James Fay was born in Livingston county, N. Y., May 21, 1828. His father, James Fay, died while he was young, and in 1837 he accompanied his mother to Michigan, settling in Jackson county, where he has since lived. New Year's Day, 1857, he married Miss Caroline Webster, daughter of Benjamin F. and Lucy Webster, of this town, who was born in Chautauqua county, N. Y., in May, 1832, and at the age of five years accompanied her parents to Jackson county, where she has continued to live in the same neighborhood where her parents settled when she was a small girl. Their family consists of 2 children-Mira and Frank. Mr. Fay has a fine farm and a pleasant home.

Erastus Furgarson was born in Cambridge, Lenawee Co. Mich., May 11, 1840. His parents, Willard and Lydia Furgarson, were natives of Vermont; they came to New York when young, and after stopping in that State for some years, came to Michigan, settling in Lenawee county in 1834. Mr. F. lived here until 12 years of age, when the family removed to Grand River, in Ottawa county; remained there some years, then returned to the old place where he lived till the fall of 1862; enlisted in the 3d Mich. Cav., where he served until the close of the war, and then returned to his home in Lenawee county. In March, 1864, while home on a furlough, he married Frances Schuart, born in Clinton in 1844, and died in January, 1874, leaving 3 children--Freddie, Charley and Phebe. In January, 1876, Mr. Furgarson married Estella Hopper, widow of Milo H. Hopper, who had 1 child by her former marriage --Henry L.; she was born in Cuyahoga county, Ohio, in April, 1844; her parents, Harry and Augusta Ladd, were formerly of Brooklyn, Mich., and when she was an infant they returned to that place, where her mother died soon after. Mr. Furgarson came to his farm in Norvell, in the spring of 1867; has a good farm of 140 acres; is a mason and farmer. P. O., Brooklyn.

James Graham was born in Schoharie county, N. Y., Oct. 1, 1803. When three years old he was taken by his parents to Chenango county, where he lived till he had reached the age of 21 years, following the vocation common to most farmers' boys. The year after he had obtained his majority he sailed on Lake Ontario, after which he went to the village of Waterville, N. Y., where the next six years of his life were passed, working on a farm. In the fall of 1831 he came to Michigan; stopped a few days in Ann Arbor, thence to Sandusky, O., via Detroit, and to the town of Greenville in Huron county, where he was engaged in chopping till May, 1832, when he came to this county, staying the first night with William Hunt; the next day reached the village of Napoleon; stayed over Sunday with D. Goodrich, whose house was the only one in the village at that time. Monday morning he started on foot for Marshall, but taking the wrong trail he reached Co-Cush Prairie, 25 miles south of Marshall, on Tuesday morning about nine o'clock. During this trip he walked 40 miles, dined upon two crackers, and at night rested his body beneath the clear sky npon the bare ground.

He reached Marshall Wednesday afternoon, where he stopped a few weeks with George and Sidney Cathem; followed the Indian trail back to Jackson, and where the town of Norvell stands he picked out the 80-acre lot on which he now lives; then taking the trail for Detroit he entered his land and returned to his old home at Waterville. Here, in August, 1832, he was married to Miss Vanlara Tyler, of the same village, where they lived a few years, and in June, 1835, Mr. G., accompanied by his wife and sister Mary (now Mrs. E. Tracy), again returned to Michigan, settling on the land which he had taken in 1832. During the summer he planted some crops and erected a log house which served him for many years. He has improved his farm until he has as fine a farm as any in the county. In 1838 Mrs. Graham died, leaving 1 son-William H. In April, 1840, Mr. Graham married Paulina Allen, who was born in Columbia county, N. Y., April 3, 1811; at the age of 13 she went to Otsego county, and after a few years to Oswego county. In 1835 she came to Medina county, Ohio, where she lived till 1840, then came to Michigan. Of their 7 children 5 are living-Clarona, Camelia, Josephine, Emma and Adell. Crowell J. and Mahalen

D. died while young. Both Mr. and Mrs. Graham have long been worthy members of the Church, the former of the M. E. Church, and the latter of the Baptist.

T. B. Halladay was born in Ontario county, N. Y., October, 1834. His parents were James and Parmelia (Biglow) Halladay, natives of the same county. In the fall of 1858 he came to this county, and until the spring of 1860 remained in the town of Norvell, most of his time being spent in teaching school. He then returned to his home in the State of New York, and in the spring of 1861 returned and bought the farm on which he now resides. In October, 1861, he married Miss Jennie Blanchard, who was born in this county, July 7, 1841; they have but 1 child, Cora. Mr. Halladay has held numerous town offices during his residence here, and is known and respected by all. Although a poor young man when he first come to this county, by industry and frugality he has made for himself and family a good home; he has a fine farm of several hundred acres, with good buildings. P. O., Norvell.

James Hay, Jr., was born in Onondaga county, NJ Y., September 1827. His parents, James and Mabel (Satterlee) Hay, came from New York and settled in the town of Pittsfield, near the village of Saline, in 1834, where they lived till the spring of 1841, then removed to the eastern part of Norvell tp. where they have since continued to live. June 18, 1855, Mr. Hay was married to Miss Caroline Pease, daughter of Warren and Fannie Pease, of Manchester; she died in November, 1865, and is buried in the Manchester cemetery. Oct. 3, 1866, Mr. Hay married Julia V. Pease, a sister of his former wife, who was born in Tecumseh, Mich., her parents having moved there from Ludlow, Mass., at an early day; they have had 2 children-James W., who died in April, 1874, and Eda, born Aug. 14, 1874. Mr.

Hay came to his farm on sec. 9, this tp., in the spring of 1861, and has since improved it until he now owns a fine farm of 120 acres. Both he and his wife are worthy members of the Baptist Church at Norvell.

Stephen W. Holmes was born in the city of New York, May 24, 1837. When an infant he was brought by his parents to this county, where he has since lived. His parents are Henry and Lydia Holmes, the former a native of England. Mr. Holmes was married Dec. 5, 1861, to Miss. Caroline A. Smith, of Napoleon, who was born in Cayuga county, N. Y., in March, 1840, and accompanied her parents, Chauncy C., and Harriet (Van Winkle) Smith, to this county, when about 10 years of age; they have had 2 children-Hatty B. and Maud (deceased). Mr. Holmes is engaged in farming; both have been worthy members of the Baptist Church for several years.

Alvinzie Hunt was born in Marcellus, Onondaga Co., N. Y., Nov. 14, 1809. His parents, John and Parley Hunt, were among the pioneers of that county, where Mr. Hunt passed his boyhood days on his father's farm. He was married in January, 1830, to Nancy Converse, who died in June, 1831, leaving 1 child, now Mrs. Jason P. Merrillon, of Jackson county. Oct. 20, 1831, Mr. Hunt married Miss Phebe Converse, sister to his former wife; they had 2 children-Byron C., Mortimer B.; the former died at the age of 19 years. In the spring of 1836, Mr. Hunt removed his family to this county, and in May of that year he took up 292 acres of land on sec. 10, and has since added to and improved it until he now owns as fine a farm as the town can boast of, consisting of 324 acres. Feb. 9, 1877, death again entered his family and took from him the wife who had been the stay of his life, sharing with him the privations of a pioneer life, as well as the pleasures that they had labored for in their younger days. Mr. Hunt has at times held all the various offices of his tp.; has been Supervisor six years, and has held the office of Justice of the Peace for the past 12

years.

Duncan Hyndman, M. D., was born in Argylshire, Scotland, March 8, 1845. His parents, Peter and Margaret (McKillop) Hyndman, left their native country in 1857, settling in Elgin county, Canada. Their voyage across the waters was long, the vessel on which they sailed being wrecked; but after a time they were safely landed in the country which was to be their home. After living in Elgin county for a number of years they came to Michigan, settling in the village of Brooklyn, where they still live. Of the family of 4 boys, 3 are graduates of medical colleges. Duncan, the subject of this sketch, grew to the years of manhood under the paternal roof in Canada; several years were spent in teaching school, and then, coming over to the Buckeye State, he spent several years in the Western Reserve College at Hudson. In 1868 he married Miss Alice E. Mason, daughter of Samuel and Alice Mason, who came from England and also settled in Elgin

county, Canada. In the spring of 1869 Mr. Hyndman finished his college course, and the same year came to Norvell and began the practice of medicine; in this he has been quite successful, and is now one of the leading physicians of Jackson county. A portrait of Mr. Hyndman will be found on page 471.

George Ladd, son of John and Lucy Ladd, of Windham county, Conn., was born in that county Feb. 23, 1814. His parents moved to Oswego county, N. Y., when he was a small child. When he was seven years of age they removed to Oneida county, where he grew to manhood, and Oct. 2, 1845, he married Julia J. Burleigh, daughter of Luke and Lucretia Burleigh, who was born in Oneida county in 1820. Their family consists of 2 childrenGeorge and Harry; the latter married Clara Fielding. Mr. Ladd came to Michigan in the spring of 1846, settling on the farm where he now lives, in this tp. Prior to this time Mr. Ladd had visited various parts of Michigan, and had taken up land in different sections of the county; he now owns several hundred acres of fine farming land. P. O., Brooklyn.

S. B. Palmer was born in Madison county, N. Y., Nov. 19, 1817. His parents, Stephen and Huldah Palmer, were natives of Connecticut; the former was born in New London, Nov. 22, 1793, and the latter in Windham, Dec. 28, 1797. They moved to Madison county, N. Y., about the spring of 1812, were they were married Aug. 8, 1813; of their 12 children, 9 are yet living-Charles H., Lucretia, Sylvanus B., William C., Noyes G., Mariette, Jackson A., George M. and John J. The family left Madison county in the spring of 1836; came to this county, settling on the farm near the village of Norvell, where a portion of the family still reside. He entered a piece of land here, opened a hotel some years afterward, and for many years before the village of Norvell was started he was Postmaster. He was truly one of the pioneers of his county. Although coming here poor, he succeeded in amassing together enough of this world's goods to enable him to live comfortably in his old age. During his life he had held many tp. offices to the satisfaction of all. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, having been called out when the British invaded Sackett's Harbor. died May 24, 1879.

He

Mrs. P. is still living on the old homestead, at an advanced age; her memory is still bright, and she loves to recall many of the incidents of her early life in Michigan. The family are scattered over different parts of the country: William S. is a Baptist minister at Manchester; Noyes and G. W. are in the city of New York; Jackson is in Flint; and Charles H., at Pontiac. Mrs. Palmer has 9 children, 24 grandchildren and 18 great-grandchildren living.

Sylvanus B., the subject of this sketch, now occupies the old farm, to which he came with his father when 18 years of age, and lived till there till November, 1839, when he married Sarah Fish, daughter of Josiah and Cynthia (Barrows) Fish, born in Onondaga county, N. Y., Oct. 13, 1819. She came with her parents to this

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county in June, 1836; of their 7 children, 6 are living-Harmon S., Marion E., Schofield, Laura J., Albert and Alice (twins), and Minnie E. Mr. Palmer is engaged in farming; when a young man he taught school winters for a number of years. The family are members of the Baptist Church at Norvell.

John W. Pardee was born in Onondaga county, N. Y., Sept. 10, 1813. His parents, Sheldon and Sally Pardee, were natives of Connecticut. He spent his boyhood in his native county until he had reached the age of 18; went to Medina county, O., and about five years later removed to Portage county, of the same State, where he lived until 1840, then he came to Michigan, settling in Jackson county. Previous to this time Mr. P. had been engaged in the mercantile business, and had at different times traveled over different parts of Michigan on business. He was married in Lenawee county, Mich., in the fall of 1839, to Miss Caroline Tyler, daughter of Lemuel Tyler, formerly of Jackson. She was born in Madison county, N. Y., in 1821, and came with her parents to Michigan in 1836. Mr. and Mrs. P. have 5 children-Sheldon J., Frances, Ellen, Charles and George. Ellen, now Mrs. Seth Smith, lives in Fulton county, Ohio. Mr. Pardee settled on a wild piece of land in the woods; has improved it until he now has a fine large farm. P. O., Norvell.

Thomas Rhead, son of Thomas and Mary Rhead, was born in Staffordshire, England, June 26, 1819. When he was a boy he was put out to learn engraving and modelling in earthen-ware. After learning his trade he went to the city of Manchester, where he followed his occupation about nine months, but on account of the depression of trade about this time, many of the manufacturing establishments were closed, and he was thrown out of work. He had a friend in Marseilles, France, whom he had known while he was serving his apprenticeship; they had been corresponding, and now he offered him a place in that city; he went thither, and soon excelled his companion in lettering, and his wages were raised in consequence; he worked hard, early and late, hoping to be repaid for the expense and time that he had spent in learning his trade; but close application to work caused his health to fail, and his physician advised him to give up his trade if he wished to live. He left France and returned to his sisters in England, his father having died while he was yet young. He staid there but a short time, as the excitement of emigrating to America was then very great. In company with three companions he left England, May 16, 1842, and in the September following came to the Plains in Norvell tp., and for several years was engaged in working by the month on the farms. He worked for several years for Mr. A. Hunt.

July 3, 1845, he married Elsie M. Chaffee, daughter of Wilson Chaffee, who was born March 11, 1827, in the State of New York. After their marriage they lived in Norvell tp. until in 1849, when they moved near the village of Ionia. He bought a farm here of 160 acres, on which he lived about nine years, then sold out. In