THE BOOK TRADE. 1.-The Wild Sports of India; with remarks on the Breeding and Rearing of Horses, and the formation of Light_Irregular_Cavalry. By Capt. HENRY SHAKSPEAR, Commandant Nagpore Irregular Force. 12mo., pp. 283. Boston: Ticknor & Fields. As the title indicates, this books comprises a series of hair-breadth escapes and successes experienced by an Indian hunter in the jungles of India-an Englishman, by the way. It has been written, he says, "not so much for the instruction or edification of the old and experienced hunter, as to teach the young and uninformed." Reasoning, with great good sense, in this way-that the ardent and excitable youth, just free for the first time from the trammels of school, love and are formed for excitement, and excitement they will have at all hazards, and that activity and employment are necessary to keep youth from vice-prone by nature, as we all are, to it, and more easily allured to its temptations than to good. This being the case, let it be manly exertion, rather than feasting, rioting, or debauchery. To this end, while not holding up amusement as the business of life, he would recommend the leisure hours of those blessed with the gilts of good sense, energy, and strength, to take to the sports of the field, become good horsemen and expert riflemen-inure themselves to toil while they are young, that a green old age may reward them when the hand shall have forgotten its cunning. The book, though evidently written by one who understands his profession, and doubtless a proficient in cunning woodcraft, still bears evidence of that egotism which appears inseparable from the personal narratives of nearly all traveling Englishmen, in relating exploits in which they have participated. As an evidence of the mystery and palpable importance they contrive to throw around even the slightest circumstance, and which, to a less enthusiastic, or we might say, egotistical mind, dwindles down to about nothing, we give but two illustrations where with time and space we might many. "In 1848, while stationed at Bolarum, hearing that a large bear had taken refuge in some canes near by, I immediately started for the spot, and having placed a lot of beaters at one entrance to shout, and so drive the bear out, I stood at the other, ready to shoot him when he bolted. This was quite successful, and out he went, I fired three balls at him within the first twenty-five yards; but from my not seeing the deadly part to fire at, he went on in spite of the wounds. I followed him by his blood; but being very lame, and with a slipper fastened round my afflicted foot, when I came to the next mass of rocks, I sat down at the bottom, telling my people to carry on the track. They had scarcely gone on a hundred yards from me, when they beckoned to me to come up, and pointing down through the crevice of the rock, showed me what I thought was the wounded bear. I fired and heard my bullet hit; but to my astonishment, out went two bears from below me. One of them almost immediately rolled over; and the other (which is very common with bears) stopping to condole with him. I fired at, and knocked him over also. Before I could load my rifle, the smallest bear of the two got up and entered a large jackal-earth on the other side of the rock. The other bear also began wandering about, as if looking for something. There were several coolies, native hunters, who carry matchlocks and are great skikarees (hunters) out with me; and I thought that by telling them to go and fire at this other bear, the noise would put up out of the hole the one that was close to me. The coolie who valiently approached the other bear was immediately charged, and bolted up to me saying The bear is not wounded at all; you had better come and shoot it yourself if you want it! I therefore went down and fired another shot. Then taking a short spear, and thinking this would be a good opportunity of trying the feat of spearing a bear, I brought the point to the front. The bear charged down from thirty yards at full gallop so soon as she saw me, and I stopped her with a spear in the withers. I had before this told my shikaree, who had my gun in his hand, that I would spear this bear, and that he was on no account to shoot, unless the bear got hold of me in the scuffle. Directly the bear received the spear, she threw herself on her back, and I was not strong enough to hold her down, so disengaging herself, and before I could straighten the spear again, she rushed upon me. The crooked shaft prevented me from spearing straight, and the blade passed only through the side. She very nearly caught me round the waist, but I drew out the spear, and as she again charged in blind fury I allowed her to pass me, in doing which I sent the spear in behind the shoulders. As usual, she threw herself upon her back, and before she could recover herself, putting my shikar knife between her fore paws, I sheathed it in her heart, killing her dead. My shikaree, with the rest of the men, had bolted." And again, when speaking of the requisites of a good hunter, "one of the great secrets in stalking game in the jungles, is to know how to walk silently, both in putting the foot on the ground and in not rustling the bushes, branches, or grass. The pace to walk at must be regulated by many circumstances. The kind of foot which will fall most silently must be given by God; for it must be naturally arched in the instep, and have its corresponding concave in the sole. Only this formation of foot will allow of a silent and firm tread, and will give the elasticity and strength necessary to support the weight of the body through a long day's toil without jarring the limbs above it, or wearying the muscles and tendons which have to move it. A foot of this form is also less liable to bruises from stones and hard ground. The shoe or boot must not be made with thick soles. I myself use Wellington boots, to keep the spear grass out of my ankles; but if one's work is among rocks, which it may be in bear or ibex shooting, the soft sambur-skin shoe will be best. You can have it made as light as a racket-shoe." Shade of Davy Crockett! what think you of this? Verily there is no good ale but that distilled of Thames water, and as Falstaff would have it, but one great man in the kingdom, and he waxes old and fat. 2.—The Ebony Idol. 12mo., pp. 283. New York: D. Appleton & Co. This little volume will be found another touch upon the negro lyre, and all those not yet weary with this eternal harping upon the negro, string will find abundant here to whet up their morbid sensibilities. Yet we would warn the positives to be careful how they touch it, for it is charged to the muzzle against all those philanthropists who have been so long exerting their zeal in the "holy cause "-threatening annihilation to our Southern brethren-to tear up the national flag, and boldly flouting their fists in the face of Uncle Sam-or they will get their fingers burned. Taking for his stand-point of view the purlieus of one of our remote country villages, the author attempts with good grace the eclaircissement of those vague reverences we see so often springing up in our midst to the neglect of our own individual frailties and home sins, and pictures to us what be deems some of the practical illustrations of our zeal in foreign causes while withholding dew and nourishment from our own home vinyards. It is vigorously written, and though some of the characters have been overwrought, for the sake of sensation, the author exhibits a good deal of talent in his various caricatures, and to say the least, has succeeded in weaving together a very readable and amusing story. As for ourselves, we think we have had full enough books touching these subjects, for we opine that all this sort of teaching is but vanity, for it is a noted fact, that even those of sterling talents are attracted from their even orbit by that strange fascination mind wields over mind; and the staid and doubting stickler for fact is not unfrequently the very first to adopt the absurdest issue of the day. 3.—An Elementary Grammar of the Italian Language, progressively arranged for the Use of Schools and Colleges. By G. B. FONTANA. 12mo., pp. 232. New York: D. Appleton & Co. CONTENTS OF NO. V., VOL. XLIII. ARTICLES. ART. PAGE I. REVIEW, HISTORICAL AND CRITICAL, OF THE DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY; OR, INTRODUCTION TO A MORE COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM. PART IX. The Political School of Sociology critically considered - The Three Different Classes of that School stated and defined-Macchiavelli, Locke, and Montesquieu critically examined, as Representatives of Three Different Varieties of the First Class-Aristotle and De Tocqueville compared with Montesquieu-Rousseau and Paine brought into review-The American Contribution to Social Science remarked uponHamilton, Madison, Jay, Jefferson, and Calhoun briefly noticed, as to their Contributions to Social Science.. II. PHILADELPHIA-ITS MANUFACTURES. Population-Compared with New YorkAdvantages of Site-Minerals-Value of Manufactures-Position of State-Accumulation of Capital and Materials-Aggregate of Manufactures-Product per Head-Distribution of Industry-Clothing in Philadelphia-Effect of Panie-State of the Trade in Boston-Textile Manufactures in Philadelphia-Factories-Mode of ManufactureWoolens-Labor Value of Cottons-Table of Factories-Goods Consigned to Philadel-Local Production-Aggregate Market-Iron Trade-Product-Pig Iron - Rolling Mills-Woolens Sold in Philadelphia-Commerce.... ... 531 555 III. VALUATION OF LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES. No. vII. By Prof. C. F. McCAY, of Georgia.... ...... 567 IV. CURRENCY OF THE UNITED STATES BY CHARLES H. CARROLL, Merchant, Boston... 574 JOURNAL OF MERCANTILE LAW. The Bombardment of Greytown..... The Schuyler Frauds and the New Haven Railroad Stock-Advances on Cotton.. COMMERCIAL CHRONICLE AND REVIEW. Progress of Business-Imports-Exports-Domestic Produce-Approximation of Exports to Imports-Effect on Exchanges-Larger Portion of Breadstuffs-Table of Exports-Grain at the West-Milwaukee-Chicago-Railroads-Rise in Values-Absorption of Funds-Capital at Call-Grain for Freights-No Speculation at the West-Money in the Stock Market-Bank Loans -Contraction Comparative-Loans on the Market-Rates of Money-RemittancesSterling Bills-Rates of Exchange-Current of Specie-Gold Shipments-Specie in the City -Assay-oflice-Mint....... 583 585 586 587-595 JOURNAL OF BANKING, CURRENCY, AND FINANCE. Baltimore Liabilities.. New Orleans United States Branch Mint.-Leather Failures. Wealth of New York State... City Weekly Bank Returns-Banks of New York, Boston, Philadelphia, New Orleans, Pittsburg, St. Louis, Providence Boston Bank Dividends.... The Revenue of Cuba........ ........ 595 596 597 599 603 605 Imitation Merino Shirts. 614 615 616 616 617 Woolen Hats.-Landscape Plates.-New Tariff of Rates between Chicago and Southern Cities 618 POSTAL DEPARTMENT. Post-office of the Sandwich Islands-Report of the Postmaster General.. 619 620 JOURNAL OF INSURANCE. Alabama Insurance Law. Insurance Scrip Dividends.-Humors of Health Insurance JOURNAL OF MINING, MANUFACTURES, AND ART. The Pennsylvania Rock Oil.. 621 628 624 Flax Cotton.-Rhode Island Coal Galvanizing Iron.. Cotton Manufacture in Scotland.. Manchester Operatives.-The Needle Levels of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.. The Last" Manufactory at Richmond.-Smoke from Gas-lights RAILROAD, CANAL, AND STEAMBOAT STATISTICS. Manufacture of Railway Iron Cotton on Railroads Railways in Texas. Southwestern Railroad Company of Georgia.... New Orleans, Jackson, and Great Northern Railroad.-Prophecy in Regard to Railroads.. Grape Culture on Kelley's Island, Ohio................... 625 626 627 628 629 630 630 681 632 633 634 631 635 637 STATISTICS OF AGRICULTURE, &c. 638 Cotton A California Fruit-Orchard-The Crops in California...... 640 643 STATISTICS OF POPULATION, &c. Population and Growth of Boston.. Population of Spain.-Population of Milwaukee Population of some Ohio Towns.-Census of Cincinnati,-Census of Rhode Island Statistics of Population of Baltimore County.-Michigan Towns-Population MERCANTILE MISCELLANIES. New York Central Park The End of Debt.. Direct Southern Trade with Europe Sailors-What they are, and what they should be Facts and Figures Anecdote of Stephen Girard.-London Tobacco Trade and Consumption.. THE BOOK TRADE. Notices of new Books or new Editions.... 644 645 646 647 648 649 650 651 652 653 654 ....... 655-656 HUNT'S MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW. NOVEMBER, 1860. Art. I.-REVIEW, HISTORICAL AND CRITICAL, OF THE DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY:* OR, INTRODUCTION TO A MORE COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM. PART IX. THE POLITICAL SCHOOL OF SOCIOLOGY CRITICALLY CONSIDERED-THE THREE DIFFERENT CLASSES OF THAT SCHOOL STATED AND DEFINED-MACCHIAVELLI, LOCKE, AND MONTESQUIEU CRITICALLY EXAMINED, AS REPRESENTATIVES OF THREE DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF THE FIRST CLASS-ARISTOTLE AND DE TOCQUEVILLE COMPARED WITH MONTESQUIEU-ROUSSEAU AND PAINE BROUGHT INTO REVIEW-THE AMERICAN CONTRIBUTION TO SOCIAL SCIENCE REMARKED UPON-HAMILTON, MADISON, JAY, JEFFER SON, AND CALHOUN BRIEFLY NOTICED, AS TO THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS TO SOCIAL SCIENCE. HAVING now concluded our glance at the different races of mankind not belonging to the Caucasian or most superior race, and those nations of the Caucasian race that have flourished before the present age, with a view to extracting whatever noteworthy ideas in Sociology they may have either speculatively entertained or practically illustrated, we come now to the more methodical consideration of sociological ideas and systems, according to the classification of them which we have already laid down, as appertaining to the Political, Politico-Economical, or Malthusian schools; and the course of our review, which has been, hitherto, rambling and disconnected, as a necessary consequence of its endeavor to comprehend, in one survey, and reduce to some historical order, a field, at once so vast and so scantily supplied with material, becomes henceforth more systematical and connected. All the ideas which have hitherto come under our review, and which have been prominently developed before the present age, may be regarded as belonging to the Political School. For, although, as we have already seen, some ideas may be detected in the discourses of Plato and Aristotle on Politics, which appertain rather to the Politico-Economical and Mal * Entered according to an act of Congress, in the year 1859, by GEO. W. & JNO. A. WOOD, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the southern district of New York, |