(m) Co-ordinator for Motor Transport in the District of Columbia.-Besides furnishing transportation interdepartmentally, and pooling the trucks for government hauling, repairs, spare parts, and gasoline are furnished at cost.

(n) Federal Specifications Board.-Besides a Chairman and Vice Chairman, the membership consists of a representative from each federal executive department and from the District of Columbia, General Supply Committee, Marine Corps, Government Printing Office, Interstate Commerce Commission, Panama Canal, Civil Service Commission, United States Shipping Board, Emergency Fleet Corporation, Tariff Commission, and Veterans' Bureau.

(0) Interdepartmental Board on Simplified Office Procedure.-Created to promote economy and efficiency in routine office procedure in the departments and establishments, through simplicity and uniformity of procedure as to matters not already allocated elsewhere by law or executive order.

(p) Interdepartmental Board of Contracts and Adjustments.-Addresses itself to the drafting of standard contracts for building, supply and lease, and to recommending legislation to reform statutory requirements imposed upon government departments in the execution of such contracts.

4. Organization

(a) The organization of the Bureau of Budget is as shown by Chart 15.
(b) The Board of Estimates is composed of:

The Director of the Budget, Chairman.

The Assistant Director of the Budget.

The Executive Assistant.

Seven Assistants to the Director.

(c) The Executive Assistant and Five Assistants to the Director supervise Investigators as follows:

(1) An Assistant to the Director:

(1a) Investigator.

War Department.

Panama Canal.

(1b) Investigator.

District of Columbia.

(1c) Investigator.

Navy Department.

National Advisory Comn..ttee of Aeronautics.

(2) An Assistant to the Director.

(2a) Investigator.

Bureau of Efficiency.

Civil Service Commission.

Employees' Compensation Commission.

Federal Board for Vocational Education.

Housing Corporation.

Smithsonian Institute.

(2b) Investigator.

Executive Office.

Alaska Relief Funds.

Allen Property Custodian
Commission of Fine Arts

Federal Power Commission.

Geographic Board

Grant Memorial Commission

Lincoln Memorial Commission

State. War, and Navy Department Buildings.

Tariff Commission.

(3) An Assistant to the Director.

(3a) Investigator.

Labor Department.

State Department.

(35) Investigator.

Department of Agriculture.

(4) An Assistant to the Director.

(4a) Investigator.

Post Office Department and Postal Service.

(4b) Investigator.

Treasury Department.

(4c) Investigator.

Public Health Service.

(5) An Assistant to the Director.

(5a) Investigator.

Federal Trade Commission.

Interstate Commerce Commission.

Railroad Administration.

Railroad Labor Board.

Shipping Board.

General Accounting Office.

(5b) Investigator.

Department of Commerce.

(5c) Investigator.

Justice Department.

(6) An Assistant to the Director.

(6a) Investigator.

Department of the Interior.

(6b) Investigator.

Veterans' Bureau.

National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers.

138

Annual report of the Director of the Budget to the President of the United States.

139

1. Mission

CHAPTER 19

PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE

The Public Health Service is charged with the study of the diseases of man and conditions influencing the propagation and spread thereof, including sanitation and sewage, and the pollution, either directly or indirectly, of the navigable streams and lakes of the United States, and to issue publications in this connection for the use of the public.1 It is also charged with the enforcement of laws for the prevention of the introduction and spread of disease and with the medical care of certain beneficiaries of the federal government.

2. History

By the Act of July 16, 1798, "the master or owner of every ship or vessel of the United States, arriving from a foreign port into any port of the United States," was required, before the ship was admitted to entry, to render a'true account of the number of seamen employed aboard since last entered at any United States port, and to pay to the collector at the rate of 20 cents per month for every seaman so employed. The fund so accumulated was to be used to erect hospitals for "sick and disabled seamen." The President was authorized to appoint directors of the "Marine Hospital of the United States" in such ports as he deemed proper. The first hospital built under this act I was located at Norfolk in 1800.

The following year the "officers of the customs revenue of the United States," the master and crews of revenue cutters, and military officers commanding any fort or station on the seacoast were enjoined to observe the "quarantines and other restraints" established by the health laws of any state respecting any vessels arriving in or bound to any port or district thereof.3

The President was authorized to direct the expenditure of moneys for the relief of sick and disabled seamen, and provision was made for the deduction of 20 cents monthly from the pay of officers and men of the Navy for the similar purpose.

The Secretary of the Treasury was authorized to "employ additional revenue boats and officers to aid in executing quarantine and health laws." 5

When vessels were sold or transferred abroad, the hospital dues owing to the United States were to be collected."

Warehouses at New York for goods imported in vessels subject to quarantine were authorized."

1 Act Aug. 14, 1912, c. 288, § 1 (37 Stat. 319 [Comp. St. § 9128]).

21 Stat. 605.

8 R. S. § 4792 (Act Feb. 25, 1799, c 12 [Comp. St. § 9150]).

4 Act March 2, 1799 (1 Stat. 729).

Act July 13, 1832 (4 Stat. 577).

6 Act April 29, 1864 (13 Stat. 61). 7 Act Dec. 15, 1864 (13 Stat. 419).

The Secretary of the Treasury was authorized to make and enforce quarantine regulations to prevent introduction of cholera, and revenue officers and cutters were to aid in enforcement.8

During the Civil War the Marine Hospitals and their officers were used by the military authorities, both North and South, for the care of the military forces. In 1870, the Secretary of the Treasury was authorized to appoint a Supervising Surgeon of Marine Hospital Service, "to supervise all matters connected with the Marine Hospital Service." The monthly assessment on seamen's pay was increased to 40 cents.9

Canal boats were exempted from the benefits as well as from payment of the hospital dues.10

Collectors of Customs were required to act as disbursing agents for payments in construction of Marine Hospitals.11

The President was authorized to receive donations for the erection of hospitals for sick and disabled seamen.12

The hospital privilege was extended to sick foreign seamen at 75 cents per

day 13

The Secretary of the Treasury was authorized to sell or lease Marine Hospital property not needed and which had not been furnishing relief to an average of 20 cases daily for the preceding four years:14

The appointment of the Supervising Surgeon General of the United States Marine Hospital Service was made subject to Senate confirmation.15

Vessels were required to keep "seamen's time books" as a basis for determining hospital dues.16 The Government Hospital for the Insane was made available to insane patients of the Marine Hospital Service.16

The Act of April 29, 1878,17 "to prevent the introduction of contagious or infectious diseases into the United States," provided for notices from United States Consuls abroad to the Marine Hospital Service of the existence of such diseases in any port from which any vessel clears bound for a port of the United States. It also authorized the utilization by the federal service of state and municipal quarantine agencies. This act marks the beginning of the extensive use of the Marine Hospital Service as a federal health service.

Special attention to yellow fever and cholera was authorized in 1878.18 An important step toward educating the public in health matters was the first act which authorized the collection of data for health bulletins.19

(See under "Publications," post.)

8 Res. May 26, 1866 (14 Stat. 357).

Act June 29, 1870 (16 Stat. 169).

10 Res. Feb. 10, 1871, No. 27, § 1 (16 Stat. 595).

11 R. S. § 3657 (Comp. St. § 6665).

12 R. S. § 4801 (Comp. St. § 9189).

13 R. S. § 4805 (Comp. St. § 9193).

14 R. S. § 4806 (Comp. St. § 9197); Act March 3, 1875 (18 Stat. 485).

15 Act March 3, 1875, c. 130 (18 Stat. 377 [Comp. St. § 9131]).

16 Act March 3, 1875, c. 156 (18 Stat. 485).

17 20 Stat. 37.

18 Res. Dec. 21, 1878, No. 2 (20 Stat. 487).

19 Act March 3, 1879 (20 Stat. 402).