of the most eminent jurists of Europe have been in the last few years engaged. We have one journal of marked ability devoted exclusively to the topic, the Journal du droit international privé, published in Paris. We have another, the Revue de droit international, — published in Ghent, whose object is to discuss international law as a whole. The Institute of International Law has for eight years been occupied with questions of private international law; and among the colleagues with whom I have the honor to be associated in this Institute are some of the ablest public men in Europe. To the archives of the Institute have been contributed many valuable papers; and in addition to these we have had numerous independent treatises bearing on the topic as a whole. To the United States the points discussed by these writers are of peculiar interest. If questions of international litigation are important in Europe, much more are they so with us, who, from the union under our federal system of forty sovereignties, have five times as much international boundary as all Europe together. Europe, again, is made up of nationalized territories; we are made up of territorialized nationalities. Into some of our new states these nationalities have poured in vast streams, forming a preponderance of the settlers; in all of our new states the settlers come from states, either domestic or foreign, with jurisprudences more or less distinct from that of the state which they unite in occupying. It is impossible for us to conduct any wide-spread business without taking into account one or more foreign jurisprudences; and in some of our states there are few marriages in which the international status of one of the parties is not of moment, few successions in which a foreign law of distribution does not have to be considered. Other nations may pretend to regard with apathy the progress of international jurisprudence. We cannot. This progress must carry us along, willing or unwilling. In the long run logic must get the better of techni cal law; and the courts, no matter how reluctantly, will have to give up precedent to conclusions made requisite by a sound reason acting on the conditions of the pertinent period. From a mere local stand-point, this cannot be learned. It can be best learned by studying the works of eminent contemporaneous authorities who, from various stand-points, are endeavoring to form a system which will be suited to the immediate conditions on which we are pondering ourselves. And in no country is there so great reason to study such works as there is in the United States. Fortunately, when we engage in this task, the material before us is abundant. From this country we have a new and enlarged edition of President Woolsey's Introduction to International Law; an annotated international code by Mr. D. D. Field, which has gone through two editions; 2 a treatise on maritime international law by Admiral Dahlgren; 3 a treatise on extradition by Dr. Spear; a treatise on American inter-state law by Mr. Rorer; and four volumes by Mr. Lawrence, in French, of Commentaries on Wheaton, the third and fourth of which volumes. are occupied with private international law. From England we have, by Professor Holland, a treatise on the elements of jurisprudence, in which private international law is conspicuously discussed; a series of lectures on international 1 Introduction to the Study of International Law. By Theodore D. Woolsey. N. Y. 1879. 2 Draft Outlines of an International Code. By David Dudley Field. N. Y. 2d ed. N. Y. 1876. 1872. * Maritime International Law. By John A. Dahlgren, late Rear-Admiral U. S. Navy. Boston, 1877. 4 A Treatise on Extradition. By Samuel S. Spear, D. D. Albany, Weed, Parsons & Co. 1878. 5 American Inter-state Law. David Rorer. Chicago, Callaghan & 6 Commentaire sur les éléments du droit international de Henry Wheaton. Par William Beach Lawrence, Ancien ministre des États-Unis à Londres; Membre de l'institut de droit international. Vols. i.-iv. Leipzig, 1880. 7 De l'application de la loi. Par M. T. E. Holland, Professeur de droit int. a l'université d'Oxford. Revue By de droit int. vol. xii. (1880), p. 565. This is substantially a translation of law by Mr. Amos; a second, and, in part, a third edition of Phillimore's international law, private as well as public; 2 a treatise by Mr. Piggott on foreign judgments; 3 an annotated edition, by Dr. Abdy, of Kent's chapters on international law; 4 a treatise by Mr. Foote on private international law; a scheme bearing on the whole question by Professor Lorimer; 6 a new edition of Mr. Clarke's treatise on extradition;7 an annotated edition by Sir Sherston Baker of Halleck's international law; 8 a treatise on the law of domicil by Mr. Dicey; a work on private international law by Mr. Westlake, which is rather a new treatise than a new edition,10 and an independent paper on domicil by the same author; and works by Sir E. S. Creasy,11 and Mr. Hall,12 on international law as a whole. From Scotland we have a new edition by Mr. Guthrie of his annotated translation of Savigny; 13 and a new edition by Mr. the last chapter of Mr. Holland's work on The Elements of Jurisprudence. Oxford and London, Macmillan, 1880. 1 Lectures on International Law. By Sheldon Amos. London, Stevens & Sons, 1874. 2 Commentaries upon International Law. By Sir Robert Phillimore, D. C. L. 2d ed. 1871-1874; 3d ed. (vol. i.) 1880. 3 Foreign Judgments: Their Effect in the English Courts. By Francis Taylor Piggott. London, 1879. 4 Kent's Commentary on International Law. Edited by J. T. Abdy, LL. D. 2d ed. London, 1878. 5 A Concise Treatise on Private International Jurisprudence, based on the Decisions in the English Courts. By John Alderson Foote. London, Stevens & Haynes, 1878. 6 Prolégomènes d'un systeme raisonné du droit international. Par J. Lorimer. Revue de droit int. x. (1878) 339. 7 A Treatise on The Law of Extradition. By Edward Clarke. 2d ed. London, Stevens & Haynes, 1874. 8 Halleck's International Law, a new edition, with Notes and Cases. By Sir Sherston Baker. 2 vols. Kegan, Paul & Co. London, 1878. 9 A Treatise on the Law of Domicil in England. By A. O. Dicey. London, 1879. 10 A Treatise on Private International Law, with principal reference to its practice in England, being in lieu of a second edition of the work published in 1858. By John Westlake, Q. C.; Hon. LL. D. Edinburgh; Member of the Institute of International Law. London, 1880. 11 First Platform of International Law. By Sir Edward S. Creasy. London, 1876. 12 International Law. By W. E. Hall, Barrister-at-law. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1880. 13 A Treatise on the Conflict of Laws. By F. C. von Savigny. Trans Fraser of his work on husband and wife, in which the conflict of laws in this relation is elaborately considered.1 Belgium, besides being the seat of the publication of the Revue de droit international, has given us, in addition to several less bulky treatises, four volumes of a comprehensive work on private international law by M. Laurent, professor at the University of Ghent,2 In the domain of private international law, France, since the Franco-German War, has been marked by peculiar fertility, and Germany by comparative barrenness. To M. Demangeat, a master as well as a leader in this line, we owe the institution, in part, of the Journal du droit international privé, as well as several valuable articles appearing in that periodical. M. Renault has published on succession by strangers in France, and on political crimes in connection with extradition; 5 M. Mallet on maritime hypothecation; M. Lyon-Caen on private international maritime law; M. Vazelhes on extradition; 8 M. Rivier on the elements of private international law; M. Massé on commercial law in the same relation; 10 M. Asser on the systematization of lated with notes by William Guthrie. 2d edition. Edinburgh, 1880. 1 A Treatise on the Law of Husband and Wife. By Patrick Fraser, LL. D. 2d ed. Edinburgh, 1876. 2 Droit civil international. Par F. Laurent, Professeur a l'université de Gand. I.-IV. Bruxelles, Paris, 1880. See, particularly, articles entitled: Force Obligatoire du droit int. Par Ch. Demangeat. Jour. du droit int. privé, i. (1874) 7; De la compétence des tribunaux français dans les contestations entre étrangers. Par Ch. Demangeat. Jour. du droit int. privé, iv. (1877) 109. 4 De la succession des étrangers en France. Par L. Renault. Jour. du droit int. privé, ii. (1875) 330; iii. (1876) 17. Des crimes politiques en matière 9 d'extradition. Par Louis Renault, Professeur de droit international a l'école des sciences politiques. Paris, 1880. L'hypothèque maritime au point de vue théorique et practique. Par E. Mallet. Paris, 1877. Etudes de droit int. privé maritime. Par Lyon-Caen. Jour. du droit int. privé, iv. (1877) 479. 8 Etude sur l'extradition. Par Et. de Vazelhes. 2 vols. Paris, 1877. Introduction a l'étude du droit int. Par A. Rivier. Paris, 1879. 10 Le droit commercial dans ses rapports avec le droit des gens et le droit civil. Par M. G. Massé, Conseiller a la Cour de Cassation. Troisième édition, revue et augmentée. Paris, Guillamin, 1874. vii 4 private international law; M. Arntz, on the immutability of the conjugal régime;2 M. Thomas on international bankruptcy; 3 M. de Folleville on naturalization; M. Glasson on marriage and divorce. From M. Goirand we have an English treatise on the French Code of Commerce; from M. Clunet an essay on the international trade-mark relations of the United States; 7 and from M. Calvo a third edition of his standard work on international law, touching many questions discussed in the following pages. In the French language, though issued from Ghent, are the annual publications of the Institute of International Law.9 8 From Germany we have a new edition of Dr. Bluntschli's Völkerrecht, 10 as well as a contribution by the same author to the controversy in the de Bauffremont case; 11 a treatise on international law by Professor Bulmerincq; 12 a treatise on international criminal law by Dr. Rohland; 13 an article on extradition by Professor von Bar, as well as a paper on criminal jurisdiction by the same author; 14 outlines of international law by Dr. Neu1 Droit international privé et droit uniforme. Par M. T. M. C. Asser. Revue de droit int. vol. xii. (1880) No. 1, p. 5. ternationales avec les États-Unis en matière de marques de commerce. Par M. Edouard Clunet. Paris, 1880. 8 Droit int. théorique et practique. Par Ch. Calvo. 3d ed. Paris, 1880. 9 Annuaire de l'institut de droit international. Gand, 1877-1880. 10 Das moderne Völkerrecht der civilisirten Staten als Rechtsbuch dargestellt. Von Dr. J. C. Bluntschli. Nördlingen, 1872. 3 Auf. 1878. 11 Infra, § 210. 12 Praxis, Theorie, und Codification des Völkerrechts. Von A. Bulmerincq. Leipzig, 1874. |