Maximus, the pagan preceptor of the em-
peror Julian, initiates him into the Eleu-
sinian mysteries, ii. 326. Is honourably
invited to Constantinople by his impe-
rial pupil, 335. Is corrupted by his re-
sidence at court, ib.

Maximus, Petronius, his wife ravished by
Valentinian III. emperor of the West,
iii. 365. His character and elevation to
the empire, 369.

Mebodes, the Persian general, ungratefully
treated by Chosroes, iv. 175.
Mecca, its situation and description, v. 131.
The Caaba or temple of,140. Its deliver-
ance from Abrahah, 146. The doctrine
of Mahomet opposed there, 163. His
escape, 164. The city of, surrendered
to Mahomet, 173. Is pillaged by Abu
Taher, 366.

Medina, reception of Mahomet there, on
his flight from Mecca, v. 165.
Megalesia, the festival of, at Rome, de-
scribed, i. 94, note.

Meletians, an Egyptian sect, persecuted by
Athanasius, ii. 260.

Melitene, battle of, between the Eastern
emperor Tiberius, and Chosroes king of
Persia, iv. 336.

Melo, citizen of Bari, invites the Normans
into Italy, iv. 421.

Memphis, its situation and reduction by
the Saracens, v. 241.
Meravingian kings of the Franks in Gaul,
origin of, iii. 343. Their domain and
benefices, 479.

Mervan, caliph of the Saracens, and the
last of the house of Ommiyah, his defeat
and death, v. 298.

Mesopotamia, invasion of, by the emperor
Julian, ii. 372. Described by Xenophon,
373.

Messala, Valerius, the first præfect of
Rome, his high character, ii. 93,

note.

Michael I. Rhangabe, emperor of Constan-
tinople, v. 27.

Michael 11. the Stammerer, emperor of
Constantinople, v. 29.

Michael III. emperor of Constantinople,
v. 32. Is defeated by the Paulicians,
380.

Michael IV. the Paphlagonian, emperor of
Constantinople, v. 45.

Michael V. Calaphates, emperor of Con-
stantinople, v 46.

Michael VI. Stratioticus, emperor of Con-
stantinople, v 47.

Michael VII. Parapinaces, emperor of Con-
stantinople, v. 50.

Milan, how the imperial court of the
Western empire came to be transferred
from Rome to that city, i. 337.

Famous edict of Constantine the
Great in favour of the Christians, pub-
lished there, ii. 197.

St. Ambrose elected archbishop of
that city, iii. 84. Tumults occasioned
by his refusing a church for the Arian
worship of the empress Justina and her
son, 86.

Revolt of, to Justinian, iv. 144. Is
taken and destroyed by the Burgun
dians, 149.

120.

Is again destroyed by Frederic I. v.

Military force, its strength and efficacy
dependent on a due proportion to the
number of the people, i. 106.

Military officers of the Roman empire at
the time of Constantine the Great, a re-
view of, ii. 99.

Millennium, the doctrine of, explained, i.
398.

Mingrelia. See Colchos.

Minority, two distinctions of, in the Ro-
man law, iii. 145, note.
Miracles, those of Christ and his apostles,
escaped the notice of the heathen phi-
losophers and historians, i. 452. Ac-
count of those wrought by the body of
St. Stephen, iii. 131.
Miraculous powers of the primitive church,
an inquiry into, i. 415.
Misitheus, chief minister and father-in-law
of the third Gordian, his character, i.
179.

Misopogon of the emperor Julian, on what
occasion written, ii. 365.

Missorium, or great golden dish of Adol-
phus king of the Visigoths, history of, ii.

241.

Moawiyah, assumes the title of caliph,
and makes war against Ali, v. 192.

His character and reign, 103. Lays
siege to Constantinople, 282.
Modar, prince of the Amali, seduced by
the emperor Theodosius, turns his arms
against his own countrymen, iii. 57.
Moguls, primitive, their method of treat-
ing their conquered enemies, iii. 320.
Reign and conquests of Zingis, vi. 169.
Conquests of his successors, 174. See
Tamerlane.

Moguntiacum, the city of, surprised by the
Allemanni, ii. 434.

Mokawkas, the Egyptian, his treaty with
the Saracen Amrou, v. 242.
Monarchy, defined, i. 68. Hereditary, ri-
diculous in theory, but salutary in fact,
159. The peculiar objects of cruelty
and of avarice under, ii. 111.
Monastic institutions, the seeds of, sown
by the primitive Christians, i. 423. Ori-
gin, progress, and consequence of, iii.

417.

Money, the standard and computation of,
under Constantine the Great, and his
successors, ii. 115, note.

Monks have embellished the sufferings of
the primitive martyrs by fictions, ii.

31.

Character of, by Eunapius, iii. 129.
By Rutilius, 152. Origin and history
of, 418. Their industry in making pro-
selytes, 421.
Their obedience, 423.
Their dress and habitations, 424. Their
diet, 425. Their manual labour, 426.
Their riches, 427. Their solitude, 428.
Their devotion and visions, 429. Their
division into the classes of Canobites
and Anachorets, 430.

, Suppression of, at Constantinople,
by Cons tantine V. v. 77.

Monophysites of the East, history of the
sect of, iv. 432.

Monothelite controversy, account of, iv.
421.

Montesquieu, his description of the mili-
tary government of the Roman em-
pire, i. 180. His opinion that the de-
grees of freedom in a state are mea-
sured by taxation controverted, ii.

Morea is reduced by the Turks, vi. 333.
Morosini, Thomas, elected patriarch of
Constantinople, by the Venetians, vi.

87.

Moseilama, an Arabian chief, endeavours
to rival Mahomet in his prophetical
character, v 201.

Moses, the doctrine of the immortality of
the soul not inculcated in his law, 1. 410.
His sanguinary laws compared with
those of Mahomet, v. 168.
Mosheim, character of his work De Rebus
Christianis ante Constantinum, iv. 383,
note.

Moslemah, the Saracen, besieges Constan-
tinople, v. 287.

Molassem, the last caliph of the Saracens,
his wars with the Greek emperor The-
ophilus, v. 318. Is killed by the Moguls,
vi. 178.

Mourzoufle, usurps the Greek empire, and
destroys Isaac Angelus, and his son
Alexius, vi. 75. Is driven from Con-
stantinople by the Latins, 77. His
death, 90.

Mousa, the son of Bajazet, invested with
the kingdom of Anatolia, by Tamerlane,
vi. 216. His reign, 225.
Mozarabes, in the history of Spain, ex-
plained, v. 278.

Municipal cities, their advantages, i. 47.
Muratori, his literary character, vi. 412,
note.

Mursa, battle of, between the emperor
Constantius, and the usurper Maguen-
tius, ii. 153.

Musa, the Saracen, his conquest of Spain,
v. 268.
His disgrace, 272. His death,

Narbonne is besieged by Theodoric, and
relieved by count Litorius, iii. 342.
Nacoragan, the Persian general, his de-
feat by the Romans, and cruel fate, iv.

195.

Naissus, battle of, between the emperor
Claudius and the Goths, i. 262.
Naples is besieged and taken by Belisa-

rius, iv. 130. Extent of the dutchy
of, under the exarchs of Ravenna,
321.

Narses, his embassy from Sapor king of
Persia to the emperor Constantius, ii.
175.

Narses, king of Persia, prevails over the
pretensions of his brother Harmouz,
and expels Tiridates king of Armenia,
330. Overthrows Galerius, 331. Is
surprised and routed by Galerius, 333.
Articles of peace between him and the
Romans, 336.

Narses, the Persian general of the emperor
Maurice, restores Chosroes II. king of
Persia, iv. 344. His revolt against Pho-
cas, and cruel death, 360.

Narses, the eunuch, his military promo-
tion, and dissension with Belisarius, iv.
147. His character and expedition to
Italy, 218. Battle of Tagina, 221.

Takes Rome, 223. Reduces and kills
Teias, the last king of the Goths, 224.
Defeats the Franks and Allemanni,
227. Governs Italy in the capacity of
exarch, 229. His disgrace and death,

309.

Naulobatus, a chief of the Heruli, enters

into the Roman service, and is made
consul, i. 243.

Navy of the Roman empire described, i.

32.

Nazarene church at Jerusalem, account
of, i. 339.

Nazarius, the pagan orator, his account

of miraculous appearances in the sky
in favour of Constantine the Great, ii.
208.

Nebridius, prætorian præfect in Gaul, is

maimed and superseded, by his indis-
creet opposition to the troops of Julian,
ii. 299.

Negroes of Africa, evidences of their intel-
lectual inferiority to the rest of man-
kind, ii. 450.

Nectarius is chosen archbishop of Con-
stantinople, iii. 79.

Nennius, his account of the arrival of the
Saxons in Britain, different from that
of Gildas, Bede, and Witikind, iii. 492,
note.

Nepos, Julius, is made emperor of the
West by Leo the Great, iii. 407.
Nepotian, account of his revolt in Italy,
ii. 122.

Nero persecutes the Christians as the in-
cendiaries of Rome, ii. 21.
Nerva, emperor, his character, and pru-
dent adoption of Trajan, i. 81.

Nestorius, archbishop of Constantinople,
his character, iv. 394. His heresy con-
cerning the incarnation, 395. His dis
pute with Cyril of Alexandria, 396. Is
condemned and degraded from his
episcopal dignity, by the council of
Ephesus, 399. Is exiled, 402. His death,
403. His opinions still retained in Per-
sia, 426. Missions of his disciples in
the East Indies, 428.

Nevers, John, count of, disastrous fate of
him and his party at the battle of Nico-
polis, v. 254.

Nice becomes the capital residence of sul-
tan Soliman, v. 484. Siege of, by the
first crusaders, 521.
Nicephorus I. emperor of Constantinople,
v. 27. His wars with the Saracens, 311.
His death, 391.

Nicephorus II. Phocas, emperor of Con-
stantinople, v. 42. His military enter.
prises, 328.

Nicephorus III. Botaniates, emperor of
Constantinople, v. 51. Was raised
to the throne by sultan Soliman,

482.

Ossian, his poems, whether to be connect-
ed with the invasion of Caledonia by
the emperor Severus, i. 128. Is said to
have disputed with a Christian mission-
ary, 447, note.

Ostia, the port of, described, iii. 224.
Othman, caliph of the Saracens, v. 189.
Othman, the father of the Ottomans, his
reign, vi. 184.

Otho I. king of Germany, restores and ap-
propriates the Western empire, v. 111.
Claims by treaty the nomination of the
pope of Rome, 114. Defeats the Turks,
398.

Otho II. deposes pope John XII. and chas-
tises his party at Rome, v. 117.
Otho, bishop of Frisingen, his character
as a historian, vi. 355, note.
Ottomans, origin and history of, vi. 184.
They obtain an establishment in Europe,

190.

Ovid is banished to the banks of the Da-
nube, ii. 133.
Oxyrinchus, in Egypt, monkish piety of
that city, iii. 418.

P.

Pecatus, his encomium on the emperor
Theodosius the Great, iii. 95.
Pæderasty, how punished by the Scatinian
law, iv. 296. By Justinian, 298.
Pagan, derivation and revolutions of the
term, ii. 286, note.

Paganism, the ruin of, suspended by the
divisions among the Christiaus, ii. 287.
Theological system of the emperor Ju-
lian, 324.

General review of the ecclesiastical
establishment and jurisdiction of, before
it was subverted by Christianity, iii.112.
Is renounced by the Roman senate,
116. The pagan sacrifices prohibited,
118. The temples demolished, 119. The
ruin of, deplored by the sophists, 129.
Pagan ceremonies revived in Christian
churches, 134.

Palæologus Constantine, Greek emperor,
his reign, vi. 293. Is killed in the
storm of Constantinople by the Turks,

323.

Palæologus, John, emperor of Constanti-
nople, vi. 152. Marries the daughter
of John Cantacuzene, 158. Takes up
arms against Cantacuzene, and is re-
duced to flight, 160. His restoration

161. Discord between him and his
sons, 197. His treaty with pope Inno-

Palæologus, Manuel, associated with his
father John, in the Greek empire, vi.
197. Tribute exacted from him by sul-
tan Bajazet, 198. His treaty with So-
liman and Mahomet, the sons of Baja-
zet VI. 228. His visit to the courts of
Europe, 239. Private motives of his
European negotiations explained, 247.
His death, 248.

Palæologus, Michael, emperor of Nice,
his brief replies to the negotiations of
Baldwin II. emperor of Constantinople,
vi. 107. His family and character,
123. His elevation to the throne, 125.
His return to Constantinople, 127.
Blinds and banishes his young associate
John Lascaris, 128. He is excommu-
nicated by the patriarch Arsenius, 129.
Associates his son Andronicus in the
empire, 130. His union with the Latin
church, 131. Instigates the revolt of
Sicily, 137.
Palatines and Borderers, origin and na-
ture of these distinctions in the Roman
troops, ii. 101.

Palermo taken by Belisarius by stratagem,
iv. 127.

Palestine, a character of, i. 37.
Paladium of Rome described, iii. 38,
note.

Palladius, the notary, sent by Valenti-
nian to Africa, to inquire into the go-
vernment of count Romanus, connives
with him in oppressing the province,
ii. 445.

Palmyra, description of, and its destrue-
tion by the emperor Aurelian, i. 276.
Panatius was the first teacher of the
Stoic philosophy at Rome, iv. 257,

note.

Pandects of Justinian, how formed, iv:

262.

Panhypersebastos, import of that title in
the Greek empire, v. 346.
Pannonia, described, i. 35.
Pantheon at Rome, by whom erected, i

54, note. Is converted into a Christian
church, iii. 120.

Pantomimes, Roman, described, iii. 214.
Paper, where and when the manufacture
of, was first found out, v. 214.
Papinian, the celebrated lawyer, created
prætorian præfect, by the emperor Se-
verus, i. 123. His death, 132.