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POPULATION OF SOME OF THE PRINCIPAL CITIES AND PERCENTAGE OF THEIR GERMAN POP

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THE FOLLOWING TABLE SHOWS THE INCREASE OF THE POPULATION OF THE CITY OF NEW

8,100

50,280

32

16,064

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In our estimate we calculated the increase only to 5 per cent per annum0.69 per cent less than the average of 60 years.

The number of the population of Philadelphia was increased in an extraordinary manner by the consolidation of the city and county into one great city, June, 1854. By the same act the percentage of German population was considerably augmented by the incorporation of Germantown, Frankfort, and other boroughs.

ROXBURY AND ITS POPULATION.

The following table shows the decennial increase of population in Roxbury since 1830

1830. 5,247

1840.
9,089

1850. 18,316

1860. 36,000

This includes the population of West Roxbury. The table shows a popula tion doubling every ten years, and increasing 30,000 in thirty years, against an increase of only 3,021 in the preceding forty years.

POPULATION AND AREA OF THE STATES OF MEXICO.

The anti-commercial turbulance of our neighbors continues in a manner that must bring regret to the minds of all reasonable people, and prevent much extension of the natural resources. The following are the States of Mexico, with the population of each, and the area in English square miles :

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A cotemporary states that the average length of life in this country is diminishing at an alarming rate, it having sunk in the three principal cities as fol

lows:-

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According to the official statistics received from the East, the.population of Java and Madura amounts to 20,331 Europeans, 138,356 Chinese, 24,615 Arabians and other foreign Orientals, 11,405,596 free natives, and 5,260 native serfs, making together a total of 11,594,158. The increase of the year was 303,708, being something under 3 per cent. The number of native chieftains or princes is 106,105, and that of the native priests is stated to be 56,993. The population of the other Dutch possessions in the Eastern Archipelago is 5,477,540, making a grand total of more than 17,000,000 under Dutch laws and under the Dutch flag.

ENLARGEMENT OF PARIS.

On the morning of January 1st, 1860, the whole circumference of Paris stepped out a mile, and drew within its embrace three hundred thousand new inhabitants. Paris now contains a population of a million and a half. When completed, the new city will be thirty miles in circumference, with ninety-two gates. The old control wall is to be converted into a boulevard, and planted with trees, and will constitute the largest street in the world.

MERCANTILE MISCELLANIES.

A VOYAGE DOWN THE AMOOR.

RUSSIAN MERCANTILE HOSPITALITY.

Though the wine continued to flow, says a recent traveler, I really hoped that the dinner was over. I could not now see much room for its continuance, and I was sure there could not be much more room within the company. Finally, the Golovah rose, and the dinner ended, and with it, as I supposed, the drinking also; but I was mistaken. We adjourned to the coffee-room, where tea and coffee were both served; the tea really delicious, the purest herb of China. I drank very freely of it, for I hoped it would counteract the effects of the wine. As soon as politeness would seem to justify, we rose to depart. In the meantime, the dining-room had been cleared of every vestige of the dinner, tables and all, and was now occupied by groups in animated conversation.

As soon as we entered the apartment, servants, bearing trays loaded with glasses, foaming with champagne, approached, and the Golovah pressed us to take the parting glass. This it was idle to refuse, so we drank, as we supposed, for the last time. Presently I noticed a pretty dense circle encompassing PEYTON, and in an instant he was seized by half a dozen stout, jolly merchants, and tossed up in the direction of the ceiling. Fortunately it was not a very low one, or else he must have gone through the roof. Down he came, however, into the hands of his tormentors, who sent him up again, if anything higher than ever, the most uproarious mirth and laughter prevailing. My companion was not a small man, or a light one, but he was no more than a feather in the hands of these portly Siberians.

This sport is called in Russian podkeedovate, or tossing up, and is considered a mark of great respect. Gen. MOURAVIEFF told me, after our return, that he

had podkeedovate performed upon him in the same room.

During the performance I stood half-aghast, looking at the figure PEYTON was cutting, a man six feet high and well-proportioned, going up and down like a trap-ball, his coat tail flying sky-high and his face as red as a brick. I was all the time consoling myself that they had administered this extra touch of hospitality to PEYTON because they considered him the most worthy and the best able to stand it, and I said to BEETSOW, "I hope one tossing for the American nation will be considered honor enough." He replied, "Your turn will very likely come, too."

Servants again came

After a while PEYTON came down and staid down. around, and we had to drink champagne. I had just emptied my glass and placed it on the waiter, when, without a moment's warning, I was seized and up I went. Being much lighter than PEYTON, and handled after him by these stout, and now very jovial and merry fellows, I have a distinct recollection of touching the ceiling. My coat-tail certainly did, and what I thought at first a piece of good for tune, now proved to be otherwise, for, having taken PEYTON'S gauge with regard to weight, they did not take into consideration my lightness, and I came near going through the top of the house. Up I went and down I came, only to go up again, until my friends were satisfied that if I was not drunk before, my head

would certainly swim now. However, I was able to stand when I came to my feet, which was more than I calculated upon when tossing between the floor and ceiling.

Of course, we had to all take another drink. By this time PEYTON and I were working our way towards the door, in order to evacuate this citadel of hospitality, and finally succeeded in reaching our sleigh, which was standing near the entrance of the house; we had, however, to partake of the stirrup cup after we were seated, and thus ended one of the most extraordinary, and, barring the overflow of wine, one of the most agreeable dinners I ever partook of.

EXCITEMENT THE STIMULUS OF BUSINESS.

It has been very truthfully said that one-half of mankind do not know how the other half live-they have no clear conception of the toil, the struggle, the sacrifices, and the continual pressure of anxiety which is necessary to draw the fleeting breath of human life for a few years. Nor is it best they should know the "heart ache and the thousand ills" produced by those very refinements which minister to their happiness and pride of life; the revelation could do no good aside from a transient sympathy and commiseration. No permanent or general solace of care can ever be found—and the sternness of fortune must be met in a philosophical spirit. The conditions of life are fixed not altogether from choice, or forethought, or skill, but by an extraneous power, that "shapes our ends, rough hew them as we may."

There is a numerous class of minds that live almost entirely upon excitements. In a calm dispassionate flow of life and business they are stupid and powerless, but stir up the placed sea until it surges with violence, and they are then ready for a mission-armed and equipped for the toil of life. Such minds are the martyrs of this age of enlightenment-the life they lead is a consuming one, and vitality is spent with a prodigality more than heroic. The requirements of business are making this method of living more imperative, and without it success is beyond a reach. Half a century since the rivalries now experienced in all departments of human industry were then unknown. A new order of mind and new energies are called into requisition. The business man of the last generation would hardly be recognized by the prevailing caste. Flesh and blood are capable of enduring many hardships, but the delicate nervous organization, its accompaniment, breaks down at length under the incessant tension. Disregarding the friendly premonitions of temporary illness, the exhausted mind holds on its work by the necessary and agreeable stimulus of fresh excitements, until a sudden reaction crushes its vigor, and then comes on the weakness, satiety, and sorrow of hopeless infirmity.

It is not without a shade of melancholy that we notice in almost every daily journal the record of a faltering in the ranks of business men. This successful merchant has impaired his health by overwork, which means too much nervous excitement, and he starts for Europe in the hope of building up his health on a broken foundation. Another professional man is aroused from his dream of ambition with the frightful conviction that phthysis has fastened its deadly grasp upon his vitals, and the grim images of weakness and decay henceforward fill his vision. There has been an alarming increase of disease within a few years, having its origin in the causes we have named, and the effect of it should be to

produce greater moderation. What if the profits are less? They can be continued longer and life made happier.

There is no necessity for this waste of life-it is a sheer delusion, the effect of a foolish ambition. Better accept the heritage of poverty or a moderate success than the infallible necessity of an early disease.

DISCONTENT.

How universal it is. We never knew one who would say "I am contented." Go where you will, among the rich ard the poor, the man of competence, or the man who earns his bread by the daily sweat of his brow, and you hear the sound of murmuring and the voice of complaint. The other day we stood by a cooper, who was playing a merry tune with his adze around a cask. "Ah!" said he, "mine is a hard lot-forever trotting round like a dog, driving away at a hoop." "Heigho!" sighed our neighbor, the blacksmith, in one of the hot days, as he wiped the drops of perspiration from his brow, while his red hot iron glowed on the anvil; "this is life with a vengeance, melting and frying one's self over the fire." "Oh, that I were a carpenter !" ejaculated a shoemaker as he bent over his lap stone; "here I am, day after day, working my soul away in making soles for others, cooped up in this little seven by nine room." "I am sick of this out-door work," exclaims the carpenter, " broiling and sweating under the sun, or exposed to the inclemency of the weather-if I was only a tailor." “This is too bad," perpetually cries the tailor, "to be compelled to sit perched up here, plying my needle-would that mine was a more active life." Last day of grace the banks wont't discount-customers won't pay-what shall I do!" grumbles the merchant; "I had rather be a dray-horse-a dog-anything!" "Happy fellows!" groans the lawyer, as he scratches his head over some perplexing case, or pours over some dry record, "happy fellows! I had rather hammer stone than cudgel my brain on this tedious, vexatious question." And through all the ramifications of society, all are complaining of their condition— finding fault with their particular calling. If I were only this or that, or the other, I should be content," is the universal cry-"anything but what I am." So wags the world, so it has wagged, and so it will wag.

LEARN THE VALUE OF MONEY.

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A silver dollar represents a day's work of the laborer. If it is given to a boy, he has no idea of what it has cost, or of what it is worth. He would be as likely to give a dollar as a dime for a top or any other toy. But if the boy has learned to earn his dimes and dollars by the sweat of his face, he knows the difference. Hard work is to him a measure of values that can never be rubbed out of his mind. Let him learn by experience that a hundred dollars represents a hundred weary days' labor, and it seems a great sum of money. A thousand dollars is a fortune, and ten thousand is almost inconceivable, for it is far more than he ever expects to possess. When he has earned a dollar, he thinks twice before he spends it. He wants to invest it so as to get the full value of a day's work for it. It is a great wrong to society and to a boy, to bring him up to man's estate without this knowledge. A fortune at twenty-one, without it, is almost inevitably thrown away. With it and a little capital to start on, he will make his own fortune better than any one can make it for him.

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