(B) Administrative Work.

(1) Director of Scientific Work supervises all research work of department; general supervision of work of Office of Experiment Stations.

(a) Office of Experimental Stations administers the Agricultural Experimental Station Acts.14

(a1) State Experiment Stations.

(a2) Insular Experiment Stations in Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico, Guam, and Virgin Islands.

(a3) Experiment Station Record.

(2) Director of Regulatory Work supervises all regulatory work of department.

(3) Office of Personnel and Business Administration.15

(a) Personnel Branch.

(1) Personnel Office.-Prepares papers and maintains rec-
ords relating to appointments, promotions, transfers,
and other personnel matters.

(2) Personnel Classification Office.-Supervises and co-ordi-
nates work under the Classification Act of 1923.16
(3) Inspection.-Handles personnel matters requiring dis-
ciplinary action; assists in fiscal operations of
bureaus.

(3a) Personnel Section.

(3b) Fiscal Section.

(b) Chief Clerk.-Responsible for enforcement of general regulations of department; is custodian of buildings; per

forms other assigned functions.17

(b1) Mail and Files.

(b2) Telegraph and Telephones.

(b3) Mechanical Shops.

(b4) Business Section, Secretary's Office.

(b5) Watch Service.

(b6) Labor and Char Force.

(b7) Space Assignments and Maintenance of Buildings.

(b8) Post Office.

(c) Office of Purchase and Supplies.-Co-ordinates the purchase and sales functions of department.

(d) Division of Accounts.-Conducts the accounting work of all units of Office of the Secretary and the Bureau of Home Economics.18

14 Act March 2, 1887 (24 Stat. 440); Act March 16, 1906 (34 Stat. 64); Act Feb. 26, 1923 (42 Stat. 1292).

15 Created by memorandum letter of the Secretary No. 530, of April 17, 1925.

16 Act March 4, 1923 (42 Stat. 1488).

17 R. S. §§ 522, 523 (Comp. St. §§ 793, 794).

18 R. S. § 522 (Comp. St. § 793) and Act March 4, 1911 (36 Stat. 1258).

(e) Traffic Manager.-Co-ordinates traffic work of department. (4) Office of the Solicitor.-Furnishes legal advice and services to the Secretary and other officials of the department, and performs

all duties of a legal character in the enforcement of the regulatory laws administered by the department, as follows: 19

(a) Food and Drugs, Insecticides and Fungicides, and Seed Importation.

(b) Federal Aid Roads and Plant Quarantine.

(c) National Forests and Markets.

(d) Acquisition of Lands.

(e) Compilation of Laws.

(f) Meat Inspection, Animal Quarantines, Viruses, Patents, and Contracts.

(g) Wild Life Conservation, Estate Claims, and Fiscal Matters.

(5) Office of Editorial and Distribution Work.

(6) Library.20

(C) Director of Extension Work.-Supervises all extension work of department; directs activities of units engaged exclusively in extension work."1

(a) Farmers' Co-operative Demonstrations.

(b) Demonstrations on Reclamation Projects.

(c) Agricultural Exhibits.

(d) Motion Pictures.

(e) Agricultural Instruction.

(f) Collecting Seed Grain Loans.

(D) Bureaus.

(1) Weather Bureau. (See Chapter XXXVI, post.)

(2) Animal Industry.-Investigation, control, and eradication of diseases of animals, the inspection and quarantine of live stock, the inspection of meat and meat products, and animal husbandry. Administers Meat Inspection Act 22 and Virus Act.23

(3) Bureau of Dairying. This bureau is devoted to the dairy industry through the following general projects: Bacteriology and chemistry of milk; breeding and nutrition of dairy cattle; dairy cattle management; dairy sanitation; dairy plant management; market milk; the manufacture of dairy products and by-products; and the introduction into the field of new principles and methods of dairying.24

19 Act May 26, 1910 (36 Stat. 416).

20 R. S. § 522 (Comp. St. § 793).

21 Act Aug. 30, 1890 (26 Stat. 417, 419); Act March 4, 1907 (34 Stat. 1281); Act May 8, 1914 (38 Stat. 372-374 [Comp. St. §§ 8877a-8877h]); Act June 30, 1914 (38 Stat. 438).

22 Act March 4, 1907 (34 Stat. 1260), as amended by Act July 24, 1919 (41 Stat. 241). See, also, Act Sept. 21, 1922 (42 Stat. 923); Act May 29, 1884 (23 Stat. 31); Act March 3, 1891 (26 Stat. 1089); Act Sept. 21, 1922 (42 Stat. 891); Act Aug. 30, 1890 (26 Stat. 414); Act Feb. 2, 1903 (32 Stat. 791 [Comp. St. §§ 8698-8700]); Act March 3, 1905 (33 Stat. 1264); Act June 29, 1906, c. 3594 (34 Stat. 607 [Comp. St. §§ 8651-8654]). 23 Act March 4, 1913 (37 Stat. 828).

24 Act May 29, 1924, §§ 1-5 (43 Stat. 243). See, also, Act May 9, 1902 (32 Stat. 193).

(4) Bureau of Plant Industry.-The Bureau of Plant Industry consid-
ers plant life in all its relations to agriculture. The scientific work
of the bureau is divided into 30 distinct groups, over each of which
is placed a scientifically trained officer, who reports directly to the
chief and associate chief of the bureau. The work of the bureau
is conducted on the project plan, the investigations under each of
the offices being arranged by projects consisting of groups of close-
ly related lines of work.25

(5) Forest Service.-Administers the national forests; aids and advises
in timber growing on privately owned land; studies forest condi-
tions, methods of growing timber, and methods of forest utiliza-
tion; investigates the mechanical and physical properties of woods
and the processes employed in the manufacture of forest products;
and gathers information concerning the needs of the various wood-
using industries and the relation of forests to the public welfare
generally.

26

(6) Bureau of Chemistry.-Analysis and investigation under the Food
and Drugs Act, and Tea Inspection Act; 28 questions of agri-
cultural chemistry of public interest; and other chemical investi-
gations referred to it by the government.29

(7) Bureau of Soils.-Investigates the relation of soils to climate and
organic life; studies the texture and composition of soils in field
and laboratory; maps the soils; studies the cause and means of
preventing the rise of alkali in the soils of irrigated districts; the
relations of soils to seepage and drainage conditions; and the fer-
tilizer resources of the country.3 30

(8) Bureau of Entomology.-Studies insects in their relation to agriculture
and agricultural products and to the health of man and animals;
experiments with the introduction of beneficial insects; makes tests
with insecticides and insecticide machinery; and identifies insects
sent in by inquirers.31

25 R. S. 88 522, 523, 526 (Comp. St. §§ 793, 794, 818); Act June 3, 1902 (32 Stat. 303); Act Aug. 24, 1912, §§ 1-4 (37 Stat. 506 [Comp. St. §§ 8744-8747]); Act Aug. 11, 1916 (39 Stat. 453); Act April 23, 1904 (33 Stat. 283).

26 Act June 3, 1902 (32 Stat. 303); Act Feb. 1, 1905 (33 Stat. 628); Act March 3, 1891 (26 Stat. 1103 [Comp. St. § 5121]); Act June 4, 1897 (30 Stat. 34), amended by Act June 6, 1900, c. 804 (31 Stat. 661); Act June 25, 1910 (36 Stat. 847); Act Feb. 1, 1905 (33 Stat. 628); Act May 23, 1908 (35 Stat. 259); Act March 1, 1911 (36 Stat. 961); Act Oct. 1, 1890 (26 Stat. 651 [Comp. St. §§ 5210, 5211])'; Act June 7, 1924, c. 333, § 1 (43 Stat. 643); Act June 2, 1924, c. 230 (43 Stat. 252); Act June 3, 1924, c. 238 (43 Stat. 356); Act June 7, 1924 (43 Stat. 653); R. S. §§ 2461-2463, and many others. A compilation of these statutes will be found in "Laws Applicable to the Department of Agriculture," by O. H. Gates, 1924, c. 26. 27 Act June 30, 1906 (34 Stat. 768).

28 Act March 2, 1897 (29 Stat. 604).

29 R. S. §§ 522, 523 (Comp. St. §§ 793, 794); Act June 3, 1902 (32 Stat. 303).

30 Act June 3, 1902 (32 Stat. 303).

31 Act June 5, 1924 (43 Stat. 448, 449); Act Aug. 31, 1922 (42 Stat. 833 [Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, §§ 8716%, 8716a]).

(9) Bureau of Biological Survey.-Studies the distribution and habits of
native wild life, makes biological surveys of areas, and maps the
natural life zones of the country; investigates the relation of wild
birds and animals to agriculture and stock raising, with a view
to the control of the harmful and the conservation of the useful
species.32
(10) Bureau of Public Roads.-Administers the Federal Aid Road Act,33
under which the government co-operates with the states in im-
provement of roads of the 'federal aid highway system and na-
tional forest roads; studies systems of road management, admin-
istration and finance, methods of road construction and main-
tenance; tests road materials; conducts research with its own
forces solely and in co-operation with colleges, experiment station,
and state highway departments to determine the causes of road
depreciation and wear and devise better methods of road de-
sign; investigates methods of land irrigation and drainage; studies
farm power problems; and offers an advisory service in connec-
tion with all matters concerned with the application of engineering
and architectural principles to the farm and farm home.
(11) Bureau of Agricultural Economics.34-Investigations in the costs of
production and marketing, farm organization, farm financial re-
lations, farm labor, agricultural history and geography, land eco-
nomics, and the problems of rural life. The bureau also acquires
and disseminates information regarding the marketing and dis-
tributing of farm and nonmanufactured food products, and col-

32 Act May 25, 1900 (31 Stat. 187); Act June 3, 1902 (32 Stat. 285 [Comp. St. § 822]); Act May 31, 1920 (41 Stat. 715); Act Oct, 3, 1913, § 1, par. 478 (38 Stat. 157 [Comp. St. § 5291]); Act March 4, 1909, c. 321 (35 Stat. 1104, 1137); Act June 30, 1914 (38 Stat. 434); Act May 23, 1908 (35 Stat. 267 [Comp. St. § 5274]); Act March 4, 1909 (35 Stat. 1051); Act Aug. 10, 1912 (37 Stat. 293); Act March 4, 1913 (37 Stat. 847); Act July 3, 1918 (40 Stat. 755 [Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1919, §§ 8837a-8837m]); Act May 11, 1908 (35 Stat. 102 [Comp. St. §§ 3615-3621]); Act April 15, 1924, c. 108 (43 Stat. 98); Act May 11, 1922 (42 Stat. 525); Act June 7, 1924 (43 Stat. 650); Wichita Forest Reservation (33 Stat. 614 [Comp. St. §§ 5156-5158]); Grand Canyon Forest Reservation (34 Stat. 607 [Comp. St. §§ 5159-5161]); Custer State Park Game Sanctuary in South Dakota (41 Stat. 986 [Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, §§ 5277b-5277f]); Medicine Bow National Forest (42 Stat. 594); Sully's Hill National Park, North Dakota (38 Stat. 434 [Comp. St. § 5277a]); Upper Mississippi River Wild Life and Fish Refuge (43 Stat. 650); Protection of Game and Birds in Alaska (42 Stat. 555); Alaska Game Law Jan. 13, 1925 (Pub. No. 320, 68th Cong.).

33 Act July 11, 1916, §§ 1-10 (39 Stat. 355-359), as amended by Act Feb. 28, 1919, § 5 (40 Stat. 1201), as amended by Act June 19, 1922 (42 Stat. 660); Act Feb. 28, 1919, §§ 6, 7, 9 (40 Stat. 1201 [Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1919, §§ 7477j-7477n]); Act March 15, 1920 (41 Stat. 530, 531 [Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, §§ 6941f-6941k]); Act March 3, 1921 (41 Stat. 1349 [Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, § 7477kk]); Act Nov. 9, 1921 (42 Stat. 212-219 [Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1923, 88 74774 to 74772y]); Act June 19, 1922, § 4, pars. 1, 3, 6-8 (42 Stat. 660, 661]); Act June 5, 1924 (43 Stat. 451, 452); Act March 10, 1924 (43 Stat. 17).

34 Act June 30, 1914, c. 131 (38 Stat. 436); Act May 11, 1922, c. 185 (42 Stat. 532); Act May 23, 1908, c. 192 (35 Stat. 257); Act July 24, 1919, c. 26 (41 Stat. 267); Act Feb. 26, 1923, c. 119 (42 Stat. 1313, 1320); Act March 4, 1921, c. 171 (41 Stat. 1441-1444); Act Aug. 2, 1886, c. 840 (24 Stat. 212).

lects, compiles, summarizes, interprets, and makes public statistical data relating to agricultural production. Studies are made of marketing methods, conditions, and costs, and with regard to the standardization, transportation, handling, and storage of agricultural products. Demonstrational work is conducted in connection with these studies. Reports are issued by the bureau which contain information on the supply, commercial movement, disposition, and market prices of fruits and vegetables, live stock and meats, dairy and poultry products, and hay, feed, and seed. Information is also secured and published with regard to the supply of and demand for certain agricultural products in foreign countries. Summaries and analyses covering this information are published in the weekly Crops and Markets, and supplements which embody current statistics relating to the acreage, yield, condition, and production of crops, numbers of live stock, and value of farm products. Other special reports are issued at intervals. A market inspection service on fruits and vegetables is now available at many of the principal producing and receiving centers of the country and on butter at five of the principal terminal markets.34 Regulatory work is performed in connection with the enforcement of the United States Cotton Futures Act 35 and Cotton Standards Act,36 the United States Grain Standards Act,37 the Standard Container Act,38 and in connection with the administration of the United States Warehouse Act.39 The Chief of the Bureau acts as liquidating officer of the wool section of the War Industries Board. Center Market, in the city of Washington, is also operated by this bureau.

(12) Bureau of Home Economics.-Investigates problems connected with the home. The work is conducted under the following divisions: Foods and Nutrition; Economic Problems of the Home; Textiles and Clothing; Housing and Equipment.

(13) Federal Horticultural Board. This board was created August 21, 1912, for the enforcement of the Plant Quarantine Act.40

34 Act June 30, 1914, c. 131 (38 Stat. 436); Act May 11, 1922, c. 185 (42 Stat. 532); Act May 23, 1908, c. 192 (35 Stat. 257); Act July 24, 1919, c. 26 (41 Stat. 267); Act Feb. 26, 1923, c. 119 (42 Stat. 1313, 1320); Act March 4, 1921, c. 171 (41 Stat. 1441-1444); Act Aug. 2, 1886, c. 840 (24 Stat. 212).

35 Act Aug. 11, 1916 (39 Stat. 476).

36 Act March 4, 1923, c. 288 (42 Stat. 1517-1520).

37 Act Aug. 11, 1916 (39 Stat. 482).

38 Act Aug. 31, 1916 (39 Stat. 673 [Comp. St. §§ 89071-8907q]).

39 Act Aug. 11, 1916 (39 Stat. 486-491 [Comp. St. §§ 87474-8747pp]).

40 Act Aug. 20, 1912, c. 308 (37 Stat. 315), as amended by Act March 4, 1913, c. 145 (37 Stat. 854), permitting importation of plants for scientific purposes, and by Act March 4, 1917 (39 Stat. 1165 [Comp. St. 1918, Comp. St. Ann. Supp. 1919, § 8760]), and by Act May 31, 1920, c. 217 (41 Stat. 726); and supplemented by Act May 31, 1920 (41 Stat. 726). See, also, Act March 3, 1905, c. 1501, § 2 (33 Stat. 1270 [Comp. St. § 8749]), prohibiting the mail