improperly classed together the Citrus trifoliata (vol. ii. p. 514) and the Limonia trifoliata, which is a very distinct species. The C. trifoliata Lour. is the Limonia trifoliata Willd.

The grand Chinese variety of the Cannabis sativa is not the same as the Cannabis indica of Lamarck (vol. iii. p. 21). It is however now well ascertained that this last plant is also only a variety of the ordinary Hemp. It is more ligneous and more narcotic; it yields very little thread, and whereever it is cultivated, it is merely for the purpose of smoking or chewing the leaves.

The Uvilla of Santa Fe, or the Cestrum, of which the fruit yields a beautiful black colour (vol. iii. p. 46) is not the Cestrum tinctorum of Jacquin, but a new species, called by M. Bonpland the Cestrum Mutisii. In the description of the plants discovered during the course of our expedition (Nova genera et species plantarum) we shall substitute another name to that of Arbutus Madroño (Ibid. p. 59) because the name of Madroño designates in Portugal and Spain the Arbutus Unedo. The wild Rice of Canada (vol. ii. p. 486) is probably a Zizania.

66

"The Cochineal of Rio Janeiro (vol. iii. p. 64) is the Grana Silvestre. It was first "cultivated there in 1770 by M. Henriquez "de Payra, of the Academy of Science of

"Lisbon. He has written a detached history "of it with many plates, the manuscript of "which is in the archives of the Academy "of Lisbon."

Note of M. Correa de Serra.

On the Yellow Fever of Vera Cruz.

The experiments made by M. Isaac Cathrall lead to a different result from that announced by M. Stubbins Ffirth (vol. iv. p. 197.) M. Cathrall considers the matter of the vomito as the effect of a secretion of the gall; but he observes that the patients affected with the yellow fever sometimes vomit black and flaky matter resembling coffee grounds, which transude from the mucous membrane of the stomach. Analysis of the Black Vomit in the American Transactions, vol. v. 1802, p. 117138.

On the Quantity of Cotton annually imported into Europe.

I have endeavoured to collect in this work proper materials for the resolution of the important problem; what is the quantity of colonial produce which Europe absolutely requires in the present state of her civilization and manufacturing industry? I have already

shewn (vol. iii. p. 19) that the European manufactories annually consume three times the quantity of cotton which is generally supposed in works of political economy. The following table, published by M. Medford, proves that Great Britain alone used in her manufactories, in 1805, more than 61,580,000pounds of cotton, and that she drew,

On the Quantity of Gold and Silver absorbed by the Commerce with India.

According to the researches which I have made respecting the commerce of India and China, it appears to me that we may estimate the mass of precious metals which annually flow into Asia and the Eastern Coast of Africa, by the way of the Cape of Good Hope*, at seventeen millions and a half of piastres. A travellert who long resided in India, China,

* See vol. iii. p.

451.

+ M. Felix de Sainte-Croix.

and the Philippine Islands, and whose active curiosity was directed to every thing interesting to the manufacturing industry and commerce of the Europeans, was so good as to examine my result. After an examination of his notes, he found that the sums poured into India by different commercial nations, and converted into roupees, amount to eight or nine millions of piastres, of which at an average we may reckon

5,200,000 resulting from the English commerce,

Anglo-American,
Spanish,
Danish.

M. de Sainte Croix believes that in the present state of the commerce of China, Europe loses

of piastres converted into roupees in India, and the silver absorbed in the commerce of the Europeans and Anglo-Americans with Japan, the great Archipelago of Asia, Persia, Bassora, Mascat, Moka, Mozambique and Madagascar, we find a loss of specie, which undoubtedly amounts to sixteen or seventeen millions of piastres.

The average price* of the green tea (Hayson, Singlo and Congo) was in 1807 at Canton 2 fr. 15 c. the Spanish pound, 128 of which make a pikle; and the mean price of black tea (Souchong, Campoy and Bohea) was at the same period 1 franc 68 centimes.

Speaking of the importation of Asiatic sugar into Europe and Americat, I forgot to mention what the Anglo-Americans drew from the Dutch colonies of India. The quantity

Mr. Buchanan, in the account of his interesting Travels in India‡, has thrown much light on the cultivation of the sugar cane in Asia. Four varieties are distinguished there,

* See vol. iii. p. 444, note.

+ See vol. iii. p. 15.

Journey from Madras through Mysore, vol. i. p. 95.