Canyon, in which 253 miles of canyons were mapped and 22 possible dam sites were examined during 1925.11

The Director's services with the United States Coal Commission, for the special investigation of the national coal resources, terminated September 22, 1923. In March, 1924, he was made a member of the Naval Oil Commission.

Another aspect of the Survey's history in the scientific field finds expression in the publication in 1924 of “The Evolution and Disintegration of Matter" as a "shorter contribution" of Dr. F. W. Clarke's half century of study in evolution and the spectroscope. 11

3. Activities and Organization 1. Administrative Branch. (1) Office of the Director.—The Director exercises general supervision over

the Geological Survey; spends part of his time in the field, exercising general oversight over field work, during which absence from Washington administrative directorship is performed by an Acting Director; is a member of the Naval Oil Commission; delivers addresses intended to create or maintain contact between the Survey's scientific and

engineering investigations and the public. (2) Office of Chief Clerk.-The Chief Clerk has direct charge of, and is

responsible for, the conduct of administrative work,
(a) Office proper of Chief Clerk.
(b) Executive Division.

(b1) Office of Chief of Executive Division.
(62) Mails, Records and Files.
(63) Appointments.

(b4) Addressograph Section.
(c) Division of Scientific and Technical Equipment.
(d) Division of Accounts.
(e) Office of Disbursing Office.
(f) Library.
(g) Service Force.

II. Geologic Branch-Chief Geologist.
(1) Division of Geology.

(a) Administrative-Chief Geologist.
(b) Advisory Committee on Geologic Names.
(c) Advisory Physiographic Committee.
(d) Section of Metalliferous Deposits-Geologist.
(e) Section of Paleontology and Stratigraphy--Geologist.
(f) Section of Glacial Geology-Geologist.
(g) Section of Geology of Iron and Steel Metals—Geologist.
(h) Section of Coastal Plain Investigations-Geologist.
(i) Section of Areal Geology-Geologist.

7 Act May 22, 1908 (35 Stat. 184, 226); Act March 4, 1909 (35 Stat. 945, 989). 11 45th Annual Report of Director, Geological Survey, pp. 5, 6.

(1) Section of Nonmettiferous Deposits-Geologist.
(k) Section of Petrology-Geologist.
(1) Section of Geology of Oil and Gas Fields—Geologist.

(m) Section of Geology of Coal Fields-Geologist. (2) Division of Mineral Resources.

(a) Administrative-Geologist.
(b) Metals Section-Geologist.
(c) Non-Metals Section—Geologist.
(d) Coal Section-Geologist.
(e) Section of Petroleum and Natural Gas-Geologist.
(f) Section of Foreign Reserves-Geologist.
(g) Field Offices.

(gl) San Francisco—Geologist.
(82) Salt Lake City-Statistician.

(33) Denver-Statistician.
(3) Division of Chemistry and Physics.

(a) Administrative-Chief Chemist.
(b) Section of Chemistry—Chief Chemist.
(c) Section of Physics—Physicist.

III. Alaskan Mineral Resources Branch.

(1) Administrative-Chief Alaskan Geologist. (2) Field Exploration Parties.

IV. Topographic Branch.
Conducts topographical surveys and prepares originals of topographic maps ;

prepares manuscripts of several publications on leveling and other topo

graphic subjects.
(1) Administrative—Chief Topographic Engineer.
(2) Computing Section—Topographic Engineers.
(3) Section of Inspecting and Editing—Topographic Engineer.
(4) Section of Cartography-Draftsman.
(5) Map Information Office, Topographic Engineer.
(6) Section of Relief Maps-Geographer,
(7) Section of Photographic Mapping—Topographic Engineer.
(8) Atlantic Division.

(a) Topographic Engineer.
(b) Topographic Engineers.
(c) Assistant Topographers.

(d) Junior Topographers. (9) Central Division.

(a) Topographic Engineer.
(b) Topographic Engineers.
(c) Topographers.
(d) Assistant Topographer,
(e) Junior Topographer.

(10) Rocky Mountain Division.

(a) Topographic Engineer.
(b) Topographers.
(c) Assistant Topographers.
(d) Junior Topographers.

V. Water Resources Branch.

(1) Administrative—Chief Hydraulic Engineer. (2) Division of Surface Water–Hydraulic Engineer.—Measures flow of

rivers; special investigations of conditions affecting stream flow
and utilization thereof. Measurements of discharge are made at

1673 gaging stations, supervised by 23 district offices as follows:
New England Customs House, Boston, Mass.
New York-Journal Building, Albany, N. Y.
New Jersey-Statehouse, Trenton, N. J.
Middle Atlantic and Ohio River—Washington, D. C.
South Atlantic and Eastern Gulf-6 Government St., Asheville, N.

C., Municipal Bldg.
Ohio-Brown Hall, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
Upper Mississippi River-Capitol Building, Madison, Wis.
Illinois-Kimball Building, Chicago, 111.
Iowa-State Highway Commission Building, Ames, Iowa.
Kansas-Federal Building, Topeka, Kan.
Missouri-Rolsa, Mo.
Upper Missouri River-Montana National Bank Building, Helena,

Mont.
Rocky Mountain-Post Office Building, Denver, Colo.
Great Basin—Federal Building, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Idaho-Idaho Building, Boise, Idaho.
Snake River Basin-Federal Building, Idaho Falls, Idaho.
Washington-Federal Building, Tacoma, Wash.
Oregon-Post Office Building, Portland, Or.
California—Custom House, San Francisco, Cal. Suboffice, Federal

Building, Los Angeles, Cal.
Arizona-University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz.
Texas-Capitol Building, Austin, Tex.

Hawaii--Federal Building, Honolulu. (3) Division of Ground Water:

Investigates subsurface waters; their occurrence, quantity, quality and

head; their recovery through wells and springs; and their utilization for domestic, industrial, irrigation, and public supplies, and at

watering places for live stock and desert travelers. (4) Division of Quality of Water—Chemist makes analyses of samples of

water and studies of methods of water analyses. (5) Division of Power Resources-Hydraulic Engineer makes monthly reports

of production of electricity, and consumption of fuel by public utility power plants, based upon reports received from about 4,000 power plants; reports of the stock of coal on hand at such plants at different

dates; and a report on developed water power in the United States. (6) Division of Land Classification Investigations—Chief Hydraulic Engineer

-Examination of public lands for designation under the enlarged and stock-raising homestead laws, and the examination of streams and neighboring lands for the classification of public lands with respect to their value for water power or irrigation.

VI. Land Classification.

Makes reports chiefly to the Secretary of the Interior, General Land Office, Office of Indian Affairs, and Federal Power Commission. The results of its work are utilized mainly in preparation of orders for the withdrawal from entry, restoration to entry, classification, and designation of the public lands, of informative and advisory reports, and of recommendations for appropriate action concerning public lands made to the agencies above named.

(1) Administrative—Geologist.
(2) Division of Mineral Classification.

Involves: (a) Withdrawal, classification, and restoration of public lands

according to their mineral character; (b) solution of geologic and economic problems arising in connection with mineral land leases; and (c) preparation of reports showing the mineral character of specific lands for the information and guidance of other government bureaus charged with administration of public laws. The Potash Land Leasing Act of 1917 12 and the General Mineral Lands Leasing Act of 1920,13 opening to disposition extensive mineral deposits,

did not obviate the necessity for classification.14 (3) Division of Hydrographic Classification-Hydraulic Engineer. (a) Power Section-Hydraulic Engineer.

Obtaining and making available for use in the administration of

public land laws information as to resources, such as potential
power resources of areas that are, or may be, subject to dis-

posal.
(b) Irrigation Section—Hydraulic Engineer.

Classification under the enlarged 15 and stock-raising 16 homestead

laws as nonirrigable; classification under the Nevada Ground Water Reclamation Act 17 as nontimbered and not known to be susceptible of successful irrigation; reports on sufficiency of water supply and general feasibility of irrigation projects

requiring some form of approval in the administration of the land laws; and initiation of withdrawal of lands for reservoir

sites (4) Division of Homestead Classification–Classifier.

Determines what lands under the stock-raising homestead laws 16 are to

be classified as nontimbered, nonirrigable, and valuable chiefly for grazing and raising forage crops.

Publication Branch.

(1) Administration.
(2) Division of Book Publication.

(a) Section of Texts—Editor.

(b) Section of Illustrations-Draftsman. (3) Division of Map Editing.

(a) Section of Geologic Editing of Maps and Illustrations–Editor.
(b) Section of Inspection and Editing of Topographic Maps-

Editor.
(4) Division of Engraving and Printing.

(a) Section of Topographic Maps and Geologic Folios.
(b) Section of Miscellaneous Government Map Printing.

(c) Photographic Laboratory.

(5) Division of Distribution. 4. Publications

(a) See pages 9–22, 55th Annual Report of Director, for list of publications.

(b) Price List No. 15 of government publications on Geological Survey, for sale by the Superintendent of Documents.

16 Act Dec. 29, 1916 (39 Stat. 862 [Comp. St. 1918, Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1919, 88 4587a-4587k]).

343