where; printing and binding and newspaper advertising for the War Department and the Army; expenditures from War Department appropriations for contingent expenses, stationery, and postage; the War Department telephone service, and the War Department post office; allotment of office space assigned for the use of the War Department in the District of Columbia; and performs such other duties as may be required by the Secretary of War.

A. Assistant Secretary of War

The Assistant Secretary is charged with supervising and acting upon the procurement and manufacture of supplies10 and the purchase and lease of real estate, including licenses for temporary use of land under War Department control; approval of expenditures from funds allotted; the approval of purchase vouchers; requests on the Secretary of the Treasury to issue warrants to disbursing officers; plans for the mobilization of materials and industry for war; claims against the War Department; the sale of surplus supplies, equipment, plants, land, or other facilities; approval of inventory and inspection reports; approval of routine expenditures from the appropriation "Contingencies of the Army"; approval of expenditures for military posts; authorizing of advertising; use of patent rights by the War Department and Army; matters relating to military parks; matters relating to national cemeteries; matters relating to river and harbor works; and the activities relating to the National Association for the Promotion of Rifle Practice; and civilian marksmanship.

B. Chief of Staff; War Department General Staff

10

The Chief of Staff is the immediate adviser of the Secretary of War on all matters relating to the military establishment, and is charged by the Secretary of War with the planning, development, and execution of the Army program.1 He causes the War Department General Staff to prepare the necessary plans. As the agent and in the name of the Secretary of War, he issues such orders. as will insure that the plans of the War Department are harmoniously executed by all branches and agencies of the Military Establishment and that the Army program is carried out speedily and efficiently.

(1) Deputy Chief of Staff.-The Deputy Chief of Staff assists the Chief of Staff and acts for him in his absence. He reports directly to the Secretary of War in all matters not involving the establishment of important policies. In addition to his other duties, he is charged with supervision over the activities of all the divisions of the War Department General Staff.

The War Department General Staff includes the following divisions, each division being under the immediate control of an Assistant Chief of Staff:

(a) Personnel Division.-The Personnel Division is charged, in general, with those duties of the War Department General Staff which relate to the personnel of the Army as individuals.

(b) Military Intelligence Division.-The Military Intelligence Division is charged, in general, with those duties of the War Department General Staff

10 National Defense Act of 1920, 41 Stat. 764, 765 (Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, §§ 334b, 1762a[7]-1762a[9]).

which relate to the collection, evaluation, and dissemination of military information.

(c) Operations and Training Division.-The Operations and Training Division is charged, in general, with those duties of the War Department General Staff which relate to the organization, training, and operation of the military forces not expressly assigned to the War Plans Division.

(d) Supply Division.-The Supply Division is charged, in general, with those duties of the War Department General Staff which relate to the supply of the Army, and with the preparation of basic supply plans. It is specifically charged with the preparation of plans and policies and the supervision of activities concerning: Distribution, storage, and issue of supplies; transportation by land and water, including ports of embarkation and their necessary auxiliaries; traffic control; tables of equipment, the quantities and types of military supplies required for the use of the Army and essential to the military program; inventions; leasing of War Department facilities and issuing of revocable licenses; hospitalization and evacuation of men and animals, including such agencies or parts of agencies as may be wholly devoted to hospital and medical relief work; distribution and movement of supply, technical, and labor troops not employed as combat units; property responsibility and accountability; the determination and statement of plans and policies governing the preparation of estimates for funds for military purposes and priorities pertaining thereto, and, when necessary with the restatement of such priorities to govern the expenditure of all funds appropriated; the formulation of policies and projects governing the procurement of real estate in connection with the training, shelter, and housing of troops, and with the storage, distribution, and issue of supplies; policies relative to the procurement, construction, repair, maintenance, and disposition of buildings and all utilities connected therewith.

(e) War Plans Division.-The War Plans Division is charged, in general, with those duties of the War Department General Staff which relate to the formulation of plans for the use in the theater of war of the military forces, separately or in conjunction with the naval forces, in the national defense.

(2) Service (a) Chief of Cavalry.-The Chief of Cavalry is under the supervision of the Chief of Staff in all matters relating to his arm, and furnishes the Chief of Staff with information and advice on all questions affecting the Cavalry. He exercises direct supervision and control of Fort Riley, Kan., including the Cavalry School, the Cavalry Board, and certain troops and installations thereat designated by the Secretary of War. He formulates and develops the tactical doctrine of his arm in accordance with the War Department doctrine. (b) Chief of Field Artillery.-The Chief of Field Artillery is under the supervision of the Chief of Staff in all matters relating to his arm. He furnishes the Chief of Staff information and advice on all questions affecting his particular arm. He exercises direct supervision and control of the special service schools and the special boards of his arm. He formulates and develops the tactical doctrine of his arm in accordance with the War Department doctrine which requires that the Army be trained for offensive combat.

(c) Chief of Coast Artillery.-The Chief of Coast Artillery is charged with the duty of keeping the Chief of Staff advised and informed in respect to all

questions affecting the Coast Artillery Corps. He exercises direct supervision and control over the Coast Artillery School, Coast Artillery Board, and the torpedo depot, United States Army, Fort Totten, N. Y. He formulates and develops the tactical doctrine of Coast Artillery in accordance with the War Department doctrine. Under direction of the Secretary of War, he has immediate charge of the purchase, manufacture, maintenance, and test of submarine mine matériel and of its distribution to the Coast Artillery Corps.

The Coast Artillery Corps will furnish the artillery for all fixed and movable elements of land and coast fortifications, all submarine mines, all railway artillery, all anti-aircraft artillery, and all trench mortar artillery for use with fixed defenses and with armies in the field.

(d) Chief of Infantry.-The Chief of Infantry is charged with the duty of keeping the Chief of Staff advised and informed on all questions affecting the Infantry. He exercises direct supervision and control over the special service schools and the special boards of his arm. He formulates and develops the tactical doctrine of the Infantry in accordance with the War Department doctrine and prepares the necessary manuals, training literature, and training memoranda relating to the employment, instruction, and training of his arm and of the care and use of material and equipment. He co-operates with the chiefs of supply services in developing armament and equipment of the Infantry and with the Personnel Bureau of the Adjutant General's Office in recommending details of student officers at technical, professional, and other educational institutions, including the service schools, and for other similar duties and the examination, appointment, assignment, transfer, and retirement of officers and (in cases not covered by regulations) of enlisted men of the Infantry. He makes recommendations to the Chief of Staff as to the armament, equipment, organization, training, and instruction of the Infantry, including the Infantry Reserve Officers' Training Corps. He confers with the appropriate departmental agencies in all matters of organization, training, instruction, equipment, and general administration and efficiency of Infantry in the Organized Reserves and National Guard.

(e) Chief of Chaplains.-The Chief of Chaplains co-ordinates and supervises the work of chaplains and develops plans for the moral and spiritual betterment of the Army. He exercises direct supervision over the Chaplains' School and such projects for the instruction of chaplains as may be considered necessary to secure a properly trained personnel. He investigates the qualifications of all candidates for appointments as chaplains.

C. Military Bureaus

(a) Adjutant General."-The Adjutant General is charged with the duty of recording, authenticating, and communicating to troops and individuals in the military service all orders, instructions, and regulations issued by the Secretary of War through the Chief of Staff, or otherwise; of preparing and distributing commissions; of compiling and issuing the Army Register and the Army List and Directory; of consolidating the general returns of the Army; of arranging and preserving the reports of officers of the Army detailed to visit encampments

11 National Defense Act of 1920, § 6, 41 Stat. p. 765 (Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, § 1764).

of militia; of compiling and maintaining a list showing the names of officers of the Army on detached service; of managing the recruiting service; of handling matters pertaining to the education and recreation of the soldier; and of conducting correspondence concerning the military service generally, including such as pertains to military training camps, rifle practice, the Officers' Reserve Corps, the Reserve Officers' Training Corps, and the Enlisted Reserve Corps. He is vested by law with the government and control, under the direction of the Secretary of War, of the United States Disciplinary Barracks and its branches and of all offenders sent thereto for confinement and detention; and is charged with the duty of issuing and recording orders from the War Department remitting or mitigating sentences of general prisoners or honorably restoring them to duty. The Adjutant General is also vested by law with the charge, under the Secretary of War, "of the military and hospital records of the volunteer armies and the pension and other business of the War Department connected therewith"; of publishing War Department regulations, manuals, and miscellaneous documents pertaining to the military service and distributing those publications to the Army; and of obtaining, compiling, and keeping continually up to date all available information as to the names, ages, addresses, occupations, and qualifications for appointment as commissioned officers of the Army, in time of war or other emergency, of men of suitable ages who, by reason of having received military training in civilian educational institutions or elsewhere, may be regarded as qualified and available for appointment as such commissioned officers. He also has charge of the records of the permanent Military Establishment and of all War Department business pertaining thereto, including the consideration of applications for the congressional medal of honor, the distinguished service cross, and the distinguished-service medal; for the benefits of the act of Congress approved April 27, 1916, establishing the Army and Navy medalof-honor roll; for certificates of military service, and certificates authorizing the purchase of service medals; and for removal of charges of desertion and the issue of discharge certificates to such soldiers finally charged with desertion as are entitled to relief under the terms of existing law. The archives of the Adjutant General's Office include all military records of the Revolutionary War in the possession of the general government; the records of all organizations, officers, and enlisted men that have been in the military service of the United States since the Revolutionary War, including those pertaining to the volunteer and drafted forces and the National Guard while in the active service of the United States; the records of the movements and operations of troops; the medical and hospital records of the Army; reports of physical examination of recruits and identification records; the records of the Provost Marshal General's Bureau of the Civil War period; the records of the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands; a considerable collection of the Confederate records, including those pertaining to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the Confederate Government; and the records kept by draft boards and state headquarters while operating under the provisions of the selective-service law approved May 18, 1917.

The Personnel Bureau of the Adjutant General's Office is charged by law, under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of War, with the

operating functions of procurement, assignment, promotion, transfer, retirement, and discharge of all officers and enlisted men of the Army, with the proviso that territorial commanders and the chiefs of the several branches of the Army shall be charged with such of the above-described duties within their respective jurisdictions as may be prescribed by the Secretary of War.

(b) Inspector General.12-The Inspector General, with his assistants, inspects the United States Military Academy; the service schools; garrisoned posts and commands; camps of maneuver and instruction; staff officers at corps area, department, and division headquarters; general hospitals; armories and arsenals; quartermaster, ordnance, medical, torpedo, signal, and engineer depots; recruit depots and recruiting stations; the disciplinary barracks and its branches, and military prisoners in United States penitentiary, Leavenworth, Kan,; ungarrisoned posts; national cemeteries; United States Army transports, cable boats, mine planters, and harbor boats; unserviceable property; money accounts of all disbursing officers of the Army; Soldiers' Home, District of Columbia, and the headquarters and ten branches of the National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers; the National Guard as required by the Act of June 3, 1916; the several national military parks; also makes such special investigations and such annual inspections of troops as may be ordered, and conducts the survey of business methods and War Department activities.

(c) Judge Advocate General.13-The Judge Advocate General is the official legal adviser of the Secretary of War, the Chief of Staff, the War Department and its bureaus, and the entire Military Establishment. He advises concerning the legal correctness of military administration, including disciplinary action, matters affecting the rights and mutual relationship of the personnel of the Army, and the financial, contractual, and other business affairs of the War Department and the Army. The functions of the Judge Advocate General's Department include, not only those of the Judge Advocate General and of his office in Washington, but also those of judge advocates serving as staff officers at the headquarters of army, corps area, department, corps, division, and separate brigade commanders, and at the headquarters of other officers exercising general court-martial jurisdiction.

(d) Quartermaster General.14 "The Quartermaster General, under the authority of the Secretary of War, shall be charged with the purchase and procurement for the Army of all supplies of standard manufacture and of all supplies common to two or more branches but not with the purchase or the procurement of special or technical articles to be used or issued exclusively by other supply departments; with the direction of all work pertaining to the construction, maintenance, and repair of buildings, structures, and utilities other than fortifications connected with the Army; with the storage and issue of supplies; with the operation of utilities; with the acquisition of all real estate and the issue of licenses in connection with government reservations; with the transportation of the

6 National Defense Act 1916 (39 Stat. 166).

12 National Defense Act of 1920, § 7 (Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, § 1771).

13 National Defense Act of 1920, § 8 (Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, § 1775a).

14 Act June 3, 1916, § 9 (39 Stat. 170), as amended by National Defense Act of 1920, § 9, 41 Stat. p. 766 (Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, § 1784a[1]).