We deserve praise or blame, A person does not deserve a recompense till he has performed some service. Children are always acting so as to deserve either reproof or commendation, reward or punishment. Criminals cannot always be punished according to their deserts. A labourer is deserving on account of his industry. He does not merit approbation if he has not done his part well. Candidates for public applause or honours conceive they have frequent occasion to complain that they are not treated according to their merits. A noble mind is not contented with barely obtaining, it seeks to merit what it obtains. He who has great powers and uses them for the advantage of himself or others is a man of merit. An artist is meritorious on account of his professional abilities. The man of worth is contented with the consciousness of what he possesses in himself. It is impossible for a man to have great merit and little or no worth. A citizen is worthy on account of his benevolence and uprightness. A worthy man possesses that which calls for the esteem of others. A subject may be worthy the attention of a writer.

Wenn worthy innere und moralische Eigenschaften bezeichnet, so bestimmt worth nur außerliche allein: A man is worth the property which he can call his own. A thing may not be worth the while to consider.

I have small hopes of doing good, no vanity in writing, and little ambition to please a world not very candid or deserving. If I can preserve the good opinion of a few friends, it is all I can expect, considering how little good I can do even to them to merit it.

Man praises man. Desert in arts or arms.
Wins public honour! and ten thousand sit
Patiently present at a sacred song,
Commemoration

mad; content to hear

(0, wonderful effect of music's pow'r!)
Messiah's eulogy for Händel's sake.

(Pope's Lett.)

That time that bears no fruit deserves no name.

(W. Cowper's Poems.)

(Young's N. Th.)

Life is war;

Eternal war with woe: who bears it best
Deserves it least.

(Young's N. Th.)

We shall neither read to soothe our indolence, nor to gratify our vanity as little shall we content ourselves to drudge like grammarians and critics, that others may be able to study with greater ease and profit, like philosophers and statesmen: as little shall we affect the slender merit of becoming great scholars at the expence of groping all our lives in the dark mazes of antiquity. (Bolingbroke's Lett.)

Beauties in vain their pretty eyes may roll;
Charms strike the sight, but merit wins the soul.
(Pope's Rape of the lock.)

Our talk must only be of Benedick;
When I do name him, let it be thy part

To praise him more than ever man did merit.

But now let ev'ry Muse confess
That merit finds its due success.
Th' examples of our days regard:
Where's virtue seen without reward?
Distinguish'd and in place you find
Desert and worth of ev'ry kind. ..

(Shaksp. Much ado.)

(Gay's Fables.)

Say, sages, what's the charm on earth
Can turn Death's dart aside?

It is not purity and worth,
Else Jessy had not died.

To birth or office, no respect be paid,
Let worth determine here.

Nor mourn ye less his perish'd worth,
Who bade the conqueror go forth,
And launch'd that thunderbolt of war
On Egypt, Hafnia, Trafalgar.

(Burns' Poems.)

(Pope.)

(W. Scott's Marmion.)

1. To DESIRE, 2. WISH, 3. LONG for, 4. HANKER after, 5. COVET.

1. Wünschen, verlangen, begehren; 2. wünschen; 3. verlangen, sich sehnen; 4. nachhangen, trachten, sich sehnen; 5. begehen.

Desire ist heftig, und vorlangt Befriedigung: ein solcher Wunsch muß gemäßigt werden; auch in Bezug auf Undere ist desire nicht weniger gebieterisch, und legt eine Verpflichtung auf. Wish ist weniger vehement, und be stehet in einer starken Neigung, die begrenzt werden muß; in Bezug auf Andere ist dieser Wunsch, wish, ohne Anmaßung und an die Gutmüthigkeit der Person gerichtet. Longing ist ein heftiges Verlangen nach etwas; hankering ist ein Verlangen, desire, nach etwas, das für uns nicht erreichbar ist; coveting nach dem Eigenthum eines Andern, oder nach Dem, das in der Macht eines Andern zu gewähren steht: longings, hankerings und covetings müssen unterdrückt werden.

We desire or long for that which is near at hand, or within view. Uncontrolled desires become the greatest torments. We act by the desire of a superior, and according to the wishes of an equal. The desire of a parent will amount to a command in the mind of a dutiful child: his wishes will be anticipated by the warmth of affection. We wish for and covet that which is more remote, or less distinctly seen. A discontented person wishes for more than he has. Unbounded wishes are the bane of all happiness. He who is in a strange land longs to see his native country. Ardent longings are mostly irrational, and not entitled to indulgence. We hanker after that which has been once enjoyed; vicious men hanker after the pleasures which are denied them. Ambitious men covet honours, avaricious men covet riches. Coveting is expressly prohibited by the divine law.

When men have discovered a passionate desire of fame in the ambitious man (as no temper of mind is more apt to show itself), they become sparing and reserved in their commendations. (Addison.)

The lady is dead upon mine and my master's false accusation; and, briefly, I desire nothing but the reward of a villain.

(Shaksp. Much ado.)

It is as absurd in an old man to wish for the strenght of youth, as it would he in a young man to wish for the strength of a bull or a horse.

(Steele.)

(Byron's Mazeppa.)

Extended on the funeral couch he lies,

And, soon as morning paints the eastern skies,
The sight is granted to thy longing eyes.

(Pope.)

The wife is an old coquette thas is always hankering after the diversions of the town.

(Addison.)

You know Chaucer has a tale, where a knight saves his head by discovering it was the thing which all women most coveted. (Gay.)

1. DESTINY, 2. FATE, 3. LOT, 4. DOOM. 1. Schicksal, Geschick, Schickung, Verhängniß; 2. Schicksal, Verhängniß, Schickung, Fügung, Fatum; 3. Loos; 4. Bestimmung, Loos.

Das erste Hauptwort wird gebraucht in Bezug auf unsere Stellung und Lebensweise; es ist vorgezeichnet. Das zweite in Beziehung auf Persönlichkeit und auf unsere Leiden, es ist bestimmt; das dritte betrifft unsern Besig, es ist zugetheilt. Das vierte hångt von dem Willen eines Andern ab, es ist gefäut.

It was the destiny of Julius Caesar to act a great part in the world, and to establish a new form of government at Rome; it was his fate at last to die by the hands of assassins, the chief of whom had been his avowed friends; hat he been contented with a humbler lot than that of an empire, he might have enjoyed honours, riches, and a long life; his doom was sealed by the last step which he took in making himself emperor. It is not permitted for us to inquire into our future destiny; it is our duty to submit to our fate, to be contented with our lot, and prepared for our doom.

If death be your design at least, said she
Take us along to share your destiny.

The gods those armies and this force employ,
The hostile gods conspire the fate of Troy.

I dread thee, Fate, relentless and severe,
With all a poet's, husband's, father's fear!

Look on me,

(Dryden.)

(Pope.)

(Burns' Poems.)

Me who have touch'd and tasted, yet both live,
And life more perfect have attain'd than fate
Meant me, by vent'ring higher than my lot.

(Paradise Lost.) Every man is placed in his present condition by causes which acted without his foresight, and with which he did not always willingly cooperate; and therefore you will rarely meet one who does not think the lot of his neighbour better than his own. (Johnson's Rasselas.)

To labour is the lot of man below,
And when Jove gave us life he gave us woe.

(Pope.)

(W. Scott's Marmion.)

What mortal his own doom may guess?
Let none despond, let none despair!

(Byron's Mazeppa.)

Oh! grant me, gods! ere Hector meets his doom,
All I can ask of Heav'n, an early tomb.

1. To DETECT, 2. DISCOVER.

(Pope.)

1. Aufdecken, entdecken; 2. aufdecken, enthüllen, entdecken.

Das erste Zeitwort bedeutet immer etwas Schlechtes, die Handlung eines Augenblicks mit Hülfe der Sinne; das zweite wird ohne Unterschied gebraucht, die Folge von Bemühungen, durch weitläufige Mittel mit Hülfe des Verstandes zu Stande gebracht.

Thieves are detected in picking pockets. A plot is detected by any one who communicated what he has seem and heard. Wicked men go on in their career of vice with the hope of escaping detection. A lost child has been discovered in a wood. Many murders have been discovered after a lapse of years by ways the most extraordinary. The discovery of one villany often leads to that of many more.

Cunning when it is once detected loses its force. (Addison.) We are told that the Spartans, though they punished theft in the young men when it was discovered, looked upon it as honourable if it succeeded. (Addison.)

The progress of men in discovering and peopling the various parts of the earth, has been extremely slow. (Robertson's hist. of America.)

1. DEXTERITY, 2. ADDRESS, 3. ABILITY. 1. Geschicklichkeit, Fertigkeit, Gewandtheit; 2. Gewandtheit, Geschicklichkeit; 3. Fähigkeit, Geschick.

Das erste Hauptwort bezeichnet die Art der Ausführung, und giebt jeder Handlung eine Art von Leichtigkeit und Zwanglosigkeit; das zweite den Gebrauch der Mittel zur Ausführung, Kunst und Scharfsinn bei Entwürfen ; das dritte Unterscheidungskraft, die Fähigkeit, mit Geist und Zuversicht zu handeln.

To form a good government there must be ability in the prince or his ministers; address in those to whom the detail of operations is entrusted; and dexterity in those to whom the execution of orders is entrusted. To manage the ship with dexterity, to carry on an intrigue with address, to display some ability on the turf, will raise a man high in the rank of the present fashionables.

It is often observed that the race is won as much by the dexterity of the rider as by the vigour and fleetness of the animal.

(Bath.)

It was no sooner dark than she conveyed into his room a young maid of no disagreeable figure, who was one of her attendants, and did not want address to improve the opportunity for the advancement of her for(Spectator.)

tune.

It is not possible for our small party and small ability to extend their operations so far as to be much felt among such numbers.

1. To DIE, 2 EXPIRE.

1. Sterben; 2. sterben, verscheiden.

(Cowper.)

Das erste Zeitwort bezeichnet im Allgemeinen das Erlöschen des Da= seins; das zweite die legte Lebenswirkung in gewissen Gegenständen, das

Aushauchen des Lebens. Von Bäumen und Pflanzen, welche leben, wenn sie auch keinen Athem haben, sagt man die; von einer Flamme und andern Dingen, welche Luft einsaugen und ausstromen, aber nicht leben, expire. In bildlichem Sinne wird die Zeit des Daseins statt des Lebens der Dinge gesezt, daher sagt man: the date expires, the term expires; und so wie moralischen Gegenständen in bildlicher Bedeutung Leben beigemessen wird, so kann auch Tod solchen Gegenständen beigelegt werden, die kein physisches Leben besigen

Pope died in the evening of the thirtieth day of May 1744 so placidly, that the attendants did not discern the exact time of his expiration.

In the heighth of his reputation, and at a premature thus died Lorenzo de' Medici.

him.

A dissolution is the civil death of parliament.

(Johnson.) period of life, (Roscoe.)

(Blackstone.)

Death gives us more than was in Eden lost,
The king of terrors is the prince of peace.
When shall I die to vanity, pain, death?
When shall I die ? - when shall I live for ever.

(Young's N. Th.)

When Alexander the Great died, the Grecian monarchy expired with

(South.)

Having affectionately embraced his surrounding friends, and submitted to the last ceremonies of the church, he became absorbed in meditation, occasionally repeating portions of scripture, and accompanying his ejaculations with elevated eyes, and solemn gestures of his hands, till the energies of life gradually declining, and pressing to his lips a magnificent crucifix, he calmly expired.

(Roscoe's Life of Lorenzo.)

A parliament may expire by length of time.

All, to reflourish, fades;

As in a wheel, all sinks, to re - ascend.
Emblems of man, who passes, not expires.

(Blackstone.)

(Young's N. Th.)

1. DIFFERENT, 2. UNLIKE.

1. Verschieden, unähnlich; 2. ungleich, unähnlich.

Different ist positiv, unlike negativ: wir sehen auf das, was different ist und stellen einen Vergleich an; aber was unlike ist, bedarf keines Vergleichs.

A thing is said to be different from every other thing, or unlike to any thing seen before. How different is the view of past life in the man who is grown old in knowledge and wisdom from that of him who is grown old in ignorance and folly.

(Addison.)

(Byron's Mazeppa.)