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contribution of his culture, skill and labor, whereby he adds to the progress, population and well-being of the countries of America;

5. Immigration continues to be considered necessary and useful, conditioned upon adaptation to our medium, to our culture and to the democratic system which constitutes the ideal of the peoples of America;

6. Without any hint of its involving the slightest prejudice with respect to race, language or religion, the American governments must not ignore any social and economic problems which might give rise to uncontrolled waves of immigration,

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves: To recommend that, without racial, lingual or religious prejudice, the American governments adopt measures of a general nature for the purpose of orienting post-war immigration, conditioning the latter to adaptation to our environment, to economic needs, to our culture and to the democratic system which constitutes the American ideal.

LXXX. REGULATION OF PRICES OF LAND FOR COLONIZATION WHEREAS:

1. The accomplishment of the objectives looking toward the social and economic improvement of rural workers, which is sought when legislating on colonization matters, depends upon the success of family farm units set up;

2. In view of the fact that the rural class, from which come the colonizers, lacks initial capital or has very little of it, it is necessary for the respective plans to be made on the basis of having the land paid for out of the products of the latter;

3. The purchase price of lands devoted to colonization, in general serves as the basis for granting land to colonizers,

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves: To recommend to the governments of the American countries the adoption of measures in order that the maximum sale price or the rent value of lands intended for state colonization be fixed on the basis of their productivity, unless special conditions permit them to convey the lands or grant their use and enjoyment gratuitously.

LXXXI. ORGANIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL COLONIES WHEREAS:

1. The accurate determination of the Economic Cultivation Unit is fundamental for the success of plans for state colonization;

2. Practice has shown that the establishment of agricultural colonies with inadequate working areas, particularly because of their lim

ited extent, results in economic failure for the families of rural workers comprising such colonies, thereby giving rise in the zones where they are located to problems of insufficient land;

3. By Economic Cultivation Unit should be understood the area of land assigned to a family farm nucleus, the products of which area, in addition to compensating fully for the costs of cultivation, permit the making of improvements in the social and economic conditions of the farmer and his family and in the technique of his farming operations, The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves: To recommend that the governments of the American countries adopt measures insuring that in the organization of agricultural colonies the lots constituting Economic Cultivation Units be adjusted to the agricultural objectives for which they are set up and to the ecologic-agricultural conditions of the zone in which they are located.

LXXXII. COLONIZATION AND RURAL ORGANIZATION PLANS WHEREAS:

1. The isolation, disorganization, misery and ignorance in which a great part of the American agricultural workers live is the principal cause of the stagnation of agriculture;

2. Although a solution of the problem in its present phase presents characteristics very difficult to control, owing to the continued existence of habits of colonial life, it is urgent that immediate measures be taken to solve it;

3. It is necessary to facilitate access to rural areas, so that any person or group of qualified persons may have available farming land and the necessary equipment to cultivate it, to an extent sufficient to assure for them decent living conditions;

4. It is desirable to link the interests and benefits of agriculture with those of industry, transportation and commerce in order to find a reasonable and fair economic-social basis;

5. A technically organized colonization supervised, organized and directed by the State may be considered the basic factor which will lead to a solution of the said problem;

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves:

To recommend that the American governments:

1. Intensify, in accordance with the needs of each individual country, colonization plans to permit grouping in organized production centers the human nuclei now dispersed over the American countryside. 2. Assign to the different groups areas offering the best possibilities for their prompt economical liberation and social prosperity.

3. Adopt measures facilitating the subdivisions of land and promoting the formation of cooperatives through the granting of adequate agricultural credit, diversification of crops, and improvement of distribution methods.

WHEREAS:

LXXXIII. IMPROVEMENT OF RURAL LIFE

1. Living conditions vitally affect the health and working efficiency of people, and the human satisfactions to be derived from occupation and place of residence;

2. The esteem with which farming as a way of life is held depends upon comparative levels of living of various population groups;

3. The advancement of standards of rural living and of agriculture requires community and governmental as well as family endeavor, The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves:

1. To recommend that, in accordance with the recommendations of the Second Inter-American Conference on Agriculture held in Mexico in 1942, the agenda of the next Conference include as subjects for special consideration the importance of improving home conditions and raising the standards of living of rural families, and consideration of methods by which this can be accomplished.

2. To recommend that rural sociologists, agricultural economists, home economists and other social scientists of each country be invited to assist in drawing up the agenda and preparing material, and participate in the conference discussions.

LXXXIV. BASES FOR FARM LABOR LEGISLATION

WHEREAS:

1. The farm laborer and his family have not enjoyed the social and material progress of recent times, during which living and working conditions of the city worker have been improved, and in harmony with the aspirations expressed in the Preamble of the United Nations World Charter approved at the San Francisco Conference, the level of the rural population must be raised in order to place within its reach the advantages of civilized life.

2. The importance of adequate and modern legislation to protect the farm laborer constitutes the essential foundation for the growth of communities;

3. From the standpoint of demography the rural laborer is the first factor in the formation of populated centers who advances into desert regions and prepares the environment suitable for immigration by improving the intensive working conditions through successive stages

up to industrial evolution, which facilitates the adaptation and assimilation of the immigrant by making him familiar with the language, customs and ways of the region;

4. Rural legislation must cover rural workers of all countries as the standard governing agricultural, livestock-raising and forestry work, The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves:

To request of the Pan American Union and the International Labor Organization:

(a) The study, as soon as possible, of the advisability of convoking the first Inter-American Farm Labor Congress to form the basis for farm labor legislation that will assure the well-being and social betterment of farm labor.

(b) The setting up of standards for the purpose of establishing the bases for attendance at the First Inter-American Farm Labor Congress.

For a better interpretation of this resolution, there are given below some suggestions concerning the subjects which the Inter-American Farm Labor Congress ought to study:

I. Classification of Farm Labor

(a) Human labor in relation to the value of the land and production;

(b) Daily and yearly productive capacity of the farm laborer;

(c) Statistics and censuses of farm labor under its various agricultural classifications for determining the excess or lack of labor in the establishment of the unemployment index;

(d) Production and distribution costs, with precise standards and methods for the determination thereof, their uniformity being reached by considering wages as a basic factor;

(e) Wages in general, minimum and maximum prices in particular;

(f) Cost of living of the farm laborer and its relation to his wages according to types of remuneration (cash, payment in kind, lodging, food, etc.);

(g) Schedule of items and subjects for the classification of labor.

II. Improvement of Labor and Living Conditions of the Rural Dweller

(a) Hygienic housing and food for rural laborers, hours of work, rest periods and recreation;

(b) Encouragement of the habit of saving;

(c) Efficient ways for organizing rural workers; systems of cooperatives;

(d) Systems and types of contracts between owners and tenants for working the land, share-cropping, hired hands, etc.

III. Labor and Rural Welfare Legislation

(a) Culture, and personal and civic instruction of the rural laborer; (b) Education of children of the tenant in their environment;

(c) Apprenticeship of minors and regulation of the labor of women and children; (d) Retirement insurance and other social welfare measures for the farm worker; (e) Systematizing of cultivation work (rotation, sowing, etc.) for the crop (storage; simple, combined, or coordinated transportation) in order to avoid expenses and simplify operations.

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IV. Economic Equilibrium

(a) Economic and social stability by means of systems intended to prevent agricultural depression;

(b) Diversification of production as a technical, economic and social problem; (c) Commercial orientation of production and its relation to domestic needs and exportable balances;

(d) Political study of prices and wages in order to agree upon their permanent relationship and equilibrium.

FOR A POPULATED

LXXXV. RURAL ECONOMIC GUIDE OR MANUAL FOR BETTER Knowledge OF THE SPARSELY COUNTRIES

WHEREAS:

1. The Latin American countries are not sufficiently well known and in the anticipation of new immigration movements and their subsequent colonization, it would be of mutual benefit to prepare a guide or manual of an economic and rural character, indicating the various regions of each country, their natural resources, types of land, condition, economic value, climate and means of communication and access;

2. Uninhabited regions, often little known, being the ones specially destined to receive the immigration currents, it is necessary to compile the existing scattered or fragmentary information, to supplement it with new data and to make it known to future settlers;

3. These publications can be issued with the available information without waiting for the preparation of complete maps, which will be made in due course,

The Third Inter-American Conference on Agriculture

Resolves: To recommend the official publication of economic-rural guides or manuals, in order to attract agricultural populations, national or foreign, to little-known regions; these publications to be reproduced in such languages as may be deemed desirable.

For a better understanding of this recommendation certain suggestions are made concerning the points which would be of interest to cover in the guide or manual of information on little-known regions of each Latin American country.

Rural Map

1. Lands used for annual or perennial crops: (a) intensive; (b) extensive

2. Lands with natural clearings, convertible for agricultural use

3. Lands with forests: (a) high, dense forests; (b) low forests; (c) clearings mixed with forests, etc.

4. Non-agricultural and unforested areas. Rocks, waters, etc.

5. Map of the distribution of the rural population

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