3. SECOND GENERAL COURSE, or "Combined Course," extending through four years. In this the languages studied were to be Latin and German, but otherwise it was essentially the same as the General Course. 4. "COMBINED COURSE ABRIDGED," extending to three years. 5. THIRD GENERAL COURSE, or "Classical Course," to be mainly like the First, but with the option of Ancient for Modern Languages. 6. "SCIENTIFIC COURSE," of three years, affording a general Scientific preparation for either of the first four Departments of the First Division. 7. SCIENTIFIC COURSE ABRIDGED; extending to two years. 8. OPTIONAL COURSE, of indefinite length, in which the students were allowed to pursue any studies for which they were fitted, and upon completion they were to receive certificates of the studies taken. Diplomas were to be issued upon completion of either course of four years, but it was to be thoroughly understood that no distinction should be made between them as to their value, and the Trustees pledged themselves to use every effort to prevent any Caste-spirit in any department or course as compared with another. It was determined from the beginning that the Resident Professors should hold their office for a limited term, to be renewed by election at the option of the Trustees. The equipment in the way of illustrative Collections, Apparatus and Library was to be ample and varied, extending to every branch of science taught, and sufficient to fully illustrate the subjects to which they related. Especially in the way of Philosophical Apparatus, nothing should be introduced but such as furnished the means for illustrating the latest results of research and for aiding new investigations. The preparations having been sufficiently advanced, the University was opened on the 7th of October, 1868, by the inauguration of the following resident Faculty of instruction and government: Hon. Andrew D. White, LL. D., President and Professor of History. Rev. William D. Wilson, D. D., LL. D., Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy and Registrar. Goldwin Smith, M. A., Oxon. Professor of English Constitutional History. Evan W. Evans, M. A., Professor of Mathematics. William Channing Russell, M. A., Professor of South European Languages and Literature, and Associate Professor of History. Eli Whitney Blake, M. A., Ph. D., Professor of Physics and Industrial Mechanics. George C. Caldwell, M. S., Ph. D., Professor of Agricultural Chemistry. James B. Crafts, S. B., Professor of General and Analytical Chemistry. Burt G. Wilder, S. B., M. D., Professor of Comparative Anatomy and Zoology. Major Joseph H. Whittlesey (U. S. A.), Professor of Military Science and Tactics, and Commandant (under appointment of U. S. Government). Lebbeus H. Mitchell, B. A., Ph. D., Professor of Mining and Metallurgy. Willard Fiske, M. A., Ph. D., Professor of North European Languages and Librarian, James Law, F. R., V. C., Professor of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery. Charles Fred. Hartt, A. M., Professor of General, Economic and Agricultural Geology. Albert W. Prentiss, M. S., Professor of Botany, Horticulture and Arboriculture. Homer B. Sprague, A. M., Professor of Rhetoric, Oratory and Vocal Culture. John L. Morris, A. B., C. E., Professor of Practical Mechanics and Director of the Machine Shop. T. Frederick Crane, A. M., Assistant Professor of German and Spanish. Ziba Hazzard Potter, A. M., M. D., Assistant Professor of Mathematics. James Morgan Hart, A. M., J. U. D., Assistant Professor of French and German. Lewis Spaulding, S. B., Assistant Professor of Agriculture, and Director of the Farm. Frank Wigglesworth Clark, S. B., Assistant in Chemistry. Henry Hughes, S. B., Assistant in Chemistry. Charles S. Chatfield (Captain U. S. A.), Assistant in Military Tactics. Several vacant Professorships remained to be filled. Courses of Lectures were arranged for non-resident Professors as follows: Professor Louis Agassiz, LL. D., Natural History. Twenty Lectures. Hon. John Stanton Gould, Mechanics applied to Agriculture. Twelve Lectures. James Hall, LL. D., Geology. Twelve Lectures. James Russell Lowell, M. A., English Literature. Twelve Lectures. Hon. George William Curtiss, M. A., Recent Literature. Twelve Lectures. Hon. Theodore W. Dwight, LL. D., Constitutional Law, and Lectures on the Constitution of the United States. Twelve Lectures. Eight other resident or non-resident professorships were named in the first announcement, as intended to be filled at an early day. During the two days preceding the inauguration, 314 students applied, were examined and admitted. From the report made of the operations and condition of the University up to January 1, 1869, it appears that there had then been erected two large stone buildings, four stories high, with dormitories for over three hundred students, and library, lecture and recitation-rooms, over thirty in number. Another similar building would be ready the next summer, and large buildings for laboratories and shops were nearly completed. Other buildings would soon be begun, including McGraw Hall,' costing $50,000, the gift of John McGraw, of Ithaca. The plan of organization has to some extent been modified by experience, but in its essential features it remains the same. New divisions of study have been organized as there was felt the need: some that were proposed have not been adopted, but the intention is not abandoned. Beginning with 19 Professors in 1869, it has now 27. It had 6 Associate and Assistant Professors at first, it now has 15. Of Instructors the number has increased from 1 to 8, but of non-Resident Professors the first number was 6, the highest number (in 1879) was 9, and the present number is 5. 1 Although this building was not then erected, a chime of bells presented by Miss Jennie McGraw had been received at the time of inauguration, and mounted temporarily for the occasion. It has since been placed in the tower of the McGraw building. The set of bells weighs about six thousand pounds, Without attempting to follow the changes that have been introduced, in the order of time, it will be sufficient to present an outline of the present course of studies, the Degrees conferred and the requirements, the facilities that have been provided, the statistics of operation, and the financial condition. The Faculty consists of a President, Professors, Associate Professors and Assistant Professors, and is aided by non-Resident Professors and Lecturers, and by Instructors and Examiners. It comprises the following Special Faculties: The Special Faculties constitute Standing Committees to which are referred questions relating to the Departments under their con trol, but their action is subject to the approval of the General Faculty. Studies of Undergraduate Classes (1884). Each course leading to a Bachelor's degree requires four years for its completion. In each year there are about thirty weeks of instruction, besides the time devoted to examinations at the close of each term. During each of these weeks the student is required to have at least fifteen recitations, or their equivalent in lectures, laboratory, or field-work, and in many cases the requirement is much greater. A large proportion of the studies in each course are optional, to be selected by the student in accordance with his own tastes and wants. There are five general courses of study - the Course in Arts, the Course in Literature, the Course in Philosophy, the Course in Science and the Course in Science and Letters. The Course in Arts answers to the usual Academic course of American Colleges. The Course in Literature, leading to the Degree of Bachelor of Literature, is based on Latin, without Greek, and designed for those who prefer studies of a specially literary nature. The Course in Philosophy, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Philosophy, is based on Latin, without Greek, and designed for those who prefer studies of a philosophical nature. The Course of Science, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science, is designed for those who wish to pursue studies relating chiefly to Natural Science, without Latin or Greek. The Course in Science and Letters, lead ing to the degree of Bachelor of Science, is designed for those who wish to pursue both scientific and literary studies, without Latin or Greek. The Special Courses are Agriculture, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Agriculture, and a three years' course not leading to a degree; Mechanic Arts, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering; Military Science; Architecture, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Architecture; Civil Engineering, four years' course, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Civil Engineering, also a five years' course, leading to the degree of Civil Engineer; Mathematics, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science; Chemistry and Physics, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science; Natural History, leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science; a two years' course preparatory to the study of Medicine, not leading to a degree; Ancient Classical Languages; Oriental Languages; Germanic Languages; Romance Languages; Literature; Philosophy and History and Political Science, not leading to a degree. Degrees. These are conferred as above, upon completion of course and satisfactory examinations. Only one degree can be taken at one com mencement. Advanced Degrees. Graduate courses of study leading to advanced degrees are provided for in the following general Departments: Chemistry and Physics, History and Political Science, Ancient Classical Languages and Literature, Modern European Languages and Literature, Oriental Languages and Literature, Mathematics, Natural History, Comparative Philology and Philosophy and Letters. The Master's degree in Arts or Science is conferred on Bachelors of Arts or Science who have spent at least one year in a course of graduate study in this University, and on non-resident graduates of this University, on the same conditions after three years. The degree of Master of Science is conferred on the same conditions on the graduates in Course of Philosophy. The degree of Civil Engineer is conferred on Bachelors of Civil Engineering after two years of study and practice, on passing the requisite examinations and presenting a satisfactory thesis. The degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine is conferred on Bachelors of Veterinary Science, who have spent two years in additional study, and passed satisfactory examinations thereupon. Female Students in Cornell University. The idea of admitting female students to the privileges of the 1873..... University did not form a part of the original plan. It was proposed in 1872, and much feeling was expressed against it on the part of some Trustees many Professors and most of the Undergraduates. To remove any objection that might be made on the ground of want of suitable accommodations, the Hon. Henry W. Sage in 1872 made an offer to the University to erect a proper building as a home for the lady students. The Corner Stone for this building was laid May 15, 1873, and an elegant structure known as SAGE COLLEGE FOR WOMEN was completed and ready to receive Students in September, 1874. The experience acquired since females were admitted has been decidedly favorable. They enjoy the same privileges of lectures, recitations and laboratory work as young men, are examined upon the same studies and receive the same degrees as found worthy. The least age at which they are received is seventeen years. The number that have attended and graduated from the beginning is shown in the following table: Female Students in Cornell University. YEARS ENDING IN |
