argument between the President and Congress, and remits the settlement to another set of weapons altogether. The President may protest that this or that will destroy the Republic: his declaration that negro voting would bring on a war of races has been followed by the orderly election in Tennessee, in which 60,000 negroes voted with the whites; but beneath all is the main fact that when his vetoes were overborne in the manner prescribed by Congress, his opinions about the laws became of no more legal importance than those of his unofficial countrymen. Any hesitation in the execu tion of those laws whilst he occupies the Presidential Chair must force upon Congress a trial of physical strength with him; and to this all signs now seem to point. ry of MARY QUEEN OF Scors do you always CLAUDE DUVAL, do you think the latter ought 5. Should you have liked to call on KING RICHARD THE FIRST, your "Favourite King," after he had lunched on the Saracen's head? 6. Show the true mirthfulness of the Merry Monarch, in taking a pension from France, and letting our ships be burned in the river? 7. For what other reasons than that he was ugly and religious would you have hanged that monster OLIVER CROMWELL? 8. State the national humiliations and atrocious legislation endured by us under WILLIAM THE THIRD, which induce you to regard him as a hateful hook-nosed wretch? THEOLOGY. 1. Do you think that curates are sufficiently awake to their duties as croquet-players? 2 For what reason would you have the ser cratic. Give a second reason for this view, in 3. You regard the High Church as aristoaddition to the fact that Patristic means Patrician theology. 4. Distinguish between a movable feast and a pic-nic. The letter of General Grant is also of great importance in another respect. It simplifies the question of the presidential succession. He has been for some time an inevitable fact in all political plans, each party fearing that it might have to contend with his military renown and with the popular gratitude toward him, if it nominated any one else, yet each fearing that if elect-mon omitted? ed he would not represent its principles. Having now determined to sustain Congress there is no longer enough ambiguity about General Grant's views to prevent the Republicans uniting upon him. For the rest, it is not only admiration for military glory that inclines the people to select General Grant to the next Presidency; they are keeping a military government in the South side by side with civil authority; and they can hardly hope to complete the work of reconstruction without the co-operation of both kinds of power in emergencies that must arise. It is natural that they should trust one whose courage and patriotism have been fully tested, and whose name, already associated with the great victory over disunion, is now found at the head of those that sustain the people in their demand for a thorough and just reconstruction. 5. Why would you not be married on a Fríday? 6. State whether you are a Ritualist, and, if so, whether the persons who educated you have since been removed to an asylum. 7. Are you aware that when in Scotland you are a Dissenter ? 8. Do you not think that a bishop's wife ought to have a title ? 9. If you were a parochial clergyman's wife, should you think it wiser to insult your Dissenters, or to treat them with silent contempt? 10. Show that, though there is no objection to complaining loudly if a preacher gives you an extra ten minutes, it would be vulgar to express impatience at being detained at the Opera until 1.30. 6. Is not English poetry far inferior to Like sunshine and cloud o'er the surface of French? ocean, God-speed to KATE TERRY, who leaves all too May this rhyme, kindly meant as it is, not of early A stage such as she are sore needed to grace; It taxes philosophy not to feel surly For the loss of that innocent, sensitive face Where the ripples of feminine thought and emotion, Of gladness's rapture, and sadness's shade, fend her; DETRY: The Answer. By J. G. Whittier, 130. A Fashionable Reform, 130. Light and dow, 191. The Bird and the Baby, 192. Preparing for Publication at this office: LINDA TRESSEL; THE BRAMLEIGHS BISHOP'S FOLLY; GRACE'S FORTUNE; TENANTS OF MALORY; BROWNWS; OLD SIR DOUGLAS. PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY BY LITTELL & GAY, BOSTON. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. R. EIGHT DOLLARS, remitted directly to the Publishers, the Living Age will be punctually forwarded year, free of postage. But we do not prepay postage on less than a year; nor where we have to pay mission for forwarding the money. Price of the First Series, in Cloth, 36 volumes, 90 dollars. Second The Complete work Volume Bound, 3 dollars; Unbound, 2 dollars. The sets, or volumes, will be sent at the expense e publishers. From Macmillan's Magazine. ON THE CORRELATION OF FORCE IN ITS BEARING ON MIND. BY PROFESSOR BAIN. THE doctrine called the Correlation, Persistence, Equivalence, Transmutability, Indestructibility, of Force, is a generality of such compass, that no single form of words seems capable of fully expressing it; and different persons may prefer different statements of it. My understanding of the doctrine is, that there are five chief powers or forces in nature: one mechanical, or molar, the momentum of moving matter; the others molecular, or embodied in the molecules, also supposed in motion : these are heat, light, chemical force, electricity. To these powers, which are unquestionable and distinct, it is usual to add vital force, of which however it is difficult to speak as a whole; but one member of our vital energies, the Nerve Force, allied to electricity, fully deserves to rank in the correlation. Taking the one mechanical force, and those three of the molecular named heat, chemical force, electricity, there has now been established a definite rate of commutation, or exchange, when any one passes into any other. The mechanical equivalent of heat, the 772 foot pounds of Joule, expresses the rate of exchange between mechanical momentum and heat: the equivalent or exchange of heat and chemical force is given (through the researches of Andrews and others) in the figures expressing the heat of combinations; for example, one pound of carbon burnt evolves heat enough to raise 8080 pounds of water one deg. C. The combination of these two equivalents would show that the consumption of half a pound of carbon would raise a man of average weight to the highest summit of the Himalayas. of plants, and of animals (fed on plants) — namely the re-oxidation of carbon, hydrogen, &c. that yields all the manifestations of power in the animal frame. And, in particular, it maintains (1) a certain warmth or temperature of the whole mass, against the cooling power of surrounding space; it maintains (2) mechanical energy, as mus cular power; and it maintains (3) nervous power, or a certain flow of the influence circulating through the nerves, which circulation of influence, beside re-acting on the other animal processes-muscular, glandular, &c.—has for its distinguishing concomitant, the MIND. The extension of the correlation of force to mind, if at all competent, must be made through the Nerve force, a genuine member of the correlated group. Very serious difficulties beset the proposal; but they are not insuperable. The history of the doctrines relating to mind, as connected with body, is in the highest degree curious and instructive; but for the purpose of the present paper, we shall notice only certain leading stages of the speculation. Not the least important position is the Aristotelian; a position in some respects sounder than what followed and grew out of it. In Aristotle, we have a kind of gradation from the life of plants to the highest form of human intelligence. In the following diagram, the continuous lines may represent the material substance, and the dotted lines the immaterial: A. Soul of Plants. Without consciousness. B. Animal Soul. C. Human Soul-Nous - Intellect. I. Passive Intellect. Body and mind inseparable. It is an essential part of the doctrine, that force is never absolutely created, and II. Active Intellect never absolutely destroyed, but merely transmuted in form or manifestation. principles. Cognition of the highest Pure form; detached from matter; the prime mover of all; immortal. All the phases of life and mind are inseparably interwoven with the body (which inseparability is Aristotle's definition of the soul) except the last, the active Nous or intellect, which is detached from corporeal matter, self-subsisting, the essence of Deity, and an immortal substance, although the immortality is not personal to the individual. (The immateriality of this higher intellectual agent was not, however, that thorough-going |