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THE

ECCLESIASTICAL CYCLOPÆDIA.

POPULAR RELIGIOUS WORKS

BY

JOHN EADIE, D.D., LL.D.

I.

A NEW AND COMPLETE

CONCORDANCE TO THE HOLY SCRIPTURES,

ON THE BASIS OF CRUDEN.

Twenty-second Edition. Post 8vo, 5s, cloth.

II.

ANALYTICAL CONCORDANCE TO THE HOLY SCRIPTURES;
Or, THE BIBLE PRESENTED UNDER DISTINCT AND CLASSIFIED HEADS OR TOPICS.
Third Edition. Post 8vo, 8s. 6d., cloth.

III.

BIBLICAL CYCLOPÆDIA;

Or, DICTIONARY OF EASTERN ANTIQUITIES, GEOGRAPHY, NATURAL HISTORY, SACRED ANNALS AND BIOGRAPHY, THEOLOGY AND BIBLICAL LITERATURE.

With Maps and Pictorial Illustrations.

Eighth Edition, revised. Post 8vo, 7s. 6d., cloth.

IV.

ECCLESIASTICAL CYCLOPÆDIA;

Or, DICTIONARY OF CHRISTIAN ANTIQUITIES AND SECTS, COMPRISING Architecture, ControverSIES, CREEDS, CUSTOMS, DENOMINATIONS, DOCTRINES, GOVERNMENT, HERESIES, HISTORY, LITURGIES, RITES, MONASTIC ORDERS, and MODERN JUDAISM.

Post 8vo, 8s. 6d., cloth.

THE

ECCLESIASTICAL CYCLOPÆDIA:

OR,

DICTIONARY

OF

CHRISTIAN ANTIQUITIES AND SECTS,

COMPRISING

ARCHITECTURE, CONTROVERSIES, CREEDS, CUSTOMS, DENOMINATIONS, DOCTRINES, GOVERNMENT, HERESIES, HISTORY, LITURGIES, RITES, MONASTIC ORDERS, AND MODERN JUDAISM.

EDITED BY

JOHN EADIE, D.D., LL.D.,

PROFESSOR OF BIBLICAL LITERATURE TO THE UNITED PRESBYTERIAN

CHURCH-SCOTLAND.

"The public now demand of those professionally devoted to the sciences that they shall not confine the knowledge they have such favoured opportunities of acquiring to the lecture-room, but shall render it available to the well-informed of all professions, and to the more intelligent, at least, of the other sex."-Edinburgh Review.

LONDON:

GRIFFIN, BOHN, AND COMPANY,

STATIONERS' HALL COURT.

1862.

"If what is here said shall administer any light to these parts of Church antiquity, I shall be very glad; if not, I am content it should follow the fate of many much better books, to be thrown aside. It was never designed to instruct the learned, but only to form a short scheme of the true state of things, for the benefit of those who have not been much conversant in the antiquities of the Church; at least, to give some aid and direction to the younger sort, who first apply themselves to the study of those ancient times. And if it may but attain this end, I shall think my time and pains have been well bestowed."-Cave.

CHEC

PREFACE.

THIS volume, the fourth I have edited for popular use, completes the series.* The earlier volumes were meant to give help for the understanding of Scripture, either by enabling the reader to compare it with itself in single verses or in groups of passages, or by imparting information on Biblical words, Eastern customs, Geography and Antiquities. These unpretending volumes have been well received, and the Editor hopes that to some extent his design has been realized.

The sphere of this volume is different from that of its three predecessors. It refers not primarily to Biblical, but to Ecclesiastical matters-to Theology as found in the various sections of the Church-to the peculiar customs and canons of primitive times-to Fathers and councils-to schisms and heresies-to medieval ceremonies and institutions—and to the origin and growth of more modern religious parties, and the characteristic elements of their history and progress. A great body of curious and useful information will be found in it, gathered from an immense variety of sources and authorities. Special attention has been given to what are termed Church Antiquities; and many articles on points of present and more ancient Scottish ecclesiastical usage have been inserted for the benefit of English and foreign readers. Impartial statements have been given of the doctrine and government of what are usually called Evangelical bodies. The theology of Arminianism and Calvinism has been treated historically, and not polemically. Episcopalian, Presbyterian, Independent. Baptist, and Pædo-Baptist, has each stated his own case, and spoken in his own defence, without hinderance or objection,—a statement of the argument being generally taken from the works of well-known or representative men in these various communions. Thus, if Bishop Hinds and Dr. Barrow speak on behalf of prelates, Coleman and Killen may say a word in defence of ruling elders, and Davidson may plead for Congregational order; if Cox maintains the immersion of believers, Wardlaw and Halley may vindicate the sprinkling of infants. A considerable number of the articles have appeared already in the Encyclopædia Metropolitana, which had, some years ago, become the property of the present publishers. It is now impossible to assign all those articles to their respective authors. I must, however, particularize the principal editor of that work and the Rev. Dr. Hartwell Horne,-such articles as BELL, CHRISOME, CONCLAVE, EXCOMMUNICATION, IMPROPRIATIONS, INQUISITION, Investiture, Mass, ORDINA

The three previous volumes are:

New and Complete Concordance to the Holy Scriptures, on the basis of Cruden. Twenty-second edition. Biblical Cyclopædia; or, Dictionary of Eastern Antiquities, Geography, Natural History, Sacred Annals and Biography, Theology, and Biblical Literature. Eighth edition.

An Analytical Concordance to the Holy Scriptures; or, the Bible presented under distinct and classified heads or topics. Third edition.

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