Of beaming sunny rays a golden tiar1 Glad was the Spirit impure, as now in hope His journey's end, and our beginning woe.3 In curls on either cheek played; wings he wore He drew not nigh unheard; the angel bright, Who in God's presence, nearest to his throne, That run through all the heavens, or down to th' earth O'er sea and land. (1) Tiar―tiara, or diadem-the ornamental headdress of Eastern princes. (2) Illustrious-bright, glossy. (3) Our beginning woe-the first cause of woe to us-a Latinism. (4) Casts-casts in his mind, contrives a plan. (5) Stripling cherub, &c.-" A finer picture of a young angel," says Newton, "could not be drawn by the pencil of Raphael than is here by the pen of Milton." (6) Prime-first or highest dignity. (7) His habit succinct-i. e. his robe was tucked or looped up for freedom of action; he was prepared for motion. (8) Decent-as the Latin decens, graceful, comely. (9) His eyes, &c.-" Those seven, they are the eyes of the Lord, which run to and fro through the whole earth." Zech. iv. 10. SATAN'S ADDRESS TO THE SUN.1 (Abridged.) O THOU! that, with surpassing glory crowned, Me some inferior angel, I had stood (1) "Paradise Lost," book iv. "The opening of this speech to the sun," says Addison, "is very bold and noble. It is, I think, the finest ascribed to Satan in the whole poem." The consummate skill, too, with which the poet describes the conflict of passions in the mind of Satan is commended by the same judicious critic. (2) This new world-Satan has now alighted on earth, and from the top of Mount Niphates thus addresses the sun, which "sat high in his meridian tower." The ruined archangel, the mighty orb of day, the lone mountain-summit, each the greatest of its kind, present in their combination a magnificent picture. (3) Worse ambition-worse, because it led to daring impiety and its retribution. (4) What could be, &c.-i. e. what service could be less hard, &c. (5) I'sdained-I disdained. (6) So burdensome, &c.-i. e. it being so burdensome, &c. Then happy; no unbounded hope had raised Or from without, to all temptations armed. Nay, cursed be thou; since against his thy will 2 PARADISE.1 So on he fares, and to the border comes Now nearer, crowns with her enclosure green, With thicket overgrown, grotesque and wild, (1) "Paradise Lost," book iv. This beautiful description has been compared with the finest specimens of the same kind, as Homer's description of the gardens of Alcinous, and of Calypso's shady grotto, Ariosto's of the garden of Paradise, Tasso's of the garden of Armida, and Marino's of the garden of Venus, and though doubtless a general imitation of some of them, is thought greatly to exceed them all. In reference to Milton's power of delineating external scenery, Macaulay remarks (“Edinburgh Review," vol. xlii.):-" Neither Theocritus nor Ariosto had a finer or a more healthful sense of the pleasantness of external objects, or loved better to luxuriate amidst sunbeams and flowers, the song of nightingales, the juice of summer fruits, and the coolness of shady fountains. His poetry reminds us of the miracles of Alpine scenery. Nooks and dells, beautiful as fairyland, are embosomed in its most rugged and gigantic elevations. The roses and myrtles bloom unchilled on the verge of the avalanche." (2) Fares-from the Anglo-Saxon far-an, to go-goes. We have the same element in "thoroughfare "-i. e. through-go. (3) Champaign head, &c.-Open top or table-land of a steep hill, whose rough and prickly sides were covered with a wild growth of thickets and bushes. Access denied; and over-head1 up grew Of stateliest view. Yet higher than their tops When God hath showered the earth; so lovely seemed : Meets his approach, and to the heart inspires Vernal delight and joy, able to drive All sadness but despair: now gentle gales, Native perfumes, and whisper whence they stole Of Araby the blest; with such delay Well pleased they slack their course, and many a league So entertained those odorous sweets the fiend Who came their bane. Beneath him with new wonder now he views, To all delight of human sense exposed, In narrow room, Nature's whole wealth, yea, more, (1) Overhead, &c.-i. e. overhead above these thickets, on the side of the hill likewise, grew the loftiest trees, rising one above another like the seats of an amphitheatre. (2) Verdurous wall-i. e. a sort of bank set with a green hedge, over which Adam could look downwards on Eden. All the scenery hitherto described is outside of the garden itself. (3) Fruit-here used in the sense of produce, including both blossoms and fruit. (4) Of pure, &c.-Of frequently implies change of circumstances, as in " Paradise Lost," book x., v. 720-"O miserable of happy." A heaven on earth: for blissful Paradise Of vegetable gold; and next to life, Our death, the Tree of Knowledge, grew fast by ;- How from that sapphire fount the crisped brooks, (1) Auran-i. e. Haran or Charræ, in Mesopotamia. (2) Telassar-See Isaiah xxxvii. 12. (3) Which, through, &c.-i. e. the water of the river being absorbed, it rose up through the mound placed upon it, and gushed out in the garden as a fountaina feat of enchantment scarcely harmonizing with the general character of the scene, in which nature is elevated and adorned, but not violated. |