...of the people, it shall be the duty of legislatures and magistrates, in all future periods of this commonwealth, to cherish the interests of literature...especially the university at Cambridge, public schools, and grammar-schools in the towns; to encourage private societies and public institutions ... for the promotion...

...of the people, it shall be the duty of legislatures and magistrates, in all future periods of this commonwealth, to cherish the interests of literature and the sciences, and all seminaries of them. . . ,"59 Until well beyond the founding period, this republican view of education, including its emphasis...

...drafted for the Massachusetts Constitution of 1 780, proclaiming the duty of legislators and magistrates "to cherish the interests of literature and the sciences, and all seminaries of them." There is no doubt that by "cherish" Adams meant "pay for." At least as important as the fact that there...

...of the people, it shall be the duty of legislatures and magistrates, in all future periods of this Commonwealth, to cherish the interests of literature...Cambridge, public schools and grammar schools in the towns. While some state supreme courts have upheld state educational funding schemes on the basis of the state's...

...suit.21 The constitution of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts enjoined the state government to provide "rewards and immunities, for the promotion of agriculture, arts, sciences, commerce, trades, manufactures."22 During the first half of the nineteenth century, the state legislature voted money...

...of the people, it shall be the duty of legislatures and magistrates, in all future periods of this commonwealth, to cherish the interests of literature and the sciences, and all seminaries of them ... to encourage private societies and public institutions ... to countenance and inculcate the principles...

...1780 Massachusetts constitution codified these practices; it charged policymakers with establishing "rewards and immunities, for the promotion of agriculture, arts, sciences, commerce, trades, manufactures." Other regional governments joined the Bay State in working with entrepreneurs to promote improvements...

...and liberties ... it shall be the duty of legislators and magistrates, in all future periods of the Commonwealth, to cherish the interests of literature...at Cambridge, public schools, and grammar schools." These schools, the constitution declared, would conduce to all the hallmarks of virtue reminiscent...

...the Commonwealth to cherish the interests of literature and sciences, and all seminaries of them; ... to encourage private societies and public institutions, rewards and immunities, for the promotion of [education] . . . ; to countenance and inculcate the principles of humanity and general benevolence,...

...orders of the people, it shall be the duty of legislators and magistrates in all future periods of this commonwealth to cherish the interests of literature...seminaries of them, especially the university at Cambridge, publ1c schools, and grammar schools in the towns; to encourage private societies and public institutions,...