vehemence and propriety, obferving, that, if fuch extraordinary proceedings were countenanced, he law nothing remaining for him and others to do, but to retire to their country-houfes, and there, if poffible, quietly enjoy their estates within their own families, fince the leaft correspondence, or intercepted letter, might be made criminal." Then, turning to the bishops, he faid, he could hardly account for the inveterate hatred and malice some perfons bore the ingenious bishop of Rochefter, unless it was, that they were infatuated like the wild Americans, who fondly believe they inherit not only the fpoils, but even the abilities, of the man they deftroy." He was one of the Lords who entered his protest against the bill. His Lordship was entirely averfe to continental connexions, and animadverted feverely upon the mo narch whofe thoughts were turned to foreign concerns and alliances which could never be useful; complaining of the immenfe fums lavished in fubfidies to needy and rapacious princes. He accufed the British miniftry of a bafe defertion of the honour and intereft of their country in the Spanish convention; alledging that the Spaniards, inftead of granting a redrefs, had rather extorted a release for their former conduct, as the word fatisfaction had not been fo much as mentioned in all the treaty. His Lordship moved to know, whether Spain had paid the fums ftipulated by this convention, when the time limited for the payment was expired. The Duke of Newcastle anfwered in the negative, and could affign no reason for the delay. The directors of the charitable corporation having embezzled 500,cool. of the proprietors capital, Lord Bathurst declared, in the Houfe of Lords, his abhorrence of this most iniquitous fcene of fraud, afferting that not one fhilling of the money was ever applied to the proper fervice, but became the reward of avarice and venality. His Lordship concurred, with all his power, in the oppofition to Sir Robert Walpole, who now tottered on the brink of ruin. This minifter, after obftinate ftruggles, having been forced to refign all his employments, Lord Bathurst was fworn of the privy-council, and made captain of the gentlemen penfioners, which poft he refigned in 1744. He was appointed treasurer to the prefent King, then Prince of Wales, in 1757, and continued in the lift of privy-counsellors at his acceffion to the throne; but on account of his great age, he chofe to enjoy otium cum dignitate. Lord Bathurst's integrity gained him the esteem even of his opponents; and his humanity and benevolence, the affection of all that knew him more intimately. He added to his public virtues all the good breeding, politenefs, and elegance of focial intercourse. Dr. Freind, Congreve, Vanbrugh, Swift, Prior, Rowe, Addifon, Pope, Arbuthnot, Gay, and most men of genius in his own time, cultivated his friendship, and were proud of his correfpondence. Pope, in his epistle to him on the Ufe of Riches, thus addreffes him ; amusements, and enjoyed, with a philofophical fatisfaction, the shade of the lofty trees he had planted himself. To within a month of his death he conftantly rode out on horfeback two hours before dinner, and conftantly drank his bottle of And Sterne, in his Letters to Claret or Madeira after dinner. He Eliza, thus fpeaks of him: This nobleman, fays he, is an old friend of mine; he was always the protector of men of wit and genius and has had thofe of the Tait century always at his table. The manner in which his notice began of me, was as fingular as it was polite. He came up to me one day, as I was at the Princess of Wales's court: I want to know you, Mr. Sterne; but it is fit you fhould know alfo who it is that wishes this pleasure: you have heard, continued he, of an old Lord Bathurst, of whom your Popes and Swifts have fung and fpcken fo much I have lived my life with geniufes of that caft, but have furvived them; and defpairing ever to find their equals, it is fome years fince I have closed my accounts, and fhut up my books, with thoughts of never opening them again; but you have kindled a defire in me of opening them once more before I die, which I now do, fo go home, and dine with me.' This nobleman, I fay, is a prodigy, for at eighty-five he has all the wit and promptnefs of a man of thirty; a difpofition to be pleafed, and a power to pleafe others beyond whatever I knew! added to which, a man of learning, courtefy, and feeling." His Lordship, in the latter part of his life, preferved his natural chearfulness and vivacity, always acceffible, hofpitable, and benencent. Lately he delighted in rural ufed to declare, in a jocofe manner, he never could think of adopting Dr. Cadogan's method, as Dr. Cheyne had affured him, fifty years ago, he would never live feven years longer, unless he abridged himself of his wine. Purfuant to this maxim, his Lordship having, about two years ago, invited feveral of his friends to fpend a few chearful days with him at his feat at Cirencester; and being one evening very loth to part with them; on his fon the prefent Chancellor's objecting to their fitting up any longer, and adding that health and long life were beft fecared by regularity; he fuffered him to retire: but, as foon as he was gone, the chearful father faid, Come, my good friends, fince the old gentleman is gone to bed, I think we may venture to crack another bottle." His Lordship was advanced to the dignity of Earl in 1772, and lived to fee the above nobleman, his eldeft fon, feveral years Lord High Chancellor of Great-Britain, and promoted to the peerage in 1771, by the title of Baron Apfiey. Lord Bathurst married Catharine, daughter of Sir Peter Apfley, by whom he had two other fons, and five daughters. His death happened, after a few days illnefs, at his feat near Cirencester, in the gift year of his age, and on the 16th of September, 1775. Memoirs Memoirs of the Life and Actions of the late Sir Charles Saunders. M R. Saunders entered early into the royal navy, and was fo distinguished by that undoubted judge of naval merit, the late Lord Anfon, as to be appointed, on his recommendation, firft lieutenant of his own fhip, the Centurion, when he failed on the expedition to the South Seas, in Sept. 1740. In Feb. following, during their stay at Port St. Julian, on the coaft of Patago nia, which was occafioned by an accident that happened to the Tryal's main maft, Mr. Saunders was promoted by the Commodore to the command of that floop, in the room of Capt. Cheap, removed to the Wager. But Capt. Saunders lying dangerously ill of a fever on board the Centurion, and it being the opinion of the furgeons, that the removing him on board his own fhip in his prefent condition might hazard his life, Mr. Anfon gave an order for Mr. Saumarez, first lieutenant of the Centurion, to act as mafter and commander of the Trya! during the illness of her captain. In the paffage round Cape Horn, Capt. Saunders, out of his fmall complement of 80 men, buried 20; and arriving at the island of Juan Fernandez foon after the Commodore, left any ships of the fquadron fhould have miftaken the neighbouring ifland of Maffa Fuera for that of Fernandez, all its bays and creeks were, by Mr. Anfon's orders, more particularly examined by Capt. Saunders (fays Mr. Robins) than ever had been before, or perhaps ever will be again;" though in this last circumftance he is miftaken, as Capt. Carteret, (fee Hawkesworth's Voyages) in May, 1767, much more accurately furveyed that ifland, and has alfo given a chart of it. It is obfervable, that the Spaniards taken foon after in a prize, by the Centurion, were aftonished on feeing the Tryal floop at anchor; and that, after all their fatigues, the English could have so foon refitted fuch a veffel on the fpot; and could fcarce believe that fuch a bauble as that could pafs round Cape Horn, when the best ships of Spain were obliged to put back. On Sept. 18, 1741, Capt. Saunders, being dispatched on a cruize off Valparaifo, took a large merchant-man, of 600 tons, bound to that port from Callao. But, to balance this fuccefs, the Tryal foon after fprung both her malts, and befides was fo leaky, that on joining the Commodore he found it neceffary to take out her people, and deftroy her, and in her ftead appointed her prize to be a frigate in his Majefty's fervice, mounting her with 20 guns, manning her with the Tryal's crew, and giving commiffions to the Captain and other officers accordingly. After fcuttling and finking her, Capt. Saunders, with his new frigate (called the Tryal-Prize), was difpatched on a cruife off the high land of Valparaifo, in company with the Centurion's prize, where, however, they had no fuccefs, and fo proceeded down the coaft to the rendezvous off Nafca, where they joined the Commodore, Nov. 2. From that time till the April following Capt. Saunders kept company with the Commodore; but then the whole number on board the fquadron not *The real Author of Lord Anfon's Voyage. amount amounting to the complement of a fourth rate man of war, it was agreed to deftroy the Tryal's and other prizes, and to reinforce the Gloucester with the best part of her crew and accordingly, on April 27, they were towed on fhore, and fcuttled in the harbour of Chequetan. Soon after the Centurion's arrival at Macao, in China, in Nov. 1742, Capt. Saunders took his paffage to England on board a Swedish fhip, charged with difpatches from the Commodore, and arrived in the Downs in May, 1743. By this means he loft the great emoluments that attended the capture of the Manilla galleon in June following. We have not been able to learn what ships this brave officer commanded (as we can hardly fuppofe he was unemployed) till March, 1745, when he was made Captain of the Sandwich, of go guns. Nor had he any opportunity of diftinguishing himself till Oct. 14, 1747, when, being commander of the Yarmouth, of 64 guns, in the fquadron of Admiral Hawke, he had a great share in the victory of that day, the Neptune and Monarque, both of 74 guns, ftriking to him: and though he had 22 men killed and 70 wounded, he gallantly proposed to Captains Saumarez and Rodney the purfuing the two fhips that escaped, which they in confequence engaged, and probably would have taken, if the death of Capt. Saumarez (our hero's fellowlieutenant in the Centurion) had not occafioned his fhip to haul her wind, and do no more fervice. On the trial of Capt. Fox, of the Kent, for misbehaviour on that day, Nov. 45, our Captain was one of the witneffes against him. In April, 1750, he was elected member of parliament for Plymouth, in the room of Lord Vere Beauclerk, deceafed. In May, 1752, Mr. Saunders failed as Commodore, in the Penzance, of 40 guns, to protect the Newfoundland fifhery, with inftructions alfo to look for a fuppofed island in lat. 49 deg. 40 min. longitude 24 deg. 30 min. from the Lizard, in fearch of which Commodore Rodney (fome weeks before) had cruifed ten days in vain, It is needlefs to add that Commodore Saunders had no better fuccefs. In April, 1754, he was appointed Treasurer of Greenwich hofpital, an office which on his farther promotion he refigned; and in the parliament that met at Weftminfter, May 31, he was returned for Heydon, in Yorkshire, by the intereft of his great and conftant friend Lord Anfon. In March, 1755, a war being apprehended, Mr. Saunders was appointed Captain of the Prince, a new 90 gun fhip; and in June he treated with the utmost magnificence, on board his fhip at Spithead, the nobility who came to fee the firings of the fleet on the anniverfary of the King's acceffion. This command he refigned in December following, on being appointed Comptroller of the Navy, and on this occafion, his feat in parliament being vacated, he was re-elected. About the fame time he was chofen an Elder Brother of the Trinity Houfe. In June, 1756, on advice being received of the mifconduct of Admiral Byng off Minorca, a large promotion of flag-ofers was made purpofely to include Mr. Saunders; and he was fent immediately to the Mediterranean as Rear-Admiral of the Blue, with Sir Edward Hawke, to take the command of the fleet and on Admiral Hawke's return to England, in Jan. 1757, the fole command devolved on him. In Feb. 1759, Mr. Saunders was appointed Vice-Admiral of the Blue, and failed from Spithead on board the Neptune, of 90 guns, Feb. 17, (with General Wolfe on board) as chief naval commander on the expedition to Quebec, the fuccefs of which is too well known to need any farther mention. Returning from that glorious conqueft in November, with General Townfhend, they were informed, in the chops of the channel, of the Breft fquadron being failed, on which the Admiral took the gallant refolution of going to join Sir Edward Hawke, though without orders. But that affair was decided before his arrival. Landing at Corke, he arrived at Dublin, Dec. 15, where, going to the play, he was faluted by the audience with the highest de. monflrations of applaufe. Dec. 26, he arrived in London. For this great fervice Mr. Saunders was appointed Lieutenant-General of the Marines; and on his taking his feat in the Houfe of Commons, Jan. 23, 1760, the thanks of that Houle, were given to him by the Speaker. May 21, he failed from St. Helen's, with the Neptune, &c. to take the command in the Mediterranean. On May 25, 1761, he was inftalled a Knight of the Bath in K. Henry the Seventh's chapel; and in the parliament, which met Nov. 3, was re-elected for Heydon. In Oct. 1762, Sir Charles Saunders was ad vanced to the rank of Vice Admiral *Sir George Savile and Mr. Burke. of the White; and on Sept. 16, 1760, having fome time had a feat at the Admiralty-Board, he was fworn of his Majefty's Mott Honourable Privy Council, and appointed Firft Lord of the Admiralty: but this poft he held only about two months. In the funeral proceffion of the Duke of York, Nov. 3, 1767, he was one of the Admirals who fupported the canopy. In the new parliament, which met May 10, 1763, he was again chofen for Heydon. In O&, 1770, he was appointed Admiral of the Blue. In the prefent parlia ment, which met Nov. 29. 1774. Sir Charles Saunders was a fourth time chofen for the borough of Heydon; and remarkable it is, and much to his honour, that five hours after his lamented death, which happened at his houfe in SpringGarden, on Dec. 7, 1775, (of the gout in his ftomach) a juft eulogium was paid him in that Houfe by two members diftinguifhed for their virtues and abilities. His corpfe was privately interred in Wellminfter Abbey on the 12th, near the monument of † Gen. Wolfe," his brother of the war." To Admiral Keppel (who had been Lieutenant with him in the Centurion) he has left (we hear) 50col. and zool. per annum; to Admiral Sir Hugh Pallifer 5cool.; to Timothy Brett, Efq; 5000l.; to his nephew zool. per ann.; to a young lady that lived with him 4col. per ann, and all his houshould furniture, except plate and pictures, which are given to his niece, together with the bulk of his fortune. + Not near his remains, as expreffed in the papers, Gen. Wolfe being buried at Greenwich, A fort |