cu, as in our; th, as in thin; тH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. lo-nee'-å, Anc. Gr. Kɛpaλλquia, Lat. Cephalle'nia), the largest of the Ionian Islands, situated near the W. coast of Greece, between 38° 4' and 38° 29′ N. Lat., and 20° 20′ and 20° 47′ E. Lon. Length, from N.N.W. to S. S. E., 31 m. Area about 348 sq. m. Pop. in 1833, 56,447. (P. C.) -Adj. and inhab. CEPH-A-LO-NI-ẠN.

CE-RAM (Port. pron. s-roung) or SER-ANG', after Gilolo, the largest of the Molucca Islands, situated between 2° 50′ and 4° S. Lat., and 127° 50′ and 131° 10′ E. Lon. Its length is 185 m.; its average breadth about 30 m.

CERIGO, chr-e-go, (the ancient Cythe'ra; Gr. Kvenpa,) one of the Ionian Islands, lying S. of the Morea, 25 m. E. of Cape Matapan. Length about 20 m.; greatest breadth about 10 m.

CERVERA, S'R-val-ra, a t. of Spain, in Catalonia, 38 m. N. by E. of Tarragona, with a university. Pop. 6,080. (M.)

CERVIA, CheR-ve-å, a t. of Italy, in the Papal State, on the Adriatic, about 12 m. S. E. of Ravenna. Pop. estimated at 4,000. (B.)

CESENA, chi-sV-nå, a t. of Italy, in the Papal State, 34 m. Ñ. N. W. of Urbino. Pop. estimated at 12,000. (B.)

CÉVENNES, så-venn', (Anc. Ceven'na or Ceben'na,) a chain of mountains in the S. of France, in the deps. of Lozère, Gard, Upper Loire, and Ardèche.

CEYLON, sil-one or see/-lon, (called by the natives Sin-ghål-lå; by the Portuguese CEILÃO, she-loung', of which the English name Ceylon is a corruption: Anc. Taprobăne,) a large island on the coast of Hindostan, belonging to Great Britain, between 5° 54′ and 9° 50′ N. Lat., and 79 50 and 82° E. Lon. It is separated, on the N. W., from the continent of India by the Gulf of Manaar. Its length is about 270 m.; its greatest breadth 145 m. Area 24,664 sq. m. The vegetable and animal productions of Ceylon, for the most part, resemble those of the neighbouring continent. This island contains numerous useful minerals and valuable gems. Iron is generally diffused. Plumbago abounds, and is exported in considerable quantities. The inhabitants of Ceylon are composed of the Singhalese, the original possessors of the island, the Malabars, who came as invaders from the opposite coast, the Mahometans or Moors, and a small proportion of Europeans and other foreigners. The pop., according to the census of 1833, was 1,126.808. (P. C.) Colombo is the capital.-Adj. and inhab. SINGUA-LESE' OF CINGALESE, and CEYLONESE, sil-o-nezel. The former is more properly applied to the primitive inhabitants, and to that portion of the island which is at present occupied by them; the latter to the inhabitants and the island, in general.

Châlons-sur-Marne, shâ`-lônꞌ sûr marn, (Anc. Catalau'ni and Durocatalau'ni,) a t. of France; cap. of the dep. of Marne, on the river Marne, about 90 m. E. of Paris. Lat. 48° 57′ N., Lon. 4° 22′ E. Pop. 12,930. (B.)

CHALONS-SUR-SAÔNE, shâ'-loN' SÜR sône, a t. of France, in the dep. of Saône and Loire, on the Saône, at the termination of the Central Canal (canal du Centre). It is the most commercial and populous

Fate, får, fåll, fât; me, mit; pine or pine, pin; n), not; õõ as in good,

place in the department. Lat. 46° 46′ N., Lon. 4° 52′ E. 12,000. (B.)

Pop.

CHAMBERS, chamel-berz, a co. in the E. part of Ala., bordering on the Chattahoochee r. Pop. 17,333. Co. t. La Fayette.

CHAMBERSBURG, chamel-berz-burg, a thriving t. of Pa.; cap. of Franklin co., 46 m. S. W. of Harrisburg. Pop. 3,239.

CHAMBÉRY, sham/-ber-re, or sham-ba-re, an archiepiscopal town, the most important in all Savoy, and the cap. of Savoy proper, is situated about 12 m. from the left bank of the Rhone. Among its public institutions we may mention the Royal College, and the Academy of Sciences, called the Academy of Savoy. Lat. 45° 39′ N., Lon. 5° 53′ E. Pop. about 11,000. (P. C.)

CHAMBLY, sham/-ble, or SO-RELLE', a r. of Lower Canada, which forms the outlet of L. Champlain. Length above 80 m. It is navigable for river barges through its whole course.

CHAMOUNY, Sha-moo-ne', sometimes written Chamonix, (Fr. pron. shâ`-moo`-ne',) a celebrated and romantic valley of Savoy, situated at the foot of Mont Blanc, and containing a village of the same name. Lat. 45° 56' N., Lon. 6° 47′ E.

CHAMPAGNE, Shảм`-påñ', a former prov. of France, now divided into the deps. of Aisne, Ardennes, Aube, Marne, Upper Marne, and Yonne. CHAMPAIGN, sham-pane', a co. in the W. central part of Ohio. Pop. 16,721. Co. t. Urbana.

CHAMPAIGN, & Co. in the E. part of Ill., on the sources of the Kaskaskia r. Pop. 1,475. Co. t. Urbana.

CHAMPLAIN, sham`-plane', a lake of the U. S., lying between New York and Vermont. Length 128 m.; greatest breadth about 20 m. The superficial extent is between 600 and 700 sq. m. Its outlet is the

Chambly r.

CHANDELEUR (shan`-del-oor') ISLANDS are situated off the S. E. coast of La., and separated from the main land by Chandeleur Bay.

CHANTILLY, ShaN'-teel`-ye' or shån`-te-ye' (see Int. XIX., 18), a small

t. of France, in the dep. of Oise, 23 m. N. of Paris.

CHAP-EL HILL, a t. of N. C., in Orange co., 27 m. W. N. W. of Raleigh, the seat of the University of North Carolina, founded in 1789. CHARENTE, sha`-RåNt', a r. in the S. W. of France, which flows into the Bay of Biscay, opposite the i. Oléron. Its whole length is 184 m. CHARENTE, a dep. of France, intersected by the above r. Pop. 365,126. (B.) Capital, Angoulême.

CHARENTE, LOWER (Fr.Charente-Inférieure,shå`-rånt' âN`-fa`-re-UR'), a dep. of France, adjoining the above, and bordering on the Bay of Biscay. Pop. 449,649. (B.) Capital, La Rochelle.

CHARITON, char-re-ton, a co. in the N. part of Mo., bordering on the r. Missouri. Pop. 4,746. Co. t. Keytesville, keets/-vill.

CHARKOW. See KHARKOF.

CHARLES, a co. in the S. W. part of Md., bordering on the Potomac. Pop. 16,023. Co. t. Port Tobacco.

ou, as in our; th, as in thin; TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. CHARLES CITY, a co. in the E. part of Va., N. of, and bordering on James r. Pop. 4,774. Seat of justice, Charles City c. h.

CHARLES RIVER, in Mass., flows into Boston harbour.

CHARLES, ST., a parish in the S. E. part of La., W. of New Orleans, and bordering on L. Pontchartrain. Pop. 4,700.

CHARLES, ST., a co. in the E part of Mo., on the N. side of the Missouri r., at its mouth. Pop. 7,911. Co. t. St. Charles.

CHARLES-TON, a dist. of S. C., S. of the Santee r., bordering on the sea. Pop. 82,661.

CHARLESTON, a port of entry, and the largest city of S. C.; cap. of the above dist., on a tongue of land between the rivers Ashley and Cooper, which unite immediately below the town, and form a spacious harbour, communicating with the ocean at Sullivan's Island, 7 m. below. The town is regularly built, and many of the streets present a handsome appearance. Charleston is connected with Hamburg, on the Savannah, by a railroad, 135 m. in length. Among the numerous charitable establishments of Charleston, may be cited the Orphan Asylum, which is amply endowed, and is one of the most remarkable buildings in the place. Of the literary institutions, we may mention the Charleston College, founded in 1795, and the Charleston Library, which contains about 15,000 vols. The citizens of Charleston are distinguished for their hospitality and refinement, and perhaps no place in the United States affords more agreeable society. In winter this city is particularly pleasant as a residence, and is much resorted to by persons from other parts of the Union. Lat. 32° 46′ N., Lon. 79° 57′ W. Pop. 29,261.

CHARLES-TOWN, a t. of Middlesex co., Mass., near Boston, with which it is connected by three bridges. It may not improperly be regarded as a suburb of that city. Pop. 11,484. Here is a U. S. navy yard.

CHARLEVILLE, sharl`-vil', a t. of France, in the dep. of Ardennes, in the immediate vicinity of Mézières. Pop. in 1832, 7,400. (P. C.) CHARLEVOIX, shar'-le-voi', (Kishkawkee,) a co. of Mich., bordering on L. Michigan, near its N. extremity.

CHARLOTTE, shar/-lot, a co. in S. part of Va., bordering on Staunton r. Pop. 11,595. Seat of justice, Charlotte c. h.

CHARLOTTESVILLE, shar/-lots-vil, a t. of Va.; the cap. of Albemarle co., and the seat of the University of Virginia, founded in 1819. This institution was planned by Jefferson, and is munificently endowed by the state. Distant 86 m. W. N. W. of Richmond.

CHARTRES, shartr, (Lat. Au/tricum,) an ancient city of France, the cap. of the dep. of Eure and Loire, situated on the Eure, 46 m. S. W. by W. of Paris. Its cathedral is the largest in France, and one of the most magnificent gothic edifices in Europe. The spire rises to the height of 378 French ft., or 402 English ft. from the ground. Lat. 48° 27 N., Lon. 1° 29′ E. Pop. 14,000. (B.)

CHA-TAU-QUE, & co. on L. Erie, forming the S. W. extremity of N. Y. Pop. 47,975 Co. t. Mayville.

Fåte, får, fåll, fât; mẻ, met; pine or pine, pin; n3, nôt; õõ, as in good;

CHATEAUGUAY, Shåt`-o-gay', a small r. which rises in N. Y., and joins the St. Lawrence in Lower Canada.

CHÂTEAUDUN, shâ`-to`-dux', a t. of France, in the dep. of Eure and Loire, on the r. Loire. Lat. 48° 5' N., Lon. 1° 18′ E. Pop. in 1832, 6,461. (P. C.)

CHÂTEAU-GONTHIER, shâ'-to`-gon`-te'-, a t. of France, in the dep. of Mayenne, on the r. Mayenne. Lat. 47° 50' N., Lon. 0° 41′ W.

Pop. in 1832, 6,143. (P. C.)

CHÂTEAUROUX, shâ`-to`-roo', a t. of France, the cap. of the dep. of Indre, on the r. Indre. Lat. 46° 48′ N., Lon. 1° 40′ E. Pop. 12,000. (B.)

CHAT-EL-ARAB. See SHATT-EL-ARAB.

CHÂTELLERAULT, shâ'-tell-ro', a t. of France, in the dep. of Vienne, on the r. Vienne, celebrated for its manufactures of cutlery. Lat. 46° 50' N., Lon. 0° 32′ E. Pop. in 1832, 9,437. (P. C.)

CHAT-HAM, a t. of England, in Kent, about 30 in. E. by S. from London. In that part called Brompton (brump'-ton) are extensive naval and military establishments, with an immense arsenal, and a dock-yard nearly a mile in length, and capable of receiving vessels of the largest size. Pop. of the t., including Brompton, 21,431.

CHATHAM, a co. in the central part of N. C., on the head streams of the Cape Fear r. Pop. 16,242. Co. t. Pittsborough.

CHATHAM, & Co. forming the E. extremity of Ga., between the Savannah and Ogeechee rivers, and bordering on the sea.

Co. t. Savannah.

Pop. 18,601. CHAT-TA-HOO-CHEE, a r. of Ga., which joins the Flint river, to form the Appalachicola. Its whole course is 450 m., and it is navigable for steamboats about 300 m.

CHAT-TOO-GA, a co. near the N. W. extremity of Ga., bordering on Ala. Pop. 3,438.

CHAUDIÈRE, sho'-de-air', a r. of Lower Canada, which joins the St. Lawrence on the right, a few miles above Quebec. Near its mouth there is a beautiful fall, stated to be more than 100 ft. in height.

CHAUMONT, Shō`-mon', the cap. of the dep. of Upper Marne, in France, situated on the Marne. Lat. 48° 7' N., Lon. 5° 8' E. Pop. 6,000. (B.)

CHAUMONT, commonly pronounced sho`-mo', a village of N. Y., in Jefferson co., on a bay of the same name, on L. Ontario.

CHELMSFORD, the cap. of the co. of Essex, England, 28 m. N. E. by E. from London. Entire pop. of the parish, 6,789.

CHELSEA, chel'-se, formerly a village, but now constituting a portion of the suburbs of London, is situated on the N. bank of the Thames. Here is the Royal Hospital for invalid soldiers.

CHELTENHAM, chelt/-num, a beautiful t. of England, in Gloucestershire, 88 m. W. by N. from London, celebrated for its mineral springs. Pop. of the parish, with an area of 6 sq. m., 31,411. The increase, since 1831, is upwards of 8,000.

ou, as in our; th, as in thin, TH, as in this; N, nearly like ng. CHEMNITZ, Kem'-nits, an important manufacturing t. of Germany, in Saxony. Lat. 50° 50' N., Lon. 12° 52′ E. Pop. 23,000. (B.) CHEMUNG, she-mung/, a co. in the S. part of N. Y., intersected by the Tioga r., and bordering on Pa. Pop. 20,732. Co. t. Elmira.

CHENANGO, she-nang-go, a co. in the S. central part of N. Y., intersected by the E. branch of the Susquehanna. Pop. 40,785. Co. t. Norwich.

CHEP-STOW, a commercial t. and port of England, in Monmouthshire, on the Wye, 110 m. W. of London. Pop. of the parish, 3,366. CHER, share, a dep. nearly in the centre of France. Pop. 276,853. (B.) Capital, Bourges.

CHERBOURG, sher/-burg, or share`-boon', a fortified city and seaport of France, on the N. coast of the dep. of Manche, and one of the princi pal stations of the French navy. Lat. 49° 38′ N., Lon. 1° 40′ W. Pop. above 18,000. (B.)

CHER -O-KEE', a co. forming the W. extremity of N. C. Pop. 3,427. CHEROKEE, a co. in the N. part of Ga., intersected by the Etowah r. Pop. 5,895. Co. t. Canton.

CHEROKEE, a co. in the N. E. part of Ala., bordering on Ga. Pop. 8,773.

CHER -O-KEES, a noble and once powerful tribe of Indians, who formerly possessed the southern portion of the Appalachian mountains and a large tract of country on both sides of this range. In 1809 their number amounted to 12,359; but it had since considerably diminished, when, at length, in 1838, all the Cherokees who were in Georgia, constituting a large majority of those who still remained, were removed to the W. of the Mississippi, by the order of the U. S. government. The Cherokees have been considered the most civilized of all the American Indians. They have a written language; the alphabet, which was invented by a native Cherokee, consists of 85 characters. Previously to their expulsion from Georgia, some of them are said to have become excellent and thriving farmers, so as to bear an advantageous comparison with the most skilful and industrious of this class, in the southwestern states.

Cherry Valley, a village of Otsego co., N. Y., 53 m. W. by N. from Albany. Pop. of township, 3,923.

CHERSO, KER-SO (Anc. Crepea) and OSERO, o'-sa-ro, (Anc. Absorus,) two islands in the Adriatic, belonging to Illyria, situated between 44° 28′ and 45° 12′ N. Lat., and 14° 16' and 14° 32′ E. Lon. United arca, 95 sq. m. Pop. 14,000. (M.) The two islands are connected by a bridge.

CHES-A-PEAKE, a large bay situated in the E. part of Md. and Va. It is nearly 200 m. in length; its average breadth is perhaps about 18 m. The Susquehanna enters it at the N. extremity, and the Potomac about 70 m. from its junction with the Atlantic.

CHESHIRE, a co. in the W. of England, celebrated for the excellence of its cheese. The name is an abbreviation of Chester shire, or county of Chester. Pop. 395,660.