mites on September 22d (see pages 513 and 514), each party became more circumspect and wary with respect to the other, and the members of both parties went about their daily duties provided with defensive weapons of some sort, while the respective strongholds of the two parties -the fort and the block-house-were carefully guarded day and night by armed sentinels. Relative to the September skirmish, previously referred to, we have the following additional information, derived from a printed statement* issued in 1804 by Alexander Patterson, of Northampton County, whose name and exploits are frequently mentioned hereinafter. He refers to the Yankees as numbering (in September, 1769) "upwards of 200, under the direction of a man of desperate fortune, of the name of Durgee [Durkee]," and then states:

"They [the Yankees] attempted to dispossess the Pennsylvania settlers,† armed with axes, scythes and clubs. Your petitioner [Patterson] was in the front of the opposition, and was severely wounded in the head with an ax.

The Yankees were defeated and drove to their fort. Notwithstanding the loss of much blood he [Patterson] that evening set off in a bateau to Fort Augusta, sixty-six miles down the river, at that time all the way uninhabited; hired hands, and brought up a cannon."

The September skirmish at Wyoming caused Sheriff Jennings to hasten the preparations for his expedition to the valley, which he was making at Easton in compliance with the directions of Governor Penn, as detailed on page 507, Vol. I. The party of "hands" claimed by Captain Patterson to have been "hired" by himself at Fort Augusta consisted of some twenty men, engaged for the Wyoming service by Colonel Francis under instructions from the Governor. (See page 507.) These men, properly armed and equipped and provided, also, with an iron 4-pounder cannon and a supply of ammunition (furnished by Colonel Francis), were conducted by Captain Patterson in several bateaux from Fort Augusta to the mouth of Mill Creek, in Wyoming, where they arrived November 8th-the very day that the meeting of The Susquehanna Company took place at Hartford. About two days later Sheriff Jennings set out from Easton for Wyoming at the head of a force of some 200 men, well armed and equipped. A number of these men were residents of New Jersey, but the majority were from the towns of Easton and Bethlehem and the vicinity of Fort Allen in Northampton County, Pennsylvania. The Sheriff's chief aids, or deputies, were Charles Stewart, Esq. (previously mentioned), and Captains Joseph Morris and John Dick. (See note, page 514.)

Capt. Amos Ogden, apprized at Wyoming of the approach of Sheriff Jennings and his "posse comitatus", gathered together his whole force of Pennamites, numbering about forty, and in the afternoon of Saturday, November 11th, dashed rapidly and unexpectedly on a small party of Yankees-among whom was Maj. John Durkee-at some distance from Fort Durkee and captured them. Captain Ogden, it will be remembered, was at that time a duly commissioned Justice of the Peace, and without delay he issued the necessary legal papers for the commitment of Major

"A Petition presented by Capt. Alexander Patterson to the Legislature of Pennsylvania during the Session of 1803-'04, for compensation for the monies he expended and the services he rendered in defence of the Pennsylvania title against the Connecticut claimants." Printed at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in 1804. About the middle of September, 1769, the Pennsylvania settlers-the Ogdens and their few associates -who were holding possession of the lands at and near Mill Creek, were joined by Alexander Patterson, Garrett Brodhead (mentioned in the note on page 258) and a number of others from eastern Northamp ton County, representing certain Pennsylvania land-claimants. These men took part in the skirmish of September 22d, and Brodhead's servant was captured by the Yankees and held a prisoner in Fort Durkee until its surrender on November 14th, as hereinafter described. The following account against "the Proprietaries of Pennsylvania" was rendered by Garrett Brodhead in 1769, and is printed in "Pennsylvania Archives," Second Series, XVIII : 614. "To six days with two horses and self, £3, 12s.; six days with one horse, £3; ten days at Wyoming, £5; my servant fifty-eight days at Wyoming, of which he was imprisoned thirty-eight days by the Yankys, £14, 10s."

Durkee to the city jail in Philadelphia. The Major was too valuable a prize to be risked in the log jail at Easton, and so, shackled with irons and entrusted to a safe escort within a few hours after his capture, he was hustled off to Philadelphia and closely imprisoned. Emboldened by their success Ogden and his men, about nine o'clock Saturday night, surrounded Fort Durkee and fired upon the men within.*

Sheriff Jennings and his posse reached Wyoming on Sunday, November 12th, and the next morning the whole body of Pennamites, upwards of 200 in number, paraded in formidable array before Fort Durkee. Then, while Jennings-at the forefront of his force-carried on a parley with the Yankee garrison, Ogden and some of the men collected and drove away all the cattle and horses belonging to the Yankees which they found grazing in the fields in the neighborhood. The following day the Pennamites assembled again on the plain before Fort Durkee, where they threw up a line of earthworks upon which they mounted the 4-pounder from Fort Augusta; after which they summoned the Yankees to surrender or, failing in that, to submit to the "immediate destruction" of their fort. Deprived of their commander, and having nothing but. muskets and rifles with which to defend themselves, the Yankees determined to surrender; whereupon articles of capitulation were entered into, in form as follows:

"ARTICLES or CONDITIONS of agreement Indented made and entered into at Wyoming on the fourteenth day of November Annoque Domini one thousand seven hundred and sixty-nine, Between JOHN JENNINGS, AMOS OGDEN & CHAS STEWART, Esquires, in behalf of the Honorable Thomas Penn and Richard Penn, Esquires, Proprietaries of the Province of Pennsylvania, on the one Part, and JOHN SMITH and STEPHEN GARDNER, Committee-men chosen and appointed by the Susquehanna Land Company of Connecticutt in behalf of themselves and the said Company, of the other Part, WITNESSETH: that Whereas a number of the said Susquehanna Land Company have made several attempts to seize on and possess themselves of the Lands at and near at Wyoming aforesaid, in the Province of Pennsylvania, for which Forcible Entrys, Riots, &c. they have been indicted by the Grand Inquest of the County of Northampton in the Province aforesaid, in Consequence whereof his Majesty's Writts have been Issued against them and the Sheriff of the County of Northampton aforesaid hath collected the Posse Comitatis of the said County to aid him in apprehending the said Trespassers, Rioters and Offenders.

"But the partys to this agreement considering the great difficulties and expenses that will fall on the persons indicted on a Trial, as also the hardships they must suffer by being confined in a Goal if they cannot procure Bail, and being likewise desirous to prevent shedding of Blood and Future quarrells between the Tenants and Purchasers settled at Susquehanna under the aforesaid Thomas Penn & Richard Penn, Esquires, and those claiming under the Susquehanna Company or Connecticutt Grant, The aforesaid partys do Covenant, promise and agree for themselves and their respective Constituents with each other as Follows, viz.:

"1st. That all the people now assembled at Wyoming claiming under or in conjunction with the Connecticutt men shall peaceably depart from hence in three days, except a number not exceeding fourteen men, and that quiet and peaceable possession of the Fort and all the Buildings and Houses therein be immediately given up to the said John Jennings, Amos Ogden and Charles Stewart.

"2dly. That the party consisting of fourteen men, a list of whose names shall be taken and annexed hereunto, shall have leave to dwell in six of the Houses or apartments in the Fort and continue there with their wives and children (if any they have) untill his Majesty's Decree or Royal Order be issued and publickly made known in America in regard to the Title of the Lands at Wyoming, at which time it's agreed, meant and intended by the partys aforesaid that the party in whome his Majesty pleases to confirm or declare the Title of the lands at Wyoming to be (whether it be determined in favour of the Honble the Proprietaries of this Province or in favour of the Connecticutt claimants) shall thenceforth continue to possess and enjoy the same without any lett or molestation from the other party, who shall without delay remove off the lands aforsḍ with their Cattle, Horses and Effects as soon as his Majesty's determination is made known to them at Wyoming.

"3dly. That in the Interim not more than five Strangers, or others of the said Susquehanna Company's claimants, shall be received or entertained by the party of four* See "Pennsylvania Archives," First Series, IV: 401.

teen aforesaid at any one time nor continue in their Houses longer than three days at once, except in cases of absolute necessity, and that then the names of any persons so coming and their business shall be declared and made known to the settlers here, or agents under the said Thomas Penn & Richard Penn.

"4thly. That an Inventory of the Cattle and Horses belonging to or left in care of the fourteen men aforesaid be made out and given to the said John Jennings, Amos Ogden & Charles Stewart, that the numbers and marks of sd Cattle and Horses may be known to them and the others settled here.

*

"5th. That the party of fourteen aforesaid have leave to gather the Indian Corn, Turnips and **Crop of the past Summer, and Fence the wheat they have sown; with full Egress and Ingress to and from the wheat fields, and leave to cutt Firewood and do every other thing for the convenience and support of their Familys this Winter, or untill his Majesty's order be made known.

"6th. That they the said Connecticutt Company nor any of them shall not attempt any further Waste on the Lands at Susquehanna by Cutting Timber, Building Houses or any other way untill his Majesty's pleasure be made known in America in regard to the Title of said Lands.

"7thly. That all the Houses or Buildings in the Fort and on the said Lands, except the six before mentioned, shall be occupied, possessed and enjoyed by the settlers and purchasers under the said Thomas Penn & Richard Penn, Esquires, without any lett or disturbance from the other party untill the publication of his Majesty's order or Decree be made in America.

"8thly. That to preserve peace and good neighbourhood between the party of fourteen aforesaid and the Settlers under the said Thomas Penn & Richard Penn, Esquires, aforsd, The partys to this agreement hereby make themselves and their Constituents responsible for the good beheavour of the men who are to be left here, each party covenanting that themselves nor any they leave here will Harrass, Molest or disturb the Persons or Effects of the other, But on the contrary it is the True intent and meaning of this Agreement that peace, Order and Good Will be established here between the said partys, and that each and every of them will readily obey his Majesty's Royal Order and pay due obedience & Respect to the Laws. For the punctual performance whereof and of every part of this agreement the Partys aforesaid respectively bind themselves each by every tie of Honor and Justice, and also in the Penal Sum of one thousand pounds Current money of this Province, and have to this agreement interchangeably set their hands and Seals the Day and year first above Written. Anno, 1769.

"Signed, Sealed and Deliver'd

In the presence of us

"David Reynolds,*

"Jos: Morris, †

"JNO. JENNINGS,

"AMOS OGDEN,

"CHAS STEWART,

"JOHN SMITH,||

[L. S.]

L.S.

L. S.]

L. S.]

"STEPHEN GARDNER, [L. S.]"

* DAVID REYNOLDS, born in West Greenwich, Rhode Island, June 17, 1734, was the third child of William and Deborah (Green) Reynolds. William Reynolds was born near the close of the seventeenth century at Kingstown, Rhode Island. He was fourth in descent from William Reynolds of Providence (1637), who was associated with Roger Williams in the early settlement of the Colony of Providence Plantations, and was one of the thirty-eight signers of the agreement for a form of government for the new Colony. William Reynolds (the first of this name mentioned above) was married September 18, 1729, to Deborah, daughter of Benjamin and Humility (Coggeshall) Green of East Greenwich, Rhode Island, and they became the parents of the following children who grew to maturity: (i) Sarah, b. March 31, 1730, and md. in 1751 to Benjamin Jones; (ii) Caleb, b. June 21, 1731, and md. to Sarah Anderson at Voluntown, Connecticut, January 23, 1755; (iii) David, b. June 17, 1734; (iv) Griffin, b. June 11, 1737; (v) Benjamin, b. October 25, 1740; (vi) James, b. August 21, 1748; (vii) William, b. about 1752, killed at the battle of Wyoming, July 3, 1778.

In 1751 William and Deborah (Green) Reynolds and their children removed from West Greenwich to Coventry, Rhode Island, where they continued to reside until 1759, when, having disposed of his estate there for £1,000, Mr. Reynolds removed with all his family except his two eldest children to the Province of New York-locating, presumably, in either Dutchess County or Orange County. About that period there were considerable emigrations from eastern Connecticut and western Rhode Island to the counties mentioned; and through those counties, later, the New Englanders pursued their toilsome journeys on their way to settle in Wyoming.

(v) Benjamin Reynolds came to Wyoming in the Spring or Summer of 1769, either with the party headed by Major Durkee (see page 487) or with one of the smaller parties that came later, for he signed the petition drawn up at Wilkes-Barré August 29, 1769. (See page 510, Vol. I.) William the father came before September 12, 1769 (on which date he signed at Wilkes-Barré the petition mentioned on page 512), and shortly afterwards (iii) David joined his father and brother. The name of William Reynolds appears in the tax lists of Plymouth Township (where he settled in 1772) for 1776, 1777 and 1778, and the name of David Reynolds appears in the lists for 1777 and 1778. It is not probable that Benjamin Reynolds remained here for any great length of time, as his name does not appear later than 1771 in any of the few "lists of settlers" now in existence. He was living in Pownal, Bennington County, Vermont, in January, 1795, when he conveyed to Charles E. Gaylord certain lands in Plymouth Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, which had been devised to him by his father William. In March, 1797, Benjamin Reynolds of Exeter, Washington County, Rhode Island-presumably the son of William of Plymouth, as abovementioned-conveyed to his sons Joseph and Benjamin "all his right in the Susquehanna Purchase." William Reynolds died at Plymouth in 1791, aged considerably more than ninety years. By his will, probated at Wilkes-Barré January 6, 1792, he devised his estate to his children Sarah, Caleb, David, Griffin, Benjamin and James.

(iii) David Reynolds was twice married. The name of his first wife, and the place and time of her death, are not known. She bore her husband two children-Joseph (who married but had no children) and Mary (who became the wife of Levi Bronson). In 1779 David Reynolds was married (2d) to Mrs. Hannah (Andrus) Gaylord (born 1746), widow of Charles Gaylord (formerly of Plymouth) who had died in July, 1777, while a soldier in the Continental Army. David Reynolds died at Plymouth July 8, 1816, and

The foregoing Articles were executed in duplicate, and the copy -in the excellent and well-known handwriting of Charles Stewartwhich was retained by the representatives of the Yankees, is now in the possession of Mrs. Annie B. D. Reynolds of Wilkes-Barré, whose husband (the late Sheldon Reynolds) was a great-grandson of David Reynolds, one of the subscribing witnesses to the Articles. By the courtesy of Mrs. Reynolds we are able to present on the next page a photo-reproduction of a portion of this interesting document.

In conformity with the terms of the capitulation Stephen Gardner, Stephen Jenkins, Asa Ludington, Roasel Franklin, Maj. Simeon Draper, Samuel Hotchkiss, William Wallsworth, Frederick Spyer, Peregrine Gardner, James Nisbitt, James Forsyth, Daniel Brown, Jedidiah Olcott and Christopher Avery were selected as the fourteen Yankees who were to remain at Fort Durkee, "to dwell there in the houses numbered 1, 5, 10, 15, 17 and 21."* Within two or three days after the capitulation all the Yankees in Wyoming-with the exception of the abovementioned -peaceably left the disputed territory. No sooner had they departed, however, than Ogden and his party, in violation of the Articles of Capitu

his wife Hannah died there October 7, 1823. Their only child was Benjamin Reynolds-born February 4, 1780, and died February 22, 1854, at Plymouth-concerning whom, as well as other members of the Reynolds family, mention is made in subsequent pages.

+ Capt. JOSEPH MORRIS, mentioned on page 626. He was a resident of Morris County, New Jersey, and was, undoubtedly, a neighbor there, as well as a personal friend, of Capt. Amos Ogden. Further mention of Captain Morris is made in subsequent pages of this Chapter.

Son of STEPHEN GARDNER, one of the signers of the Articles of Capitulation. The "signer" was (III) Stephen Gardner mentioned in the note on page 254.

WILLIAM GALLUP was born at Groton (on the river Thames, opposite New London), Connecticut, July 4, 1723, the fifth child of Benadam Gallup, Jr. The latter (born 1693) was an early settler in Groton, where he held various town offices, and in 1730 was a Representative from the town in the General Assembly of Connecticut. He was the fourth child of Benadam and Esther (Prentice) Gallup, and the grandson of Capt. John and Hannah (Lake) Gallup of Stonington, Connecticut. Capt. John Gallup, last mentioned, was a man of considerable prominence in his day. He took part in the Pequot War of 1637, and received a grant of land for his services. In 1665 and '67 he represented Stonington in the General Court of Connecticut; and, having become quite proficient in a knowledge of some of the Indian dialects, was frequently employed by the Government in the capacity of interpreter. In November, 1675, shortly after the breaking out of the Narragansett War, Connecticut sent into the field 300 English soldiers and 150 Mohegan and Pequot warriors, under the command of five Captains, one of whom was John Gallup of Stonington. In the "Great Swamp fight," December 19, 1675, Captain Gallup commanded a company of Mohegans, and, together with nearly one-third of his warriors, fell on that bloody field.

William Gallup, first abovementioned, was an original member of The Susquehanna Company (see page 249), and first came to Wyoming in May, 1769, with the company of settlers led by Major Durkee. After the surrender of Fort Durkee he went back to Groton where his family still resided, and, so far as existing records indicate, did not return to Wyoming until June, 1772. At that time, and earlier, he was designated as "Captain" Gallup. In 1772 he settled in Kingston Township, and thither, in 1773 or '74, he brought his family from Connecticut. He and his elder son took part in the battle of July 3, 1778-the other members of his family being among the inmates of Forty Fort. After the surrender of the fort the family set out for Connecticut, and there they remained until after 1781-probably until 1785-when they returned to Kingston. Capt. William Gallup was married June 9, 1752, to Judith Reed (born April 6, 1733) of Norwich, Connecticut. Captain Gallup died at Kingston, April 4, 1803, and his widow Judith died there January 1, 1815. Their remains were buried in the "Gallup burial-ground", a small plot of ground still known by that name, lying near the Lackawanna Railroad station in the borough of Kingston, but which, for some years now, has been used as a sort of dumping-ground for garbage.

The children of Capt. William and Judith (Reed) Gallup were: (i) Lydia, b. February 14, 1754; (ii) Hallet, b. January 1, 1756, md. to Mary (b. 1759 and d. October 6, 1804), daughter of Ichabod Bartlett, and d. at Kingston October 5, 1804; (iii) Žurviah (b. January 4, 1758, and d. May 18, 1840), md., as his second wife, to Benjamin Smith (b. in 1759 and d. in Kingston January 19, 1816), son of Timothy Smith and grandson of John Smith, mentioned in the note on page 410; (iv) Lucy, b. February 7, 1760, md. (1st) to Nathaniel Gates (b. March 4, 1756, and d. November 7, 1793), md. (2d) to Aaron Dean, as his second wife, and died at Kingston November 30, 1821; (v) Esther, b. about 1762, md. to Christian G. Oehmig (who was a resident of Wilkes-Barré as early as 1787), and settled in Kingston; (vi) William, b. in 1769 or '70, md. to Freelove and d. at Kingston March 13, 1807, survived by his wife (who died at Plymouth, Pennsylvania, April 25, 1835) and the following-named children (who were baptized at Wilkes-Barré December 20, 1807, by the Rev. Ard Hoyt): William (b. Wilkes-Barré February 2, 1795, and d. at Tiffin City, Ohio, January 17, 1758), Hallet, James Devine and Caleb Hathaway; (vii) Mary, twin sister of (vi) William; (viii) Sarah, b. March 4, 1772, md. (1st) to Peter Grubb (b. 1754 and d. at Kingston January 23, 1807), md. (2d), May 29, 1809, as his second wife, to Agur Hoyt, then of Kingston, Pennsylvania, but formerly of Danbury, Connecticut, and who died at Norwalk, Ohio, November 30, 1836, being survived by his wife and one son (by his wife Sarah)-William Reed Hoyt, b. November 6, 1814; (ix) Hannah, twin sister of (viii) Sarah, md. (1st) Israel Skeer, md. (2d) Aseph Jones, and d. at Kingston February 2, 1864— being at the time of her death the oldest resident of Wyoming Valley.

Born at Plainfield, Connecticut, December 18, 1708, and died at Voluntown, Connecticut, in August or September, 1772. See note on page 410, Vol. I.

In "Pennsylvania Archives," First Series, IV: 353, the abovementioned names, with the exception of that of Christopher Avery, are given as those of the men who were to remain in the fort. However, in the collections of the Wyoming Historical and Geological Society there is an original account against The Susquehanna Company rendered about 1770 by Christopher Avery for services performed by him for the Company in 1769. One item of the account reads as follows: "To twenty days spent at the fort when the Pennamites took it by force-in order to save the papers belonging to this Company."

lation, began an indiscriminate plundering of whatever could be found. in the settlement, and cattle, horses and swine were driven off to markets on the Delaware.* The fourteen Yankees at Fort Durkee, left without means to sustain themselves, were soon compelled to follow their exiled companions to their former homes in Connecticut, New York and elsewhere, and the valley of Wyoming was in consequence left in the absolute occupancy and control of the Pennamites.

Various accounts of the happenings in Wyoming in November, 1769, have been written by different persons in the past, but heretofore have never been incorporated in any of the printed histories of the valley. The present writer has collected a number of those accounts, and some of them are herewith presented-chiefly for the purpose of show

FORT DURKEE ARTICLES OF CAPITULATION.

Photo-reproduction of the final paragraph and the signatures. (See page 628.)

ing how divergent and dissimilar various contemporary accounts of the same events may sometimes happen to be. The first account here given is now printed for the first time. It is from an affidavit made October

9, 1782, by Capt. William Gallup (mentioned on page 629) before William Williams, Esq. (see page 283), then a Justice of the Peace in Lebanon, Connecticut. The original affidavit is now among the "Trumbull Papers," mentioned on page 29, and at the end of the document

* See Miner's "Wyoming," page 112, Chapman's "Wyoming," page 80, and Stone's "Poetry and History of Wyoming," page 166.