DAVIS 303979

Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1857,

BY J. & H. MILLER,

in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Southern District of Ohio.

STEREOTYPED AND PRINTED BY OSGOOD & PEARCE,
COLUMBUS, O

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

PRELIMINARY SKETCH. ANCIENT SLAVERY.

Early existence of Slavery in the world.-The Mosaic institutions in regard to Slav-

ery.-Hebrews, how reduced to servitude.-The Jubilee.-Distinction between

native and foreign Slaves.—Voluntary Slaves: the Mercenarii of the Romans;

the Prodigals or debtor Slaves; the Delinquents; the Enthusiasts.- Involuntary

Slaves; prisoners of war, and captives stolen in peace, with the children and de-

scendants of both.-Voluntary Slavery introduced by decree of the Roman Sen-

ste. Slavery in Rome: condition of the Slaves; cruelty to the old and sick;

prisons for Slaves; Sicily: servile war and breaking up of the prisons.-Piracy

esteemed honorable by the early Greeks. Piratical expeditions to procure

Slaves.-Causes of the gradual extinction of Slavery in Europe.-Origin of the

African Slave Trade by the Portuguese.-Followed by most of the maritime na-

tions of Europe..

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CHAPTER II.

SLAVERY IN GREECE.-ATHENIAN SLAVES.

Early existence of Slavery in Greece.-Proportion of Slaves to Freemen.-Their

numbers in Athens and Sparta.-Mild government of Slaves in Athens-the re-

verse in Sparta.-Instances of noble conduct of Slaves towards their masters.-

Probable origin of Slavery, prisoners of war.- fExamples in history of whole cities

and states being reduced to Slavery: Judea, Miletos, Thebes.-Slaves obtained by

kidnapping and piracy.-The traffic supposed to be attended by a curse.-Certain

nations sell their own people into Slavery. Power of masters over their Slaves;

the power of Life and Death.-The Chians, the first Greeks who engaged in a

regular Slave-trade.-Their fate in being themselves finally reduced to Slavery.-

First type of the Maroon wars.-The Chian Slaves revolt.-The hero slave Dri-

macos. His history.-Honors paid to his memory.-Servile war among the Sa-

mians.-Athenian laws to protect Slaves from cruelty.-Slaves entitled to bring an

action for assault.-Death penalty for crimes against Slaves.-Slaves entitled to

purchase freedom.-Privileges of Slaves in Athens.-Revolt of Slaves working in

Mines.-The temples a privileged sanctuary for Slaves who were cruelly treated.

Tyrannical masters compelled to sell their Slaves.-Slave auctions.-Diogenes.—

Price of Slaves.-Public Slaves, their employment.-Educated by the State, and

intrusted with important duties.-Domestic Slaves; their food and treatment.-

The Slaves partake in the general decline of morals.-History and Description of

Athens.....

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CHAPTER III.

SLAVES OF SPARTA, CRETE, THESSALY, &C.-THE HELOTS.

The Helots:-leading events of their History summed up.-Their Masters de-

scribed. The Spartans, their manners, customs and constitutions.-Distinguish-

ing traits severity, resolution and perseverance, treachery and craftiness.—Mar-

riage. Treatment of Infants.-Physical Education of Youth.-Their endurance

of hardships.-The Helots: their origin; supposed to belong to the State; power

of life and death over them; how subsisted; property acquired by them; their

military service.-Plato, Aristotle, Isocrates, Plutarch and other writers convict

the Spartans of barbarity towards them; the testimony of Myron on this point;

instances of tyranny and cruelty.-Institution of the Crypteia; annual massacre

of the Helots.-Terrible instance of treachery.-Bloody servile wars.-Sparta en-

gaged in contests with her own vassals.-Relies upon foreign aid.-Earthquake,

and vengeance of the Helots.- Constant source of terror to their masters.-Other

classes of Slaves.-Their privileges and advancement.-Slavery in Crete: classes

and condition.--Mild treatment.-Strange privileges during certain Festivals.-

Slaves of Syracuse rebel and triumph.The Arcadians.....

Slavery under the kings and in the early ages of the Republic.-Its spread, and

effect on the poorer class of Freemen.-The Licinian law.-Prevalence of the two

extremes, immense wealth and abject poverty. Immense number of Slaves in

Sicily. They revolt.-Eunus, their leader.-Their arms.- Horrible atrocities

committed by them.-The insurrection crushed.-Fate of Eunus.- Increase of

Slaves in Rome. Their employment in the arts.-Numbers trained for the Am-

phitheatre.—The Gladiators rebel.-Spartacus, his history.-Laws passed to re-

strain the cruelty of masters.-Effects of Christianity on their condition.-Their

numbers increased by the invasion of northern hordes.-Sale of prisoners of war

into slavery. Slave-dealers follow the armies.-Foreign Slave-trade.-Slave auc-

tions. The Slave markets.-Value of Slaves at different periods.-Slaves owned

by the State, and their condition and occupations.-Private Slaves, their grades

and occupations.-Treatment of Slaves, public and private.-Punishment of of

fenses.-Fugitives and Criminals.-Festival of Saturnus, their privileges.-Their

dress. Their sepulchres.-The Gladiators, their combats

CHAPTER V

SLAVERY IN ROME.-CONTINUED.

Abstract of the laws in regard to Slavery.- Power of Life and Death.-Cruelty of

Masters.-Laws to protect the Slave.-Constitution of Antoninus: of Claudius.-

Husband and Wife could not be separated; nor parents and children.-Slave

could not contract marriage, nor own property.-His peculium, or private prop-

erty, held only by usage.-Regulations in respect to it.-Master liable for damages

for wrongful acts of his Slave.-The murderer of a Slave, liable for a capital

offense, or for damages.-Fugitive Slaves, not lawfully harbored: to conceal them,

theft.-Master entitled to pursue them.-Duties of the authorities.-Slave hunters.

-Laws defining the condition of children born of Slaves.-Laws to reduce free

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