Williamsburg, pv. Iredell co. N. C. 157 w of | WILMORE, pv. Cambria co. Pa.
Raleigh.
Williamsburg, pv. cap. of Covington co. Miss.
Williamsburg, pv. Mason co. Ky. 90 ENE of F.
Williamsburg, pv. cap. of Whitley co. Ky. on
Cumberland river.
[Cincinnati.
Williamsburg, pt. Clermont co. O. 28 E of
Williamsburg, pv. Wayne co. Ind. 73 E of Is.
Williamsburg, pv. Callaway co. Mo. 37 NNE
of Jefferson City.
[NW of Cs.
WILLIAMS CENTRE, pv. Williams co. O. 170
WILLIAMS COLLEGE GRANT, tp. Aroostook co.
Me.
[of Cs.
WILLIAMSFIELD, pt. Ashtabula co. O. 200 NE
WILLIAMSON, pt. Wayne co. N. Y. on Lake
Ontario, 200 WNW of Albany.
WILLIAMSPORT, boro', cap. Lycoming co. Pa.
160 Nw of Philadelphia.
[tomac r.
Williamsport, pv. Washington co. Md. on Po-
Williamsport, pv. Hardy co. Va. 180 Nw of R.
Williamsport, pv. Maury co. Tenn. 45 ssw
Williamsport, v. Columbiana co. O. [of Ne.
Williamsport, pv. Pickaway co. O. 35 s Cs.
Williamsport, pv. cap. of Warren co. Ind. on
[Tuscaloosa.
WILLIAMSTON, pv. Barbour co. Ala. 186 SE of
WILLIAMSTOWN, pt. Orange co.Vt. 11 SE Mtr.
Williamstown, pt. Berkshire co. Mass. on
Hoosick river. It is the seat of Williams
College.
[Oswego.
Williamstown, pt. Oswego co. N.Y. 28 E of
Williamstown, pv. Lancaster co. Pa. 50 ESE
of Harrisburg.
[on Roanoke r.
Williamstown, pv. cap. of Martin co. N. C.
Williamstown, pv. cap. of Grant co. Ky. 50
NNE of Frankfort.
[Indianapolis.
Williamstown, pv. Decatur co. Ind. 55 SE of
WILLIAMSVILLE, pv. Windham co. Vt. 120 s of
Montpelier.

[82 SE of J.WILMOT, pi. Merrimack co. N. H. 27 xw Cd.
WILMURT, tp. Herkimer co. N.Y. 35 x of
Herkimer.
[sw of Al.
WILNA, pt. Jefferson co. N.Y. on Black r. 157
Wilna, pv. Houston co. Ga. 60 sw of M.
WILSON, pt. Piscataquis co. Me. [port
Wilson, pt. Niagara co. N.Y. 10 Nw of Lock
WILSONVILLE, pv. Bath co. Va. 198 wxw R.
Wilsonville, pv. Lincoln co. N. C. 183 wsw
of Raleigh.

the Wabash.

Williamsville, pv. Erie co. N.Y. 278 w of Al.
Williamsville, pv. Kent co. Del. 22 ssw Dover.
Williamsville, pv. Person co. N.C. 60 NNW Rh.
WILLIMANSET, pv. Hampden co. Mass. on
Connecticut r. [r. to form the Shetucket.
WILLIMANTIC r. Conn. unites with Natchaug
Willimantic, pv. Windham co. Conn. 28 E Hd.
WILLINGBOROUGH, tp. Burlington co. N. J. 7
NW of Mount Holly.
WILLINGTON, tp. Piscataquis co. Me.
Willington, pt. Tolland co. Conn. 28 w of Hd.
Willington, pv. Abbeville dist. S. C. 100 w Ca.
WILLISTON, pt. Chittenden co. Vt. 32 NNW
of Montpelier.

Williston, pv. Barnwell dist. S. C. 98 ssw Ca.
Williston, pv. Callaway co. Ky. 265 wsw F.
WILLISTOWN, tp. Chester co. Pa. 20 Nw Phila.
WILLOUGHBY, pv. Lake co. O. 164 NNE of Cs.
WILLOW GROVE, pv. Montg. co. Pa. 13 N Phila.
WILLSBOROUGH, pt. Essex co. N.Y. 15 NE of
Willsborough, tp. Tioga co. Pa. [Elizabeth.
WILLS, tp. Guernsey co. O.

WILLSHIRE, pt.Van Wert co. O. 130 wNw Cs.
WILMINGTON, pt. Windham co. Vt. 17 E of
Bennington.
[of B.
Wilmington, pt. Middlesex co. Mass. 16 NNW
Wilmington, pt. Essex co, N. Y. on Saranac r.
Wilmington, Del. See GAZETTEER.
Wilmington, pv. Fluvanna co. Va. 58 wNw R.
Wilmington, N. C. See GAZETTEER.
Wilmington, pv. M'Cracken co. Ky. [of Cs.
Wilmington, pv. cap. of Clinton co. O. 72 sw
Wilmington, pv. Dearborn co. Ind. 84 SE of Is.
Wilmington, pv. Will co. Ill. 152 NE of Sd.
WILMINGTON ISLAND, Ga. in Savannah r. 6
m. long, 4 broad.

Wilsonville, pv. Shelby co. Ala. 82 x of T.
Wilsonville, pv. Spencer co. Ky. 35 wsw P.
WILTON, pt. Franklin co. Me. 38 wxw of A
Wilton, pt. Hillsborough co. N. H. 40 s of Ca
Wilton, pt. Fairfield co. Conn. 74 sw of Hd.
Wilton, pt. Saratoga co. N.Y. 43 x of Al.
Wilton, pv. Granville co. N. C. 34 x of Rh.
WINCHENDON, pt. Worcester co. Mass. 60
WNW of Boston.
[Concord.
WINCHESTER, pt. Cheshire co. N. H. 64 sw of
Winchester, pt. Litchfield co. Conn. 25 Nw Hd.
Winchester, Va. See GAZETTEER.
Winchester, pv. cap. of Wayne co. Miss. on
Chickasawha r. 150 ESE of J. [94 ssɛ Ne.
Winchester, pv. cap. of Franklin co. Tenn.
Winchester, pv. cap. Clarke co. Ky. 44 ESE F.
Winchester, tp. Adams co. O.
Winchester, pv. Guernsey co. O. 87 E of Cs.
Winchester, pv. cap. of Randolph co. Ind. $1
ENE of Indianapolis.
[of Sd.
Winchester, pv. cap. of Scott co. Ill. 50 wsw
Winchester, pv. Clarke co. Mo. 165 x of Jef.
Winchester, pv. Van Buren co. Iowa. [City.
WINCHESTER CENTRE, pv. Litchfield co. Conn.
30 Nw of Hartford.
[Augusta.
WINDHAM, pt. Cumberland co. Me. 56 SSE of
Windham, pt. Rockingham co. N.H 40 sz Cd.
Windham, pt. Windham co. Vt. 104 s of Mtr.
Windham, pt. Windham co, Conn. 31 x of Hd
Windham, pt. Greene co. N.Y. 45 sw of Al.
Windham, pt. Bradford co. Pa. 162 x of H.
Windham, tp. Luzerne co. Pa. 25 xw of
Wilkesbarre.

Windham, pt. Portage co. O. 160 NE of Cs.
WINDHAM CENTRE, pv. Greene co. N. Y. 50
sw of Albany.

WINDSOR, pt. Kennebec co. Me. 10 x of A.
Windsor, tp. Hillsborough co. N.H. [river.
Windsor, pv. cap. of Windsor co. Vt. on Conn.
Windsor, pt. Berkshire co. Mass. 123 w of B
Windsor, pt. Hartford co. Conn. 7 x of Hd.
Windsor, pt. Broome co. N.Y. on Susqa. r.
Windsor, tp. Berks co. Pa. on Schuylkill r.
Windsor, pt. York co. Pa. 42 s of H.
Windsor, pv. cap. Bertie co. N. C. 100 Exɛ Rh.
Windsor, pv. Walton co. Ga. 70 NNW of M.
Windsor, pt. Ashtabula co. O. 126 NE of Cs.
Windsor, pt. Lawrence co. O. 110 SSE of Cs.
Windsor, pv. Randolph co. Ind. 71 ENE of Is
Windsor, pv. Bureau co. Ill. 120 x of Sd.
WINDSOR LOCKS, pv. Hartford co. Conn. I
N of Hartford.
WINESBURG, pv. Holmes co. O. 105 xx of Cs
WINFIELD, pt. Herkimer co. N.Y. 76 w of AL
WINGVILLE, pv. Grant co. Wis 67 w Madison
WINHALL, pt. Bennington co. Vt. 97 s or Mtr.
WINNEBAGO, lake, Wis. 24 m. long, 10 broad.
WINNEMAC, pv. cap. of Pulaski co. Ind. 100 μ
of Indianapolis.

WINNICUT r. N. H. a tributary of Piscataqua
river, which it enters through Great Bay.
WINNIPISIOGEE, lake and r. N. H. See GAZ-
[S. C. 30 NNW of Ca
WINNSBOROUGH, pv. cap. of Fairfield dist

ETTEER.

WONASQUATUCKET r. Providence co. R. 1.
flows into Providence Cove.

WOOD er. N.Y. flows into Oneida Lake.
Wood er. Washington co. N.Y. flows into L.
Champlain.
[of Al.
WOODBOURNE, pv. Sullivan co. N.Y. 103 sw
Woodbourne, pv. Knox co. Tenn. 200 E of Ne.
WOODBRIDGE, tp. New Haven co. Conn. 6 NW
of New Haven.

Woodbridge, pt. Middlesex co. N.J. 43 NE Tn.
Woodbridge, tp. Hillsdale co. Mich.
WOODBURN, pv. Macoupin co. Ill. 63 s of Sa.
WOODBURY, pt. Litchfield co. Conn. 50 w Hd.
Woodbury, v. Queen's co. N.Y. on Long I.
Woodbury, pv. cap. Glo'ster co. N. J. 37 ssw
of Trenton.

Woodbury, tp. Huntingdon co. Pa. [SE of Ne.
Woodbury, pv. cap. of Cannon co. Tenn. 54
Woodbury, pv. Wood co. O. 104 NNW of Cs.
Woodbury, pv. Madison co. Ind. 22 NE of Is.
Woodbury, pv. Coles co. Ill. 105 ESE of Sd.
WOODCOCK, pt. Crawford co. Pa. 213 NW H.
WOODFORD, pt. Bennington co. Vt. 120 s Mtr.
Woodford, pv. Woodford co. Ill. on Macki-
naw river.

WISCONSIN, State of. An act was passed at the last session of Congress providing for the admission of Wisconsin into the Union as a sovereign state, with the following bounda-Woodbury, pt. Bedford co. Pa. 113 w of H. ries Beginning at the north-east corner of the state of Illinois-that is to say, at a point in the centre of Lake Michigan where the line of 429 30 N Lat. crosses the same; thence, running with the boundary line of the state of Michigan, through Lake Michigan, Green Bay, to the mouth of the Menomonie river; thence up the channel of said river to the Brulé river; thence up said last mentioned river to Lake Brulé; thence along the southern shore of Lake Brulé in a direct line to the centre of the channel between Middle and South islands, in the Lake of the Desert; thence in a direct line to the head waters of the Montreal river, as marked upon the survey made by Captain Cramm; thence down the main channel of the Montreal river to the middle of Lake Superior; thence through the centre of Lake Superior to the mouth of the St. Louis river; thence up the main channel of said river to the first rapids in the same, above the Indian village, according to Nicol- WOODSONVILLE, pv. Hart co. Ky. on Greene r. let's map; thence due south to the main WOODSTOCK, pt. Oxford co. Me. 50 w of A. branch of the river St. Croix; thence down Woodstock, pt. Grafton co. N. H. 57 N of Cd. the main channel of said river to the Missis-Woodstock, pv. cap. of Windsor co. Vt. 50 s sippi; thence down the centre of the main channel of that river to the north-west corner of the state of Illinois; thence due east with the northern boundary of the state of Illinois to the place of beginning.

Wisconsin comprises a portion of a rich mineral region which extends into Illinois and Iowa. Lead ore is abundant; copper occurs in considerable quantities. Antimony is said to have been recently discovered in great abundance, near Helena, in Buchanan county.

WISENBURG, pv. Lehigh co. Pa.
WISSAHICKON cr. a small stream falling into
the Schuylkill 6 m. above Philadelphia, no-
ted for the wild and picturesque scenery
along its banks.
[of Cs.
WITHAMSVILLE, pv. Clermont co. O. 128 sw
WOBURN, pt. Middlesex co. Mass. 10 Nw of B.
WOLCOTT, pt. Lamoille co. Vt. 23 N of Mtr.
Wolcott, pt. New Haven co. Conn. 54 s of Hd.
Wolcott, pt. Wayne co. N.Y. on L. Ontario.
WOLCOTTSVILLE, pv. Litchfield co. Conn. 26
w of Hartford.

WOLF, tp. Lycoming co. Pa. [Mercer.
WOLF CREEK, tp. Mercer co. Pa. 10 SE of
WOLFSBOROUGH, pt. Carroll co. N. H. 40 NNW
of Concord.
[wsw of Rh.
WOLFSVILLE, pv. Mecklenburg co. N. C. 178
WOLVERTON, pv. M'Minn co. Tenn. 185 ESE
of Nashville.
[Reading.
WOMELSDORF, pv. Berks co. Pa. 14 w of

|

WOODHULL, pt. Steuben co. N.Y. 240 w of Al
Woodhull, tp. Shiawassee co. Mich.
WOODLAND, pv. Hamilton co. Flor.
Woodland, pv. East Feliciana par. La. 120
NW of New Orleans.
WOODLAWN, pv. Lincoln co. N. C. 173 w Rh.
Woodlawn, pv. Edgefield dist. S. C. 98 w Ca.
WOODSBOROUGH, pv. Frederick co. Md. 85
NW of Annapolis.
[E of Cs.
WOODSFIELD, pv. cap. of Monroe co. O. 117
Wood's HOLE, pv. Barnstable co. Mass. 80 s
of Boston.

of Montpelier.

[Hartford. Woodstock, pt. Windham co. Coun. 43 ENE Of Woodstock, pt. Ulster co. N.Y. 70 s of Al. Woodstock, pv. Anne Arundel co. Md. 50 NW of Annapolis. [on N. Fork of Shenandoah r. Woodstock, pv. cap. of Shenandoah co. Va. Woodstock, pv. Cherokee co. Ga. on Little r. Woodstock, pv. Champaign co. O. 37 Nw Cs. Woodstock, pt. Lenawee co. Mich. 73 wsw of Detroit.

WOODSTOWN, pv. Salem co. N. J. 53 s of Tn
WOODSVILLE, pv. Middlesex co. Mass.
Woodsville, pv. Mercer co. N. J. 13 N of Tn.
WOODVILLE, pv. Litchfield co. Conn. 40 w of
Hartford.
[Albany.
Woodville, pv. Jefferson co. N.Y. 170 Nw of
Woodville, pv. Rappahannock co. Va. 118
NW of Richmond.
[of Rh.
Woodville, pv. Perquimans co. N. C. 205 ENE
Woodville, pv. Abbeville dist. S. C. 93 w Ca
Woodville, pv. Greene co. Ga. 55 N of M.
Woodville, pv. Jackson co. Ala. 163 NE of T.
Woodville, pv. cap. of Wilkinson co. Miss
135 sw of Jackson.

Woodville, pt. Sandusky co. O. on Portage r
Woodville, pv. Jackson co. Ind. 74 s of Is.
Woodville, pv. Hancock co. Ill. 106 wNw Sd
Woodville, pv Macon co. Mo. 96 N Jef. City
WOODWARDVILLE, pv. Marengo co. Ala. 104
s of Tuscaloosa.

WOOLWICH, pt. Lincoln co. Me. 35 s of A.
Woolwich, tp. Gloucester co. N. J. 11 sw of
Woodbury.

WOONSOCKET FALLS, pv. Providence co. R. I.
15 NNW of Providence.
[Cleveland.
WOOSTER, pv. cap. of Wayne co. O. 50 s of
WORCESTER, pt. Washington co. Vt. 8 x Mtr.
Worcester, Mass. See GAZETTEER.
Worcester, pv. Otsego co. N.Y. 57 sw of Al.
Worcester, pt. Montgomery co. Pa. 90 E of H.
Worcester, pv. M'Donough co. Ill. 98 Nw Sd.
WORTHINGTON, pt. Hampshire co. Mass. 17
WNW of Northampton.

Worthington, pv. Armstrong co. Pa. 190 w H.
Worthington, pv. Muhlenburg co. Ky. 172
sw of Frankfort.

Worthington, pv. Franklin co. (). 9 N of Cs.
Worthington, tp. Richland co. O.
WRENTHAM, pt. Norfolk co. Mass. 32 ssw B.
WRIGHTSBOROUGH, pv. Columbia co. Ga. 95
ENE of Milledgeville.

YOсUMTOWN, pv. York co. Pa. 21 s of H.
YONKERS, pt. Westchester co. N.Y. on Hud-

son river.

[mouth.

YORK r. Me. flows into the Atlantic by a broad
York r. Va. See GAZETTEER.
York, Me. See GAZETTEER.
York, pt. Livingston co. N. Y. 238 w of Al.
York, Pa. See GAZETTEER.
York, tp. York co. Pa. 5 sw of York.
York, pv. Fayette co. Ga. 87 wnw M.
York, tp. Athens co. O. on Hockhocking r.
York, tp. Belmont co. O. on Ohio r.
York, tp. Morgan co. O
York, tp. Sandusky co. O.

taraugus creek.

York, pt. Washtenaw co. Mich. 46 w of D. York, tp. Switzerland co. Ind. York, pv. Clarke co. Ill. on Wabash r. YORK HAVEN, pv. York co. Pa. on Susqa. r. WRIGHTSTOWN, pt. Bucks co. Pa. 24 N Phila.YORKSHIRE, pt. Cattaraugus co. N. Y. on CatWrightstown, pv. Burlington co. N. J. 23 s of Trenton. [quehanna r. WRIGHTSVILLE, borough, York co Pa. on SusWrightsville, pv. Roane co. Tenn. 154 в Ne. WURTSBOROUGH, pv. Sullivan co. N.Y. 97 sw of Albany.

[s of H. YORK SULPHUR SPRINGS, pv. Adams co. Pa. 21 YORKTOWN, pt. Westchester co. N.Y. on Cro

ton river.

Yorktown, Va. See GAZETTEER. Yorktown, pv. Delaware co. Ind. 50 NE of Is. WYALUSING cr. Pa. flows into Susquehanna r. YORKVILLE, v. New York co. N.Y. 5 N of Wyalusing, pt. Bradford co. Pa. on Wyalu- the City Hall. Lof Ca. sing creek. [hatchee r. Yorkville, pv. cap. of York dist. S. C. 80 x WYATT, pv. La Fayette co. Miss. on Talla-Yorkville, pv. Pickens co. Ala. 68 w sw of T. WYE r. Md. runs between Talbot and Queen Yorkville, pv. Gibson co. Tenn 143 w of Ne. Anne counties into Chesapeake Bay. Yorkville, pv. Racine co. Wis. 96 ESE of MaWYKERTOWN, pv. Sussex co. N. J. 80 N Tn. dison. WYNANT'S KILL, pv. Rensselaer co. N. Y. 10 E of Albany.

WYOMING, pv. Wyoming co. N.Y. 248 w Al.
Wyoming, pv. Luzerne co. Pa. on Susqa. r.
Wyoming, pv. Dinwiddie co. Va. 60 s of R.
Wyoming, pv. Stark co. Ill. 100 N of Sd.
Wyoming, pv. Wayne co. Iowa.
WYSox, pt. Bradford co. Pa. 136 N of H.
WYTHEVILLE, pv. Wythe co. Va. 248 w of R.

XALISCO. See JALISCO.

XENIA, pv. cap. of Greene co. O. 60 wsw Cs.

YADKIN r. N. C. See GAZETTEER.
YAQUI, or HIAQUI, yah-kee', a r. of Mexico,
which falls into the Gulf of California near
the 28th parallel of N Lat. and the 110th
meridian of w Lon.
[NW of Rh.
FANCEYVILLE, pv. cap. of Caswell co. N. C. 87
YANKEE SPRINGS, pt. Barry co. Mich. 150 w
YANTIC r. Conn. flows into the Thames. [D.
YARDLEYVILLE, pv. Bucks co. Pa. on the De-
[Boston.

laware.

YARMOUTH, pt. Barnstable co. Mass. 78 SE of
YARMOUTH PORT, pv. Barnstable co. Mass.
77 SE of Boston.

YATES, pt. Orleans co. N.Y. 12 N of Albion.
YAZOO r. Miss. formed by the junction of
Tallahatchee and Yalabusha, flows into the
Mississippi river.

YAZOO CITY, pv. Yazoo co. Miss. on Yazoo r.
YELLOW CR. pt. Chariton co. Mo. 110 Nw of
Jefferson City.

YELLOW OF CHESTER SPRINGS, V. Chester co.
Pa. 30 WNW of Philadelphia.

YELLOW SPRINGS, pv. Greene co. O. 52 sw Cs.
YELLOW WATER г. Ala. and Flor. flows into
an arm of Pensacola Bay.

YELLVILLE, pv. cap. of Marion co. Ark. 180
N of Little Rock.

YELVINGTON, pv. Daviess co. Ky. 156 w of F.
YERBA BUENA, yer'ba bwa'nă, a town of
California: the same as SAN FRANCISCO,
which see.

|

At

[of Ca

YOUGHIOGHENY, yoh'ho-ga'ne, a r. which
rises in Preston co. Va., and flowing through
Md. into Pa., falls into the Monongahela
18 m. SE of Pittsburg. It is navigable to the
Ohiopyle falls, 30 m. from its mouth.
this obstruction the river has a perpendicu-
lar descent of 20 feet.
YOUNG, tp. Indiana co. Pa.
Young, tp. Jefferson co. Pa.
YOUNGESVILLE, pv. Fairfield dist. S. C. 40 x
YOUNGSTOWN, pt. Niagara co. N.Y. on Nia-
gara river.
[150 w of H.
Youngstown, borough, Westmoreland co. Pa.
Youngstown, pt. Trumbull co. O. 177 NE Cs.
YOUNGSVILLE, pv. Warren co. Pa. 218 Nw H.
Youngsville, pv. Tallapoosa co. Ala. 140 ESE
of Tuscaloosa.
[134 N of H.
YOUNG WOMANSTOWN, pv. Clinton co. Pa.
YOUTA. See UTAH.
YPSILANTI, pv. Washtenaw co. Mich. 30 w D

ZACATULA, sac-ă-too'lă, a r. of Mexico, fall-
ing into the Pacific about 18° N Lat., and
1020 25 w Lon. Also, a little town at the
mouth of the above.

ZACATECAS, sah-kǎ-tá'kas, a state in the cen-
tral part of Mexico, immediately s of Coa
huila. Area 20,000 sq. m. Pop. 275,000.
Zacatecas, the capital of the above, is
about 9,600 ft. higher than the sea, and has
a population of 25,000. (B.)
ZANESFIELD, pv. Logan co. O. 64 xw of Cs.
ZANESVILLE, O. See GAZETTEER.
Zanesville, pv. Montg. co. Ill. 38s of Sd.
ZEBULON, pv. cap. of Pike co. Gu. 77 w M.
Zebulon, pv. Pike co. Ark. 136 sw of Little
Rock.

ZELIENOPLE, pv. Butler co. Pa. 224 w of H
ZENAS, pv. Jennings co. Ind. 62 s of Is.
ZION, pv. Iredell co. N. C. 155 w of Rh.
ZOAR, pv. Tuscarawas co. O. on Tuscara
[ss of Hd
ZOAR BRIDGE, py. New Haven co. Conn. 50

was river.

PREFACE TO THE SUPPLEMENT.

THE principal object of the authors in preparing the following Supplement, has been to furnish a manual of geographical pronunciation adequate to the wants of teachers. Many names occurring on the maps ordinarily used in schools, had been omitted in the original Gazetteer, either from the impossibility of then ascertaining the true pronunciation, or from the conviction that they were intrinsically of little importance. For it is perhaps scarcely necessary to inform the reader that the insertion or omission of names in an atlas furnishes no certain criterion whereby to determine their actual importance, since it is not unusual for engravers, in order to obviate the appearance of meagreness or deficiency, to insert the names even of the most insignificant places in those parts of the map where they happen to have plenty of room, while names of real importance are necessarily omitted in other parts for the want of room. It not unfrequently happens, indeed, that the names of places whose existence is doubtful or more than doubtful, are found on maps of those parts of the world which have been but imperfectly explored. Yet names, however insignificant in themselves, occurring in our most popular school atlases, acquire from this very circumstance a certain importance to the teacher of geography. It has accordingly been the aim of the authors to give all the difficult names found in our common school atlases, especially on the maps of those parts of the world which are the best known, and of those which, from commercial or other relations, are most interesting to us.

The name ames of places in the United States, however, form a partial exception to this general plan, not that it is less important to give the difficult names of our own country, but (as has been stated in the Advertisement to the present edition of this work) "on account of the insuperable difficulties inherent in the task itself." In giving the pronunciation of the names of foreign places-there being ordinarily but one known among the inhabitants -the only points of difficulty, generally speaking, are: first, to ascertain the true sound; and, secondly, to express it in a manner intelligible to the English scholar. With regard, however, to the names of some parts of our own country, it seems impossible to give any pronunciation that will be generally satisfactory, from the fact that in many instances there is no settled pronunciation even among the inhabitants themselves. We have repeatedly known gentlemen of intelligence and education to differ entirely with regard to the proper manner of pronouncing names with which they had been familiar for years. It appears to us that this uncertainty or

(1)

diversity must necessarily prevail, at least for a time, when the name is of foreign origin (e. g. Terre Haute), and the inhabitants are of different nations or from different sections of the country. When this is the case, some will probably conform to the foreign pronunciation, while others will adopt various modes of anglicizing it. We believe that the determining of such questions must be left to time; which will doubtless gradually bring about the same uniformity in the pronunciation of these names as now prevails with respect to the words and names introduced into the English language at the Norman conquest.

It is, moreover, proper to apprise the reader that a multitude of names will not be found in the Supplement as they are given in some of our most popular school atlases, from the fact that they are misspelled in these works. Mistakes in orthography (owing perhaps to the greater difficulty of making corrections on an engraved plate) are much more frequent on maps than in ordinary printing. That the Gazetteer may not be censured—as it has been in several instances-for omissions attributable to the mistakes above alluded to, it is proposed to cite a few examples in illustration and proof of the foregoing statements. That there may be no appearance of reflection on any particular publication, the examples will be taken promiscuously from different popular atlases, and from such only as justly rank among the best works of the kind that have been published.

*These are given first, not because they are preferable in themselves, but because they are evidently the spellings which were before the mind of the engraver when the mistakes were originally made. Kirmanshah, Miskolcz, and Soorgootoi or Soorgoot, are in fact preferable to the others.