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in its progress, that the most enthusiastic admirer of this interesting county will not be disappointed.

Mr. PRATT is in great forwardness with his Poem called the Lower World, occasioned by the Speech of Lord Erskine in the House of Peers on the reading of the Bill for preventing wanton and malicious Cruelty to Animals.

The same gentleman announces his intention also of giving the public the long-promised specimen of the Poctry of JOSEPH BLACKET, a self-educated genius of great power and richness; with a portrait, that offers a very striking resemblance of that extraordinary young

man.

HENRY HINDE PELLY, Esq. of Upton, Essex, a gentleman advanced in years, and who used to be laid up annually for three or four months with a violent fit of the gout, having read in some old book that a loadstone worn next the skin was asure preservative against that excruciating disease, and knowing that some of the finest and most powerful magnets are found in Golconda, employed an agent in India to procure him one from that province. This stone chipped into a convenient shape, he constantly wears sewed in a little flannel case, suspended from a black ribbon round his neck next his skin. It is about two inches long, an inch and a half broad, and two-tenths of an inch thick, and its magnetic virtue is very great. It much resembles a piece of slate, such as school-boys learn to cypher on. Mr. Pelly says that he now and then has some slight twitches, which only serve to remind him of the terrible paroxysms to which he once was subject. He happened one day to omit hanging this aniulet about his neck; another and another day passed, and as several years bad elapsed without a fit, he began to think that the magnet had altered his system, and rendered him intangible by gout. One night however he awoke in torment; he called for his safeguard and threw it about his neck; he escaped with a slight attack, and has never since been without his piece of loadstone, which he wears night and day, and enjoys perfect freedom from all the pains milicted by his old enemy.

of Jussieu, to be called asclepiadeæ; the first part of an essay on meteoric stones, by Mr. G. J. Hamilton; and the concluding part of an account of fishes found in the Frith of Forth, by Mr. Neill. At the next necting of the society on the 9th of December, Professor Jameson read an account of a considerable number of animals of the class vermes, which he had observed on the shores of the Frith of Forth, and the coasts of the Orkney and Shetland Islands; and also a series of observations on the different precious stones found in Scotland, particularly the topaz, of which he exhibited, a series of interesting specimens front Aberdeenshire; and among these was a crystal weighing nearly eight ounces, which is probably the largest crystallized specimen hitherto discovered in any coun.ry. The secretary laid before the meeting, a communication from the Rev. Mr. Fleming, of Bressay, describing several rare vermes lately discovered by him in Shetland, and a catalogue of rare plants, to be found within a day's excursion from Edinburgh, by Mr. Robert Maughan, sen.

RUSSIA.

The skeleton of the Mammoth found in the ice, at the mouth of the river Lena, in Siberia, which has been for some time publicly exhibited at Moscow, is said to be intended for the Museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, at Petersburg. Professor Tilesius has made forty drawings of the skeleton, and its various parts, which he means to publish in folio, with observations. On some points he differs from Cuvier.

The greatest cold of last winter ob served at Moscow, was in the night of the 11th of January. Mercury exposed to the open air, in a cup, by Dr. Rehmann,' was frozen so hard, that it might be cut with sheers, and even tiled. Count Boutourlin found the mercury in three ther mometers withdrawn entirely into the ball and frozen; but in another it was seen by himself and four other persons, from six o'clock till half after, at 35° R. (463 F.) Mr. Rogers, of Troitsk, is said to have seen it at S4° (411 F.) before it' froze and withdrew into the ball.

GERMANY.

The first meeting of the Wernerian The last October book fair at Leipsio,' Natural History Society, this season, was although it boasted of as numerous a colheld on the 4th of November in the Collection of literary novelties as usual, was lege Museum at Edinburgh. On this by no means so well attended by pur occasion were read, a learned botanical chasers as on former occasions. paper, by Mr. R. Brown, of London, proposing a subdivision of the apocine

The names of 178 booksellers appear in the official catalogue, published dur

ing the fair, as contributing new publications on this occasion: of these the total number was 777. Seven hundred and fifteen were German productions, and sixty-two were written in the other European languages. Of the German works 115 were new editions, seventynine were almanacks, and other periodical works. The rest chiefly consisted of compilations and elementary works, for the use of schools. Indeed, books of this last description, were more numerous than at any former fair.

Of the works which were chiefly called for, we have to notice the History of the French Revolution, by M. Backzo, of Königsberg; a History of Poctry and Eloquence, by M. Bouterwerk; a Journey from Holstein into Franconia and Bavaria, by M. Eggers; M. Eichhorn of Gottingen's History of Literature; Fer now's Life of Ariesto; Lectures on Natural Philosophy by M. Lichtenberg; Travels by M. Nemnich, of Hamburg; Private Letters from Vienna, by M. Reichard, the author of Private Letters from Paris; Sermons by M. Reinhard, of Dresden; M. Schreiber on the Belles Lettres; Travels in Upper Austria, by M. Schultz; Vater on the Population of America; Weinbrenner on Theatrical Architecture: to which may be added several excellent works on philology, bearing the well-known names of Schutz, Hager, Zimmermann, Schæfer, Lenuess, Пleindorf, &c.

Fifty-seven novels or romances have been produced during the year, The most popular of these, Die Wahl-verwandschaften, is from the fertile and pathe tic pen of M. Goethe. The names of Lafontaine, Wagner, and Voss, also appear in the Leipsic catalogue as the authors of several works of this description; and M. Kotzebue has favoured his admirers with a new volume of Tales. Under the head of Novels and Romances, we find a volume with the title of Schilliana;-the adventures of the unfortunate Schill and his followers, form the subject of thescana. Twenty-two new dramatic pieces have been introduced to the notice of the German public during the preceding year, but they are not from the pens of any writers of eminence.

FRANCE.

possible, the cause of these contradictory ellects. He boiled for above an hour, in a copper vessel, a quantity of strong vinegar, which completely filled the vessel. The most active re-agents, such as sulphurated hydrogen, did not discover the smallest effect produced on the liquor by the copper. He found, however, that the copper becomes oxided, or rusted, only when the vessel is not full; in which case, a portion of its surface is exposed to the action of the atmosphere, This theory he vernied by many expethe oxygen of which combines with it. riments. The heat produced during the time of boiling, by greatly dilating the air which comes into contact with the copper, prevents this combination. The accidents then which sometimes follow the use of copper vessels, are occasioned by suffering liquids to cool in them, during which time the air has access to the surface of the copper. This theory certainly explains by what means it may happen, that one person shall use with safety, and consider as not unwholesome, the same vessel which another person finds extremely deleterious. ilence also our housewives will perceive the reason, why cleanliness is their security, when their culinary vessels become partly untinned by continued use

The use of copper-vessels in cookery js justly dreaded, and various articles are, nevertheless, dressed in such vessels, without acquiring any injurious qualities. M. Proust determined to discover, if

1

A chemist at Paris has lately made several curious experiments on tobacco, which, if found to be correct, will occa sion a great innovation in the trade and manufacture of that vegetable. His results were, that the acrid principle of tobacco differs from that of all other vegetables whose properties are known; that it can by an easy process be sepa rated from the plant, either green or dried, and in a liquid state; and that the juice thus extracted, may be combined with the dried leaves of any tree, and thus form tobacco. The remains of the plant, after the acrid principle, is thus separated, have neither smell nor taste.

M. Vauquelin has analysed a meteoric
stone, which fell on the 22d of May,
1808, at Stammern, in Moravia, and
found in one hundred parts of it the fol-
lowing substances;
Silex
Lime
Alumine
Oxide of iron

Oside of Manganese
Oxide of Nickel, a slight trace,
scarcely to be estimated at 001
Sulphur, au atom

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This aerolite must therefore be of a different species from those that have hitherto been analysed, since it contains neither magnesia nor chrome, substances constantly found in other stones of this description; and in containing a considerable quantity of alumine, traces only of which have been discovered in. others.

indicated by the watches, gave double the time of the propagation by the solid substance, independent of the difference there might be between them. Thus the time of the transmission by the solid, was found by repeated observations to be 0.26", and of that by the air 2.76". The first result differs from that given by the intervals of the sounds only 0.09"; and the second differs from the time deduced from the observations of the aca demy just as much; an agreement that appears to confirm the results. M. Biot likewise observed that, at this distance, the lowest voice might be heard perfectly well from one end to the other, and with sufficient distinctness to keep up a conversation.

The primitive form of the diamend, is known to be a regular octaëdron. Most frequently it presents itself in spheroidal crystals, or with curvilinear facets. It has been found cubical, plano-convex, cylindroid; but it was not suspected to be susceptible of that variety of form, which Romé de l'Isle termed macle, and Hauy has named hemitrope, that is, where half of the crystal is turned back, so as M. LESCHEVIN, chief commissary of to form re-entering angles, as is seen in gun-powder and saltpetre, has sent from some varieties of the ruby, feldspar, &c. Dijon, to the Council of Mines, a collecAmong the rough diamonds, however, tion of specimens of rocks, interesting ou given by M. d'Arcet, to Messrs. Guyton account of the green particles which they Morveau, Hachette, and Clement, for a contain. Several pieces of this stone, series of experiments on their combus and a siliceous breccia, improperly tion; there was one which those chemists called chalcedony of Creuzot, containing thought proper to set aside as presenting the same substance, had been found in the first example of such a structure. It abundance on the road, and Messrs.' weighs nearly eleven grains. The spe- Guyton and Le Lievre, had ascertained cific gravity is 3,512. It is formed of that the green colour was not owing to two demi-spheroids, the deffected posi- copper: but it was not known whence tion of which, imperfectly terminated at they came. After much search, M. one of the extremities, exhibits at the Leschevin discovered these green rocks, other the very decided re-entering angles in three contiguous mountains, and found that characterise the hemitrope. that they were colored by oxide of chrome, combined in greater or less quantity with silex, alumine, &c. On one of those mountains he met with the graphic granite, which several authors have mentioned as accompanying the emerald; and he intends to search for that stone also, which M. Vauquelin has discovered to be sometimes coloured with chrome. Since M. Drappier has shown, that chrome united with lead, makes the most beautiful of yellows, this discovery may prove of considerable advantage.

The aqueducts constructing at Paris, have enabled M. Bror to make experiments on the propagation of sound, through solid bodies, on a larger scale than had hitherto been done. The total length of the pipes was, 3118 feet. A blow with the hammer at one end, was heard at the other producing two distinct sounds; the interval of which measured in more than 200 trials was 2,5". The temperature was 11° (51,8 F.) Accord ing to the experiments of the Academy, the time of the propagation of sound to this distance, through the air, should be 2,79", at this temperature; from which, if we deduct 2,5", the interval observed, we have 0,29" for the time the sound was in being propagated through the solid substance. This result was confirmed in another way. Two persons were stationed at the opposite extremities of the pipe, each provided with a half second watch, carefully compared, and each struck alternately with a hammer at intervals, of 0,15,30, and 45 seconds. The time of the arrival of the two sounds was noted, and the sum of the numbers

EAST INDIES.

A shark of extraordinary dimensions some months since made its appearance in the upper parts of the river Hoogley, where the Hindoos are accustomed to perform their ablutions. Many attempts were made to destroy it but in vain. Three bramins with several of their followers were among its victims, and the greatest consternation prevailed among the bathers, who rather than forego a practice consecrated by their religion, were content to enjoy it at the risk of their lives.

AMERICA,

!

AMERICA.

A cluster of islands has been recently discovered in the South-seas, by Captain BRISTOW. They are situated in 50. 40. south latitude, and 166. 55, east longitude: are seven in number; and the largest contains a fine harbour, in which' abundance of fish, fowl, wood, and water, can easily be procured. Captain Bristow named them" Lord Auckland's Group."

Captain DRACKLOW, of Kingston, Jamarca, on a voyage from thence to Baltimore, states, that a the 9th of September, ar twere o’e sck at night, a remarkatue occurrence took agcc-He felt a sudden and severs shock, which astonished att bands, 21.5 td ́s inch they were at a los, to accut it. Some time having elapsed in vasons surmises, the mate discovered that a large sword-fish had struck the simp, which was unable to extricate itself, being ia tered in the timbers the vessel sprang a moderate leak immediately. The length of the fish 25 feet, and seven feet round by computation; it remained fastened to the vessel six or seven hours, when it broke off apparently dead-breeze seven knots at.

18.30.

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An American paper contains the following extraordinary instance of depletion, practised on Čaptain JAMES NIBLEIT, a man thirty years of age, of a full and plethoric habit of body when in health, and accustomed to daily exercise on foot, of a bilious aspect. His complaint was an inflammatory affection of the lungs. From the 28th of May to the 28th of July, Captain Niblett lost, by admeasurement, 600 ounces of blood, and by weight 688 ounces 6 drachmis; being, it is presumed, the largest quantity ever drawn from the veins of any human being in the same length of time, by medical advice, and for the person to bear it and do so well. He was bled fifty different times, and the blood every time was covered with a thick, strong, white coat, and lost from four to twenty ounces each time. He was cupped, and had leeches applied daily, for several weeks, exclusive of the breedings at the arm, and the discharge from the seton.

The meteoric stones that fell at Wes ton, in Connecticut, on the 14th of Oc toher 1807, have been analyzed by Professor WOODHOUSE, who obtained from 100 parts, silex 50, iron 27, sulphur 7,

MONTHLY MAG. No. 195.

magnesia 10, nickel 1, leaving a loss of 5. Some specimens carried to France were examined by M. Gillet Laumont, who gives the following account of them:

They contained rounded globules, ferruginous and brittle, of a blackish grey, and assuming a dull metallic aspect on being rubbed with a smooth file. They were not very abundant, and appeared to be slightly attracted by the magnet. Small portions of malleable iron were diffused very plentifully through the stones. They were of irregular shapes, and very unequal in size, and easily cut with a steel instrument like those con tained in most aërohites. I separated a small flat triangular piece, about a quart ter of an inch long, which I heated to different degrees, and afterwards plunged into cold water, but could not make it harder. One of the specimens contained imbedded in it a portion of a small body of the size of a pea, of a whitish grey co lour, composed of smooth shining lak mellar facets, forming angles ton small to be measured. It resembled a piece of broken feldspar. On endeavouring to detach a piece for the purpose of assaying it, the small mass immediatel separated, leaving a cavity which showed that it was rounded before it was mould ed in the stone. A particle of a very similar substance still exists in the stone, and there are some yellowish particles in the cavity from which this lamellar sub stance was taken. This substance scratched German sheet glass. It did not effervesce with nitric acid. fleated before the blow-pipe, it was immediately covered with a black enamel, which transuded in small globules; but the mass did not melt. The aerolite of Weston therefore contained a substance which was neither carbonate of lime nor feldspar; and I believe it is the first time that a lamellar substance, having the true elements of crystallization, has been mentioned as discovered in a stone fallen from the atmosphere."

A large body of warriors, hunters, &c. all well armed and equipped, took their departure a few months ago from Louisville, in the United States, on a three years' expedition, to join the Missouri Company, who design to establish themselves, not only on the river Columbia, but to enlarge the sphere of their com merce to the East-Indies.

NEW

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REVIEW OF NEW MUSICAL PUBLICATIONS,

A Selection of Welch Melodies, with appre will be found highly useful by those priate English Words. Adapted for the who are engaged in studying the abVoice, with Symphonies and Accompanistrusities of musical theory. ments for the Piano-forte, or Hasp, by John Parry. 15s.

Mduity, has here collected, and by

PARRY, by a laudable-assi

the exertion of his talents arranged for the voice and piano-forte, a considerable number of scarce and valuable Welch melodies. Considering the labour and difficulty of the task, the having to assemble so many scarce and widely-scattered materials; to procure the national words; to translate and adapt those words to melodies, many of which are destitute of measure and rhyme; and to arrange and accompany the whole, without disfiguring the original music; weighing these obstructions to success, we cannot but give Mr. Parry much credit for the style in which he has acquitted himself.

The work comes forward with every adventitious aid. The airs, besides being arranged, as described above, are separately adapted for the flageolet and flute. The inquisitive reader is furnished with observations, at once useful and entertaining, on the present state of music and poetry in Wales: a specimen is given of the old notation of ancient British music; and the volume is ornamented with a handsome frontispiece, representing king Cadwalader presiding at a congress of rival bards in the seventh century, and rewarding with a medal the successful candidate for the prize.

Number I. of a Series of analized Fugues, with double Counterpoints, composed for two Performers on une Piano-forte, or Organ, by A. F. C. Kollmann, Organist of His Majesty's German Chapel, St. James's.

59.

The contents of the pages before us allow us to augur well of Mr. Kollmann's proposed work. The fugues are constructed in a masterly manner, and the analizations are perspicuous and satisfactory. The whole is to consist of three Numbers, each containing four fugues. The principal object of the publication is, to elucidate, practieally, the principles of the fugue, and of double counterpoint, as taught in this author's theoretical works. This they are well calculated to effect; and

"Viva Enrica," Chorus in the Opera of La Cuccia di Enrico IV. Composed by Signor Pucilla. 3s. 6d.

We find a liveliness of conception, and a spirit of expression in this chorus, which bespeak considerable powers in operetical composition. If we do not discover any prominent features of science or learned contrivance, neither do we feel disappointed at their absence it is long since opera chorusses exhibit. ed any traits of that description. The part for the piano-forte, with which "Viva Enrico" is accompanied, is busy and ingenious, and will serve as a pow erful recommendation with practitioners on that instrument. Canzonet for Two Sopranos,

« Mark'd you

her more than mortal Grace," composed by Dr. John Clarke, f Cambridge. 15.

and taste, and the expression is just and
This Canzonet is written with ease
impressive. The first movement is
happily introductory to the second;

and
Clarke's masterly conception and cul-
many pleasing and well-assimilated
passages offer new proofs of Dr.
tivated judgment.

Serenade for the Piano-førte, in which is in-
troduced the favourite Scotch Air, "The
Banks Doon? Composed and dedient-.
ed to His Excellency the Persian Ambas-
sudor, by L. Jansen. 2s. 6d.

The several

The chief merit of this Serenade,^(and which will not fail to greatly recom mend it) is its variety. movements are, besides being pleasing, so well diversified, as to produce a very engaging effect: and piano-forte performers will, we are confident, prac-' tise it with pleasure.

A Duett for the Organ or Grand Pianoforte. Composed and inscribed to W. Hamfer, Esq. by W. Howgill, of White-. haven. 3.

This Duett offers proofs of ingenuity, ' and a tolerably intimate acquaintance with the character and power of the instrument for which it is written. It consists of two movements; the first in triple, the second in common time. They are pleasingly imagined and well

contrasted,

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