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This report gives in a brief form statistics of the various institutions that have to do with the education of the negro race in Continental United States. It includes data on children of school age; enrollment and number of teachers in the public schools; teachers and pupils in private secondary schools; instructors, students, receipts, and property values in colleges, universities, and teacher-training institutions. The information for this report was taken from questionnaires and letters sent to the State departments of education, public and private high schools, colleges, universities, and teacher-training institutions, and from printed reports from State departments of education for the year 1927-28. In a few cases, as noted, where 1928 data could not be secured, 1926 or 1927 information is used. Certain valuable information on elementary education could not be obtained in some sections of the country where segregation of the white and negro population is not practiced.

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Table 1 gives a record of the development of negro education from the year 1919-20 to 1927-28, inclusive. Taking the year 1919-20 as a basis the following increases for the negro race are noted in 18 Southern States where separate records are kept for white and negro schools; children 5 to 17 years of age, inclusive, 10.8 per cent; pupils enrolled, 9 per cent; high-school enrollment, 177.8 per cent; average daily attendance, 17.5 per cent; and aggregate number of days

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attended, 29.6 per cent. The number of pupils per teacher based on enrollment during the year 1927-28 was 47 in the elementary grades and 22.5 in the high school. The number of pupils per teacher in both elementary and high school was 45, which is approximately 15 more than for white and negro schools in the entire United States. It must be borne in mind, however, that in both the white and negro schools of the South such unfavorable educational conditions as low salaries for teachers, overcrowded schoolrooms and lack of laboratory and other equipment for high schools, wherever such exist, are due mainly to the fact that a comparatively large proportion of the population is of school age and to the low taxable wealth of the communities where these conditions obtain. According to the 1920 census the proportion of school children in the 18 Southern States was one-fourth more than for the entire United States. Under these unfavorable conditions the Southern States are building better buildings, paying better wages, and making steady progress in courses offered and work done.

Table 2 shows the public-school enrollment in 18 Southern States divided as to boys and girls and as to elementary and high-school enrollments. It is probable that there are more than 300,000 negro pupils in the public schools in the Northern and Western States.

Table 3 gives the enumeration of pupils 5 to 17 years of age, inclusive, average daily attendance, aggregate number of days attended, and the number of elementary and secondary school teachers (men and women) in the 18 Southern States.

Table 4 shows the number of pupils by grades in both the elementary and high schools in 17 States where records of this kind are kept. The high-school enrollment has increased approximately 25 per cent during each succeeding 2-year period for the past four 2-year periods.

Table 5 gives a distribution of pupils by grades in the public schools in 12 States beginning with the year 1919-20 and ending with the year 1927-28. It will be noticed that, of the 474,836 pupils in the first grade in 1919-20, 233,105 reached the second grade in 1920-21; 199,238 reached the third grade in 1921-22; and so on to 1927-28, when 28,213 remained to be in the first year of high school. Using the year 1919-20 as a basis of 100 per cent, the remainders in each succeeding grade were: Second grade, 19 per cent; third, 42 per cent; fourth, 34 per cent; fifth, 25 per cent; sixth, 17.5 per cent; seventh, 11.9 per cent; eighth, 3.8 per cent; and the first year high school, 5.9 per cent. The low percentage for the eighth grade is caused by some States not having an eighth grade. The pupils in the first grade have decreased slightly in the 9-year period, but the pupils in the first year of high school increased 290 per cent in the same period. Pupils in the fourth year of high schoo increased 529 per cent during the same years.

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OF AMERICA

STATISTICS OF THE NEGRO RACE, 1927-28

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Table 6 gives the number of teachers in 508 high schools for negroes only reporting to the Office of Education. In 272 of these schools which completed the fourth year there were graduated 2,356 boys and 4,735 girls.

Table 7 shows all negro pupils in high schools for both white and - negro pupils and for negro pupils only reported by schools to the Office of Education for Northern and Western States and by State - departments of education for the 18 Southern States combined into one table.

Tables 8 and 9 give instructors, students, property, and receipts I for State and private institutions of secondary and higher rank. Receipts for private high schools or academies are not included.

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Table 10 shows the increase in the length of the school year in 16 States. In the 9-year period the average increase of schools for white pupils was 16 days, or 11 per cent. During the same period negro schools increased 11 days, or 9 per cent. All of these States report increases in the white schools, while the length of the school year in negro schools shows a tendency to increase in only 10 States. Louisiana had an average of 114 days in the negro schools in 1919-20, but decreased to 102 in 1926. It again increased to 114 in 1927-28. Mississippi, Oklahoma, Texas, and Virginia show a tendency to decrease. During the 2-year period, 1925-26 and 1927-28, Mississippi increased the length of the school year in her white schools 21 days and shortened the school year for negro schools 28 days.

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GROWTH IN ENUMERATION, ENROLLMENT AND AVERAGE DAILY ATTENDANCE
THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS FOR NEGROES IN 18 SOUTHERN STATES,

JAUMBER

1914-1928.

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Table 11 gives average salaries for negro teachers in States where this information is available. Although this information is fragmentary it is enough to show that teachers' salaries have increased nearly 10 per cent in the 2-year period.

Figure 1 shows the growth graphically of the enumeration, enrollment, and average daily attendance in the public schools of the

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junior colleges reporting to this office in 1928, the only public junior college for negroes is reported by Houston, Tex. Aside from landgrant institutions and teacher-training schools, North Carolina College for Negroes, Durham, N. C., is the only State college for

negroes.

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ANNUAL GROWTH OF HIGH SCHOOL ENROLLMENT
IN 12 SOUTHERN STATES, 1920-1928.

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Figure 3 shows the growth in enrollment of pupils in negro high schools in each year of the public high-school course for the 9-year period beginning with the year 1919-20. While the rate of increase in enrollment in the first year of high school during the years 1926–1928 continued to be greater than that in any of the other high-school years, the rate of increase in enrollment for each of the other years was comparatively high.

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