...immortal." 22 In the original, an opinion crafted by Chief Justice John Marshall, the theory reads in full: A corporation is an artificial being, invisible, intangible,...only in contemplation of law. Being the mere creature oflaw, it possesses only those properties that the charter of its creation confers on it, either expressly,...

...general characteristics will be discussed here. As defined by Chief Justice John Marshall in 1819, a corporation is "an artificial being, invisible, intangible, and existing only in contemplation of the law." In other words, a corporation is a distinct legal entity, separate from the individual who...

...with well-defined powers. In the famous words of Chief Justice Marshall in the Dartmouth College case: "A corporation is an artificial being, invisible, intangible and existing only in contemplation of law."13 Its shareholders, finally, were regarded not as passive investors (as they would be later)...

...they can do is defined by law. To use the words of the American jurist, Chief Justice John Marshall, a corporation is 'an artificial being, invisible, intangible, and existing only in the contemplation of the law'.12 That is to say, the law is to corporations what rules are to games....

...charters in Virginia also signaled the need for reform. On a national level the status of corporations as "an artificial being, invisible, intangible, and existing only in contemplation of law," had been established by Chief Justice John Marshall in Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819). This pivotal...

...of incorporation?" * Such is the process by which Marshall reaches his famous definition of the word "corporation": "A corporation is an artificial being,...intangible, and existing only in contemplation of law. . . It possesses only those properties which the charter of its creation confers upon it. . . Among...

...striking down certain restrictions on election-related speech and spending by corporations, insisting that "a corporation is an artificial being, invisible,...intangible, and existing only in contemplation of law" and, therefore, does not necessarily enjoy "the right of political expression."6 And in Texas v. Johnson,...

...According to Chief Justice Marshall in Dartmouth College case in USA: "A corporation (ie, a company) is an artificial being, invisible, intangible and existing only in contemplation of the law. Being a mere creation of law, it possesses only the properties which the charter of its creation...

...they can do is defined by law. To use the words of the American jurist, Chief Justice John Marshall, a corporation is 'an artificial being, invisible, intangible, and existing only in the contemplation of the law'.11 That is to say, the law is to corporations what rules are to games....

...incur liabilities. In the famous Dartmouth College decision in 1819, Justice Marshall concluded that a corporation is an artificial being, invisible, intangible, and existing only in contemplation of the law. Being a mere creature of law, it possesses only those properties which the charter of its...