TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

1. Address to the Congress by the President of the United States, April 2,

1917, recommending a declaration of war against the Imperial

German Government .

2. Joint Resolution of Congress declaring a state of war to exist between

the United States and the Imperial German Government, April 6,

1917

3. German Conceptions of the State, International Policy, and Inter-

national Law

PAGE

xiii

xxi

xxii

(j) Gustav Rümelin

lxx

CHAPTER V

PAGE

Unlawful Seizure of Persons upon the High Seas

66

Section 1. Searching of American Vessels for German and Austrian

Section 1. Sale of Dumdum Bullets

Hovering of British Warships off American Ports

Disregard of American Citizenship Papers and Passports

Change of Policy in regard to Loans to Belligerents

Indifference to Confinement of Noncombatants in Detention

Camps in England and France.

110

116

118

119

Section 6. Failure to Prevent Transshipment of British Troops and

War Material Across the Territory of the United

States

Section 7.

Internment of German Steamship Geier and the collier

Locksun at Honolulu

Section 8. Coaling of Warships in Panama Canal Zone

120

121

128

Section 9. Failure to Protest against Modification of the Declara-

Section 10. General Unfriendly Attitude of United States toward Ger-

many and Austria

tion of London by the British Government

130

132

Status of Merchant Vessels

CHAPTER XIII

Section 2. Visit and Search

Section 3. Destruction of Prizes

Section 1. The Right of Merchant Vessels to Arm

Section 4. Treatment of Armed Merchant Vessels in the Present War.

CHAPTER XIV

The Accepted Rules of Maritime Warfare

Section 1. Views of German Publicists

Section 2. The German Prize Ordinance

Section 3. The Prussian-American Treaties

CHAPTER XV

Renewal of Submarine Warfare

PAGE

216

216

230

234

247

265

265

280

285

290

CHAPTER XVI

Severance of Diplomatic Relations and Proclamation of Armed Neutrality. 295

Section 1. The Origin and Extent of the Modern Practice of Arbitra-

tion

1. Reply of the President of the United States to the Peace Appeal of

the Pope, August 27, 1917.

361

2. Address of the President of the United States Delivered at a Joint Ses-

sion of the Two Houses of Congress, December 4, 1917

364

372

3. War with the Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian Government

4. Joint Resolution Declaring that a State of War Exists between the

Imperial and Royal Austro-Hungarian Government and the Gov-

ernment and the People of the United States, and Making Pro-

vision to Prosecute the Same

INDEX

379

381

NOTE. In Chapter I the references to the official correspondence of the

European Powers regarding the outbreak of the war of 1914 are made to
Diplomatic Documents Relating to the Outbreak of the European War, a work
in two volumes edited by the author of the present volume and issued by the
Oxford University Press in 1916. The references in parentheses are to the
pages of that publication, but the titles of the memoranda and the numbers
of the documents are given in each case, so that the reader can locate them
in other collections.

The references to The Hague Conventions and Declarations are made
throughout to a work entitled The Hague Conventions and Declarations of
1899 and 1907, edited by the author of this volume and issued by the Oxford
University Press in 1915, as this publication gives the reservations, signatures
and ratifications of the Powers, certified to by the Department of State of
the United States and the Netherland Government.