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NEW YORK AGENCY.

No. 161. Agent Rich's annual report.

MISCELLANEOUS PAPERS.

No. 162. Correspondence relative to taxation of Indian lands.

No. 163. Decision of United States Supreme Court in Michigan-liquor cases.

No. 164. Office report relative to licenses.

No. 165. Report relative to Kindergarten schools.

No. 166. Enactment of July, 1866, relative to licenses-statistics.

No. 167. Indian trust land sales.

No. 168. Indian trust funds, 1, 2, 3.

No. 169. Liabilities of the United States to Indian tribes.

No. 170. Population, schools, individual property, &c.

No. 171. Farming statistics, products of industry, &c.

No. 172. Recapitulation of statistics of 1866 compared with 1865 and 1864. No. 173. Census for Indian tribes corrected for 1866.

INDEX TO APPENDIX.

WASHINGTON SUPERINTENDENCY.

No. 1 Report of Rev. E. C. Chirouse, teacher of Tulalip school.

NEW MEXICO.

No. 2. Report of Agent Romero, Pueblos.

MONTANA.

No 3. Report of Agent Chapman, Flathead agency.

NORTHERN SUPERINTENDENCY.

No. 4. Annual report of D. H. Wheeler, late agent Pawnees.
No. 5. Annual report of J. B. Maxfield, teacher of Pawnee school.

SOUTHERN SUPERINTENDENCY.

No. 6. Annual report of J. W. Dunn, Creek agent.

No. 7. Statistics of Creek agency.

No. 8. Annual report of Geo. A. Reynolds, Seminole agency.

No. 9. Statistics of Seminole agency.

No. 10. Annual report of H. Shanklin, Wichita agency.

WASHINGTON SUPERINTENDENCY.

No. 1.

Office of SUPERINTENDENT OF INDIAN AFFAIRS,

Olympia, W. T., January 25, 1866.

SIR: In the absence of the superintendent I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of November 29, relating to a letter from Father Chirouse, of the Tulalip school, to Hon. A. A. Denny. The copy referred to did not come to hand. The envelope appeared to have been opened before delivered, and your letter without the enclosed copy spoken of was received. I have written Father Chirouse to furnish this office a copy of the correspondence spoken of, in order that your instructions may be the more promptly complied with. Meanwhile I take pleasure in calling your attention to the enclosed memorial of the territorial legislature, as indicating the wants of a large number of Indian and half-breed girls, and the public feeling towards the enterprise of Father Chirouse.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

C. A. HUNTINGDON, Chief Clerk.

Hon. D. N. COOLEY, Commissioner of Indian Affairs.

SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, WASHINGTON TERRITORY,
Olympia, January 20, 1866.

We, the undersigned members of the legislature in Washington Territory, beg leave respectfully to represent to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs that there is an urgent necessity among the Indians of this Territory for the establishment of a school for the protection and education of Indian girls, and that in our judgment this object can be most economically and most effectively attained through Reverend Father Chirouse, the present superintendent of the Tulalip Indian school.

The very great and acknowledged benefits of that school have thus far been limited to boys, while no provision has been made for the instruction and guardianship of Indian girls, who almost universally fall victims at an early age to habits of the most degrading immoral ity. We therefore further beg leave to recommend that the sum of five thousand dollars be immediately placed in the hands of the superintendent of Indian affairs, to be expended under his direction in the establishment of a female department of the Tulalip school, under the management of the Sisters of Charity.

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MAKAH INDIAN AGENCY, NEEAH BAY RESERVATION, W. T.,
March 16, 1866.

SIR: I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt this day of your letter of February 20, 1866, calling my attention to a circular issued from the office of the Commissioner July 27, 1865, directing agents to make a full and explicit monthly report of the condition of the tribe or tribes under their charge. I have never received such a circular, and prior to the receipt of your letter above mentioned was not informed of any such requirement of the depart

ment.

In obedience to your instructions I now furnish the following statement of the tribe under my charge (the Makah) for the month of March, 1866.

The location of this tribe is on the most remote northwestern portion of the possessions of the United States, Cape Flattery, at the entrance of the straits of Fuca. They number nearly seven hundred (700) souls, and reside at the village of Necah, on Neeah bay, Wa-atch, Isores and Hosett, on the Pacific coast, the last-named village being at Flattery Rocks, fifteen miles south from Cape Flattery. These Indians are a hardy, bold and adventurous tribe, deriving their subsistence almost entirely from the ocean. They are to other tribes what the inhab itants of Nantucket were formerly to the citizens of the Atlantic coast. They are the whalemen, and boldly push out to sea in the canoe, in pursuit of whales, which are at once a source of food and profit. What oil and blubber are not consumed by the tribe are sold to the Indians of Vancouver's island and on the shores of the Straits of Fuca.

They are probably nearer the normal state of savage wildness than any other tribe in this Territory, and seem peculiarly averse to acquiring the habits and customs of the whites.

The employés on the reservation have been assiduous and unwearied in their exertions for the benefit of these Indians and in the care of the government property, but the most that can be said to have been effected has been to keep the Indians quiet and peaceable, although their labors have produced some good buildings and a small farm in a horrible wilderness.

The importance of this service will be seen when the fact is recollected that directly opposite and on the shores of Vancouver's island are numerous and powerful tribes of Indians under British control, who have heretofore been at deadly strife with these Indians, and war parties from either side of the straits were of common occurrence. But while we have thus far been successful in keeping peace among the Indians, the fact should be distinctly remembered that this tribe is fearless and never has been properly restrained.

Force is what we need, not only to carry out the wise regulations of the department, but to make them receive the benefits we desire to bestow upon them. For instance, the children should be compelled to attend school, and the parents made to feel the necessity of securing their regular attendance; unless something of the kind is done, the labors of the teacher cannot at all produce results commensurate with his zeal in their behalf. We should have force to enable us to carry out our police regulations, to prevent the introduction of whiskey, and to arrest offenders. Recent indications have given me the assurance that unless we do have some force at our disposal, these Indians will ere long commit offences of a grave nature. If an arrangement could be made by which the steam cutter could visit the bay at least once a month, much good would be done, but it will be readily seen that where a people are so utterly indifferent to what we know is for their good, some force is requisite to teach them. Moral suasion is very good so far as it is applicable, but with these wild savages kind treatment and mild measures seem to be productive of few brilliant results. I am opposed to the quartering of soldiers on an Indian reservation, both from the expense and from the injury they do morally with the Indians. But we need and must have other assistance than the few employés to carry out any stringent police regulations.

I therefore respectfully suggest that the co-operation of the collector of customs be invited, to the end that he may cause the latter to make regular visits to Neeah bay and aid us when required. One or two arrests and occasional presence of the cutter will enable us to do more and to bring the Indians into better subjection to wholesome regulations than any other means I can suggest.

During the present quarter we have been short of our usual complement of employés, consequently have been able to employ a considerable amount of Indian labor in clearing land, &c., which has had the double effect of teaching such as have labored how to perform their work properly, and to enable them to procure food such as is used by civilized persons.

There is no denying the fact that the condition of these Indians has been visibly improved since we have established the agency among them, but much remains to be done, and what we have been unable to do by kind treatment must be attempted in some more forcible manner. It does not always answer to simply teach an Indian that by pursuing a certain course he will be benefited. There are occasions when he should be made to feel the necessity of obedience.

The isolated position of this reservation, sixty miles from the nearest white settlement, and without roads and mail facilities, makes it impossible for us to call aid from the citizens of the Territory, and I doubt the propriety of receiving assistance from citizens, and as it is evident that the rules of the service will not admit of the employment of a police force, we should be provided with assistance from the cutter.

The spring having partly opened, the whole force of employés is engaged in preparing the ground for planting, in whitewashing and cleaning the government buildings, and preparing for summer work.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

HENRY A. WEBSTER,

Indian Agent.

Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Olympia.

W. H. WATERMAN, Esq.,

No. 3.

Report of Sub-Agent Knox.

OLYMPIA, WASHINGTON TERRITORY,

April 26, 1866.

SIR: Recent events in the Indian service render it proper for me to submit the following report:

Relations between the Neeah Bay Indians and some of the bands under my jurisdiction, viz, the Clallams and Elwahs, living along the straits at the town port of the sound, have for a long time been unfriendly.

The murder of Snell, a faithful Neeah Bay Indian, in 1861, by Clallams, and the long delay of the department to settle the claims arising from that murder, has been a sore, festering in the minds of the Neeah Bay Indians ever since: and they have also been emboldened to acts of violence by the impunity of the Quillehute murderers, who ought to have been arrested and punished long ago, if for no other reason, as a salutary lesson to other desperate Indians, who, taking advantage of the indifference of the government to a most flagrant crime, committed upon a white man, have been emboldened to resist authority, and to trample upon the requisitions of the department.

A few weeks since my attention was called by Agent Webster, at Neeah bay, to the fact that one of his Indians, a bold and desperate fellow, had committed a brutal murder at Crescent bay upon the person of a Clallam Indian, and that the relations between the tribes was becoming daily more threatening, and proposing to me to meet him at the scene of the difficulty on the nineteenth of the present month.

As I was on my way to fulfil this appointment, I met, at Olympia, on the fourteenth, Mr. J. C. Floyd, of the Tatoosh light-house, who had just arrived from Neeah bay, to report at the office of the superintendent of Indian affairs that this same murderer had been arrested by Agent Webster; had been placed on board a vessel in irons, which vessel was boarded by an armed band of his comrades, who released the prisoner, and that there was a condition of dangerous insubordination at the Neah Bay agency.

I therefore joined myself, in company with Mr. Floyd, to the military detachment so promptly ordered by yourself to the scene of the difficulty. Taking the Eldna Anderson on Monday morning the sixteenth, and receiving the military-thirty inen and two howitzers-on board at Fort Steilacoom, we proceeded at once to Port Gamble, where the officer in command and Lieutenant Kistler chartered the steamer Cyrus Walker, to which the expedition was transferred, and which conveyed us to Necah bay, arriving there at a late hour on Tuesday night the seventeenth.

Early the next morning the murderer and his rescuers were made prisoners and placed on board the steamer in confinement, and Agent Webster and his few defenceless employes on the reservation were relieved from a condition of great fear and danger, having been for a week at the mercy of exasperated savages, the watching of whom had precluded the possibility of sleep or rest.

Having, by this prompt action, overawed the Indians, and restored the authority of the reservation, the expedition proceeded to Clallam bay, Agent Webster accompanying, to inquire into the circumstances of the murder, and to reconcile, if possible, the breach between the parties

On learning that the murderer was in custody and on his way to prison, the Clallams seemed satisfied, and we had no difficulty in gaining their confidence and promises of amity. We took considerable pains to inquire of reliable white people respecting the difficulties among the Indians in that region, and found, as I had anticipated, that whiskey is the procuring cause of all these troubles. I found that the present administration of affairs fails to reach and correct the abuse, and, I think, any local authority is inadequate to the emergency. The numerous Indian camps along the straits are so accessible, by means of boats from Vancou ver's island, that unprincipled parties can carry on a whiskey trade with impunity. The local authorities cannot reach them, so as to correct the evil.

I beg leave, therefore, respectfully to recommend the appointment of a special police to take the supervision of the Indians along the coast, without regard to the agencies under which they belong, and to travel from point to point, for the purpose of enforcing the law and resisting the abuses now so common and so disastrous in their results.

Having accomplished the object of our visit at Clallam bay, the expedition returned to Neeah bay; and leaving twenty-five of the soldiers there for the defence of the reservation, and to enable the agent, if possible, to arrest the Quillehute murderers, the steamer returned to Fort Steilacoom with the prisoners and a small guard, arriving on Saturday of the same week.

In conclusion I desire to express my fears of the consequences of removing the present garrison at Fort Steilacoom, a purpose which, I understand, is in contemplation. The presence of a few soldiers on this sound is, in my judgment, indispensable to the peace and safety of the country, and to the proper control of the Indian tribes. The recent events at Neeah

bay, referred to above, and in point on this subject, and like occurrences, would no doubt be frequent but for the salutary restraint of a few bayonets ready to be used at call. I therefore beg leave to enter my protest against the removal of the troops. Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

W. H. WATERMAN, Esq.,

Superintendent Indian Affairs, Washington Territory.

JOHN T. KNOX,
Sub-Indian Agent.

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No. 4.

Report of Agent Webster.

UNITED STATES INDIAN RESERVATION,

NEEAH BAY, WASHINGTON TERRITORY, April 19, 1866.

SIR: I have the honor to inform you of the arrival of the steamer Cyrus Walker with a detachment of troops, under command of Lieutenant Kistler, and of receipt of your letter of the 15th instant, informing me that the troops are sent to my aid for the purpose of reasserting my authority and arresting offenders among the Indians under my charge, and that it will be well to take the Quillehute murderers at the same time, and in reply to state that the efficient aid so promptly rendered has enabled me to arrest an Indian lately guilty of murder, another charged with murder, and ten or eleven others, who rescued the first named after the arrest was made, as per my letter to you of the 12th instant, and will, if supplemented by similar aid when necessary, enable me to convince the Indians that crime will not be tolerated. If the weather had been such that the master of the steamer could have felt safe in taking the vessel outside the straits to Quillehute, I think I should at this time be able to report the murderers in hands of Lieutenant Kistler, a consummation, I hope, not long to be deferred. All praise is due Lieutenant Kistler, Surgeon Walker, and the command, for the promptness and energy displayed in the means adopted to accomplish the result. Annexed I give the names of the prisoners now held by Lieutenant Kistler, and to be sent to Fort Steilacoom, and respectfully suggest that the two first be imprisoned for an indefinite period and the balance for six months, and all compelled to labor until released.

This afternoon, with Agent Knox, aided by the force mentioned, we arrested at Clallam bay, and now detain at Neeah bay, a woman and child, near relations of one of the Quillehute murderers.

I take this opportunity to express my conviction of the necessity of having a considerable military force retained on Puget sound, to prevent the Indians from the commission of crimes heretofore too common.

(Then follow the names of prisoners, omitted in the copy.) Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

W. H. WATERMAN,

HENRY A. WEBSTER, Indian Agent.

Superintendent Indian Affairs, Washington Territory.

Second report for April, 1866.

SIR: I have the honor to offer the following report for the month of April, 1866: In my last monthly report I stated my conviction that this tribe needed some display of force on our part to keep them in check, and my apprehensions that unless we could have such assistance the regular employés of the reservation would be unable to enforce proper police regulations. My fears in this respect have been realized during the past month by the open resistance to my authority by a portion of the Indians residing in the village of Kiddicubbet, between Neeah bay and Satvich island.

The cause of the difficulty was in my arresting an Indian and placing him on board the schooner A. J. Webster to be conveyed to Steilacoom military post, a full account of which has already been forwarded by me to your office.

At 11 p. m. the 17th instant, the steamer Cyrus Walker, having on board a detachment of troops under First Lieutenant Kistler, arrived in the bay, and at daybreak of the 18th proceeded to the village of Kiddicubbet, where a portion of the offenders were captured, and a sufficient number of hostages taken to secure the delivery of the balance.

The prisoners, thirteen in number, were sent to Steilacoom, First Lieutenant Kistler and twenty-six men remaining here for the purpose of enabling me to carry out your instructions, to secure the arrest of the Quillehute Indians, who were engaged in the Pisht murder ome two years since.

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