.

1. Aufhören; 2. aufhören; 3. einstellen, aussehen, unterbrechen. Das erste Zeitwort wird entweder auf besondere Handlungen, oder allgemeine Gewohnheiten angewendet; das zweite häufiger und eigentlich auf besondere Handlungen; das dritte auf allgemeine Gewohnheiten.

A restless spoiled child never ceases crying until it has obtained what it wants.

A successfull author is equally in danger of the diminution of his fame, whether he continues or ceases to write. (Johnson.)

The sounds ceased, and the keeper entered his danghter's apartment.
(W. Scott's Bride.)

That motion ceased, yet feeling strong
Varied his look as changed the song.

(Lady of the Lake.)

A labourer leaves off his work at any given hour. As harsh and irregular sound is not harmony; so neither is banging a cushion oratory; therefore, in my humble opinion, a certain divine of the first order would do well to leave this off. (Swift.)

A delicate person discontinues his visits when they are found not to be agreeable. The discontinuing a good practice without adequate grounds evinces great instability of character.

1. CELESTIAL, 2. HEAVENLY.

1. Himmlisch; 2. himmlisch.

Das erste bedeutet zu dem Himmel der Heiden gehörig, und wird häufig in seinem natürlichen Sinne gebraucht; das zweite hat eine höhere Anwendung und wird allgemeiner in einem geistigen Sinne genommen. Oft wird celestial für heavenly im moralischen Sinne gebraucht.

The celestial globe, the celestial bodies, Olympus the celestial abode of Jupiter, of the celestial deities. The heavenly habitation, the heavenly joys or bliss.

Unhappy son! (fair Thetis thus replies,
While tears celestial trickle from her eyes.)

Yet man,
fool man! here buries all his thoughts;
Inters celestial hopes without one sigh.

Her cheeks a mair celestial hue,
A crimson still diviner.

(Pope.)

(Young's Night Thoughts)

(Burns' Poems.)

Now from this heavenly descent of criticism, and the close analogy it bears to heroic virtue, 'tis easy to assign the proper employment of a true, ancient, genuine critic. (Swift's Tale of a Tub.)

The mightiest chiefs of British song
Scorn'd not such legends to prolong:
They gleam through Spenser's elfin dream,
And mix in Milton's heavenly theme.

(W. Scott's Marmion.).

Oh idol of my dreams! whate'er
Thy nature be human, divine,
Or but half heav'nly still too fair,
Too heav'nly to be ever mine!

(Moor's Loves of the Angels.) Like Maia's son he stood,

And shook his plumes, that heav'nly fragrance fill'd

The circuit wide.

(Milton's P. L.)

1. CERTAIN, 2. SURE, 3. SECURE.

1. Gewiß; 2. gewiß, sicher; 3. sicher.

Das erste betrifft Facta oder Glaubenssachen, das zweite und dritte die Eigenschaft oder den Zustand von Dingen. Certain wird dubious, sure wavering, secure dangerous entgegengeseßt.

A fact is certain. It is a defect in the English language, that there are at present no certain rules for its orthography or pronunciation; the learner therefore, is at a loss for a sure guide.

It is very certain that a man of sound reason with religion upon an impartial examination of it. His step is very sure. This house is secure. his state by mercy.

cannot forbear closing (Addison.)

He must seek to secure

No one can ensure his life for a moment, or secure his property from the contingencies to which all sublunary things are exposed. And surely it will be owned, that a wise man, who takes upon him to be vigilant for the public weal, should touch proper things at proper times, and not prescribe for a surfeit when the distemper is a consumption. (Berkeley's Alciphron.)